松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段碳酸盐胶结物分布及其主控因素<sup>*</sup>

赵小庆, 鲍志东, 孟元林, 刘宗飞. (2013)松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段碳酸盐胶结物分布及其主控因素^* [J]. 古地理学报, 15(1): 125-134
Zhao Xiaoqing, Bao Zhidong, Meng Yuanlin, Liu Zongfei. (2013)Distribution of carbonate cements in the Members 3 and 4 of Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation of northern Songliao Basin and its main controling factors[J]. Journal Of Palaeogeography, 15(1): 125-134. DOI:10.7605/gdlxb.2013.01.012 复制到剪切板

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松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段碳酸盐胶结物分布及其主控因素^*

赵小庆^1,², 鲍志东^1,², 孟元林³, 刘宗飞¹

1 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京 102249

2 中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 102249

3 东北石油大学地球科学学院,黑龙江大庆 163318

通讯作者简介: 鲍志东,男,1964年生,中国石油大学(北京)教授,主要从事储集层地质与油藏描述、沉积学以及岩相古地理等的教学和科研工作。E-mail:baozhd@cup.edu.cn。

第一作者简介: 赵小庆,女,1984年生,现为中国石油大学(北京)在读博士研究生,主要从事储集层地质与油藏描述等研究。E-mail:diandian_lovely@163.com。

收稿日期:2012-06-05

基金:*国家科技重大专项“西非深水海底扇典型油气田精细油藏描述与储集层地质建模”(编号:2008ZX05030-005-01)和国家科技重大专项“塔里木盆地白云岩优质储集层发育模式及分布规律”(编号:2011ZX05004-004-007)共同资助

摘要

在高分辨率层序地层学研究的基础上,结合镜下薄片观察、电子探针分析、包裹体测试和物性分析数据,对松辽盆地北部地区下白垩统泉头组三、四段碎屑岩储集层碳酸盐胶结物的分布及其主控因素进行分析。结果表明:泉头组三、泉四段地层平缓、埋深跨度小、成岩作用变化弱,碳酸盐胶结物主要受沉积微相和基准面旋回控制;由物源向盆地方向依次发育的曲流河水上分流河道和水下分流河道中,碳酸盐胶结物含量在岩性特征、分选磨圆和泥质含量等因素的影响下呈逐渐增加的趋势;不同中期旋回相同沉积微相的储集层中,碳酸盐胶结物含量不同,并随着长期基准面上升而表现为逐渐减小的趋势;由沉积微相和基准面旋回共同引起的沉积环境差异,而导致碳酸盐胶结物含量的规律性变化,是影响河流相储集层非均质性的重要因素之一。

关键词: 高分辨率层序地层; 基准面旋回; 松辽盆地; 泉头组; 碳酸盐胶结物; 成岩作用

中图分类号:P588.2 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1671-1505(2013)01-0125-10

Distribution of carbonate cements in the Members 3 and 4 of Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation of northern Songliao Basin and its main controling factors

Zhao Xiaoqing^1,², Bao Zhidong^1,², Meng Yuanlin³, Liu Zongfei¹

1 College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249

2 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249

3 College of Geosciences, Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,Heilongjiang;

About the corresponding author: Bao Zhidong,born in 1964,is a professor of China University of Petroleum(Beijing).He is mainly engaged in reservoir geology and reservoir description,sedimentology and lithofacies palaeogeography.E-mail:baozhd@cup.edu.cn.

About the first author: Zhao Xiaoqing,born in 1984,is a Ph.D.candidate of China University of Petroleum(Beijing).She is mainly engaged in reservoir geology and reservoir description.E-mail:diandian_lovely@163.com.

Abstract

In order to study the distribution characteristics of carbonate cement and the controling factors in clastic reservoir of the Members 3 and 4 of Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in northern Songliao Basin. The theories of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, and the methods of microscopically slice observation, electron microprobe analysis, fluid inclusion testing and physical properties analysis were used. The results showed that the strata of Members 3 and 4 of Quantou Formation in northern Songliao Basin were gentle, and they were buried at depths of small span, diagenesis of them was weak, and carbonate cement was mainly affected by sedimentary microfacies and cycle of base level. In the direction of provenance area to the basin, values of the content of carbonate cements in different sedimentary facies of meandering river, distributary channel and submerged distributary channel were different. At the same time, influenced by factors such as lithological character, sorting and rounding of grains, shale content, etc, the content of carbonate cement increased gradually. Values of content of carbonate cement were different in different medium cycles of the same sedimentary microfacies types of reservoir, and with the long-term base level rising, they showed a decreasing trend. The regular change of content of carbonate cement due to the difference in sedimentary environments controled by microfacies and base-level cycles is one of the important factors which influence the heterogeneity of fluvial reservoirs.

Key words: high-resolution sequence stratigraphy; base-level cycle; Songliao Basin; Quantou Formation; carbonate cement; diagenesis

Show Figures

碳酸盐胶结物作为成岩作用过程中重要的矿物之一(Pettijohn et al., 1987), 广泛分布于碎屑岩储集层中, 其通过影响储集层非均质性造成储集层流体渗流差异(Morad, 1998), 从而成为剩余油分布的主控因素之一, 故碳酸盐胶结物在碎屑岩储集层中的分布特征及控制机理的研究对油气田勘探开发具有非常重要的现实意义, 并引起国内外学者广泛关注。前人主要从三级层序界面对砂岩成岩作用及储集层质量的影响(罗忠等, 2007)、埋藏、构造及沉积等方面探讨了碳酸盐胶结物与埋藏深度的关系(张永旺等, 2009), 以及根据碳酸盐胶结物不同形成期次对其形成机理及分布模式进行研究(姚泾利等, 2011), 主要集中于探讨成岩作用对碳酸盐胶结物分布的影响(徐北煤和卢冰, 1994; 吴少波等, 2006), 而对不同沉积微相类型之间、同类沉积微相在基准面旋回不同阶段的碳酸盐胶结物分布的差异性探讨较少。因此, 本研究在对松辽盆地北部进行高分辨率层序地层研究的基础上, 运用岩石薄片镜下观察、电子探针分析及统计学定量数据分析等手段, 探讨沉积微相与基准面旋回共同影响下的碳酸盐胶结物分布特征及控制机理。

1 地质背景

松辽盆地位于中国东北部, 总面积约26× 10⁴ km², 其北部的大庆油田, 面积约12× 10⁴ km²(图 1)。盆地内主要发育中、新生代沉积岩系, 最大厚度逾万米。地层自下而上依次为侏罗系、白垩系、古近系、新近系和第四系(楼章华等, 1997)。泉头组位于白垩系下部, 主要发育三角洲沉积体系, 是盆地的主要勘探对象之一, 从下向上可分为泉一段至泉四段4个岩性阶段。

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	图1 松辽盆地北部位置Fig.1 Location of northern Songliao Basin

其中, 泉头组三、四段有完整的三角洲平原和三角洲前缘沉积亚相, 主要发育曲流河河道主体、水上分流河道主体和水下分流河道主体3种沉积微相(张庆国等, 2007; 胡明毅和刘仙晴, 2009), 为本研究的重点。结合前人对基准面旋回级次问题的大量研究, 若将三级层序对应为长期基准面旋回, 则可将泉头组三、四段整体作为一个长期基准面旋回。在长期旋回内部, 根据岩心及测井曲线变化特征(郑荣才等, 2001), 可进一步划分为2个中期基准面旋回、6个短期旋回(图 2)。

泉头组上部主要发育长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩(修洪文, 2010), 胶结物以泥质和碳酸盐为主, 并发育自生石英、长石和少量浊沸石及铁质胶结, 胶结类型以孔隙式和基底式为主。孔隙类型主要以原生砂岩粒间孔隙为主, 次生孔隙不发育, 喉道形态较为复杂, 孔隙度介于9%~25%之间, 渗透率介于0.5× 10^-3~15980× 10^-3 μ m²之间, 属中孔储集层, 渗透率级差较大; 岩石固结程度中到高, 颗粒接触以点接触和点— 线接触为主, 整体处于中成岩阶段A期(孟元林等, 2010)。由于目的层埋深跨度较小(200 m), 故成岩作用对泉头组三、四段砂层组储集层非均质性影响较弱。

2 碳酸盐胶结物类型

碳酸盐胶结物是指碎屑岩中孔隙水过饱和沉淀的碳酸盐矿物, 通常由方解石、白云石、含铁方解石、含铁白云石和菱铁矿等组成(姚光庆和李蕙生, 1991; 吴素娟等, 2005; 张敏强等, 2007; 孙致学等, 2010; 王琪等, 2010; 田亚铭等, 2011)。电子探针分析和岩石薄片观察表明, 研究区泉头组三、四段的碳酸盐胶结矿物类型主要有方解石、白云石和菱铁矿(图 3), 其产状主要有粒间胶结物、交代物或次生孔隙内填充物等形式。其中方解石的含量较多、分布范围较广, 并具有交代和胶结2种产状, 这主要是由于地层水溶蚀目的层中富集的介壳类化石后, 与长石等矿物发生交代作用, 以及泥岩中富钙流体进入砂岩发生胶结作用而形成的; 白云石胶结物含量较少、分布范围相对较小; 菱铁矿主要是由二价铁离子构成, 往往代表着偏还原环境的水下沉积, 因此在地表主要形成于泥炭沼泽中, 在地下则发育在富含有机质的沉积中(郑浚茂和庞明, 1989)。由于碳酸盐矿物类型主要受物源供给变化、沉积环境差异和成岩阶段不同等因素影响, 且研究区目的层的物源供给较为稳定、根据流体包裹体测试结果表明所处成岩阶段差异相对较小(表 1), 故文中将着重探讨沉积环境对碳酸盐胶结物分布的控制机理。

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	图2 松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段综合柱状图Fig.2 Comprehensive column of the Members 3 and 4 of Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in northern Songliao Basin

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图3 松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组四段碳酸盐胶结物显微照片
1— 方解石充填斜长石粒内孔, 树129井, 1581.68 m, 钙质长石岩屑细砂岩, 正交光, × 200; 2— 泥晶方解石充填粒间, 杏11-51-丙242, 1530.60 m, 含钙细粒岩屑长石砂岩, 正交光, × 100; 3— 含铁白云石, 徐11井, 1459.99 m, 细砂岩, 单偏光, × 200; 4— 菱铁矿, 杜22井, 1516.5 m, 含钙砂岩, 单偏光, × 200Fig.3 Micrograph of carbonate cements in the Member 4 of Lower Cretaceous Quanton Formation in northern Songliao Basin

表1 松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段包裹体数据 Table1 Inclusion data of the Members 3 and 4 of Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in northern Songliao Basin

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	图4 松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段碳酸盐含量与沉积相关系图Fig.4 Map showing relationship between carbonate content and sedimentary facies of the Members 3 and 4 of the Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in northern Songliao Basin

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	图5 松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组不同沉积微相中碳酸盐胶结物含量对比Fig.5 Comparison of content of carbonate cements among different sedimentary microfacies in the Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in northern Songliao Basin

表2 松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组不同沉积微相岩石学特征 Table2 Petrological characteristics of different sedimentary microfacies in the Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in northern Songliao Basin

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图6 松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段不同沉积微相原始孔隙度、泥质含量、中值粒径与碳酸盐胶结物含量关系
根据松辽盆地泉三段和泉四段不同沉积相111块砂岩的分选系数, 应用公式:Φ _O=20.91+22.9/S_O, 计算了砂岩储集层的原始孔隙度, 其中:Φ _O— 原始孔隙度, %; S_O— 分选系数Fig.6 Relationships between original porosity, mud content, median grain size and content of carbonate cements among different sedimentary microfacies in the Members 3 and 4 of Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in northern Songliao Basin

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图7 碳酸盐胶结物含量、泥质含量、中值粒径及原始孔隙度与基准面旋回的关系
根据松辽盆地泉三段和泉四段不同沉积相111块砂岩的分选系数, 应用公式:Φ _O=20.91+22.9/S_O, 计算了砂岩储集层的原始孔隙度, 其中:Φ _O— 原始孔隙度, %; S_O— 分选系数Fig.7 Relationship between content of carbonate cements, mud content, median grain size, orginal porosity and base-level cycles

3 沉积微相对碳酸盐胶结分布的影响及控制机理

研究区泉头组三、四段以发育河流相砂体为主(胡明毅和刘仙晴, 2009)。在综合考虑砂体发育程度的基础上, 以泉头组三、四段的曲流河河道主体、水上分流河道主体和水下分流河道主体为例, 对不同类型沉积微相中碳酸盐胶结物的分布特征和形成机理进行探讨。由于不同成岩阶段的碎屑岩储集层碳酸盐胶结物在平面和垂向上的分布特征有异, 故作者以泉头组三、四段中处于相同成岩阶段的河流相储集层为例进行研究 (图 4)。通过分析发现, 碳酸盐胶结物在不同类型沉积微相中的总体含量存在差异, 表现为曲流河、水上分流河道和水下分流河道之间的碳酸盐胶结物总量呈递增趋势(图 5)。这是因为:首先, 随着与物源距离的增加, 3种微相的矿物成分成熟度和结构成熟度依次变好(表 2), 石英、长石等刚性颗粒百分含量逐渐变大、磨圆度也相应变好, 使储集层的抗压实能力不断改善, 保护储集层原生孔隙体积, 为碳酸盐矿物的胶结保留了足够的空间; 其次, 随着沉积物搬运距离的逐渐增加, 3种微相的碎屑颗粒分选总体依次变好, 储集层孔隙结构不断变好, 泥质颗粒不易堵塞孔隙喉道, 便于地层水运移, 使碳酸盐得到源源不断的补充而不断沉淀, 故相同泥质含量条件下3种微相的碳酸盐胶结物含量呈递减趋势, 而相同粒度中值条件下3种微相的碳酸盐胶结物含量呈递增趋势(图 6); 最后, 由于泥岩中黏土矿物转化为胶结作用提供钙质来源(王行信等, 1990), 且介壳类生物主要生长在潮下带的浅湖— 半深湖环境(王强等, 2007), 故靠近厚层湖相泥岩的储集层易于形成碳酸盐胶结物。因此, 在以上因素的共同影响下, 曲流河河道主体的碳酸盐胶结物的平均含量相对较少(2.7%), 水上分流河道主体的碳酸盐胶结物的平均含量相对较大(3.2%), 而水下分流河道主体的碳酸盐胶结物平均含量最大(6.1%)。

此外, 由于研究区泉头组三、四段3种微相的沉积环境不同导致碳酸盐胶结物的主要组成矿物有异, 使碳酸盐胶结物的抗溶蚀能力存在差异性, 引起次生孔发育程度不一, 从而对储集层非均质性产生影响。

4 基准面旋回对碳酸盐胶结物分布的影响及控制机理

在前人对高分辨率层序地层研究(解习农, 2007, 2008; 刘宗堡等, 2008; 刘桂珍等, 2010; 阮壮等, 2012)的基础上, 若将三级层序对应长期基准面旋回, 松辽盆地中央坳陷泉三段和泉四段可分为2个中期旋回、6个短期旋回, 综合考虑不同基准面旋回中曲流河、水上分流河道和水下分流河道3种微相河道主体砂体发育程度, 下面以水下分流河道主体为例, 探讨基准面旋回对碳酸盐胶结物分布的影响及控制机理。通过分析发现, 研究区目的层水下分流河道主体内部的碳酸盐胶结物含量与高分辨率基准面升降具有良好的对应关系, 表现为随着长期基准面的不断上升, 中期基准面旋回内部水下分流河道主体的碳酸盐胶结物逐渐减少。这是因为在旋回发育过程中, 随着基准面的不断上升, 可容纳空间逐渐增加、物源供给持续减少, 沉积物搬运距离相对变短, 导致沉积碎屑的碎屑分选程度不断变差, 泥质增加, 使储集层孔隙体积相对缩小, 故碳酸盐胶结物沉淀空间相对减少(图 7); 同时, 在沉积水体不断变深的影响下, 水动力条件持续变弱, 碎屑颗粒的粒度变细, 颗粒外表面积相对减少, 有利于碳酸盐胶结物的附着; 并且在泥质含量不断增加的影响下, 储集层喉道易于被泥质颗粒堵塞, 地层水运移受阻, 使碳酸盐胶结物由于缺乏物质来源而无法大量胶结。

因此, 在上述因素的影响下, 松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段, 水下分流河道主体的碳酸盐胶结物含量与基准面旋回具有明显的负相关关系, 即随着基准面的不断上升, 储集层中碳酸盐胶结物含量呈向上逐渐减少的分布趋势。

5 结论

1)松辽盆地北部泉头组三、四段地层平缓、埋深跨度小、成岩作用变化弱, 碳酸盐胶结物主要受沉积微相和基准面旋回控制。

2)由物源向盆地方向依次发育的曲流河、水上分流河道和水下分流河道的碳酸盐胶结物含量在岩矿组合、分选磨圆和泥质含量等因素的影响下呈逐渐增加的趋势。

3)不同中期旋回的相同沉积微相类型的储集层的碳酸盐胶结物含量具有差异性, 并随着长期基准面上升而表现为逐渐减小的趋势。

4)由沉积微相和基准面旋回共同引起的沉积环境差异而导致的碳酸盐胶结物含量的规律性变化是影响河流相储集层非均质性重要因素之一。

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参考文献

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[1]	胡明毅, 刘仙晴. 2009. 测井相在松辽盆地北部泉三、四段沉积微相分析中的应用[J]. 岩性油气藏, 21(1): 102-106. [文内引用:2]
[2]	刘桂珍, 鲍志东, 周新茂, 等. 2010. 英台油田萨尔图油层高分辨率层序地层与单砂体特征[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 37(2): 127-132. [文内引用:1]
[3]	刘宗堡, 马世忠, 孙雨, 等. 2008. 三肇凹陷葡萄花油层高分辨率层序地层划分及沉积特征研究[J]. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 26(3): 399-406. [文内引用:1]
[4]	楼章华, 谢鸿森, 蔡希源, 等. 1997. 松辽盆地扶杨油层(Klq³⁺⁴)沉积环境[J]. 石油实验地质, 19(1): 71-75. [文内引用:1]
[5]	罗忠, 罗平, 张兴阳, 等. 2007. 层序界面对砂岩成岩作用及储集层质量的影响: 以鄂尔多斯盆地延河露头上三叠统延长组为例[J]. 沉积学报, 25(6): 903-914. [文内引用:1]
[6]	孟元林, 高煜婷, 吴河勇, 等. 2010. 松辽盆地北部中浅层区域成岩规律及影响因素[J]. 古地理学报, 12(1): 97-106. [文内引用:1]
[7]	阮壮, 朱筱敏, 何宇航, 等. 2012. 大庆长垣北部葡萄花上部油层高分辨率层序地层划分[J]. 沉积学报, 30(2): 301-309. [文内引用:1]
[8]	孙致学, 孙治雷, 鲁洪江, 等. 2010. 砂岩储集层中碳酸盐胶结物特征: 以鄂尔多斯盆地中南部延长组为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 37(5): 543-551. [文内引用:1]
[9]	田亚铭, 施泽进, 李庭艳, 等. 2011. 姬塬地区长8油层组碳酸盐胶结物特征与成因[J]. 西安石油大学学报(自然科学版), 26(3): 26-32. [文内引用:1]
[10]	王琪, 郝乐伟, 陈国俊, 等. 2010. 白云凹陷珠海组砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物的形成机理[J]. 石油学报, 31(4): 553-558. [文内引用:1]
[11]	王强, 袁桂邦, 张熟, 等. 2007. 渤海湾西岸贝壳堤堆积与海陆相互作用[J]. 第四纪研究, 27(5): 775-786. [文内引用:1]
[12]	王行信, 辛国强, 冯永才, 等. 1990. 松辽盆地黏土矿物研究[M]. 黑龙江哈尔滨: 黑龙江科学技术出版社, 1-200. [文内引用:1]
[13]	吴少波, 赵惊蜇, 李健, 等. 2006. 吴起油田长6 油层组储集层成岩作用及其对物性的影响[J]. 西安石油大学学报(自然科学版), 21(4): 42-45. [文内引用:1]
[14]	吴素娟, 黄思静, 孙治雷, 等. 2005. 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组砂岩中的白云石胶结物及形成机制[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 32(6): 569-575. [文内引用:1]
[15]	解习农, 陆永潮, 任建业, 等. 2007. 松辽盆地层序地层格架和中浅层沉积体系研究[R]. 湖北武汉: 中国地质大学. [文内引用:1]
[16]	解习农, 陆永潮, 任建业, 等. 2008. 松辽盆地层序地层格架和中浅层沉积体系研究[R]. 湖北武汉: 中国地质大学沉积盆地及沉积矿产研究所. [文内引用:1]
[17]	修洪文. 2010. 松辽盆地北部泉三、四段储集层岩石学特征研究[J]. 中国西部科技, 5(13): 11-13. [文内引用:1]
[18]	徐北煤, 卢冰. 1994. 硅质碎屑岩中碳酸盐胶结物及其对储集层的控制作用的研究[J]. 沉积学报, 12(3): 56-66. [文内引用:1]
[19]	姚光庆, 李蕙生. 1991. 南阳凹陷下第三系核桃园组砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物及其成因的初步探讨[J]. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 16(5): 549-556. [文内引用:1]
[20]	姚泾利, 王琪, 张瑞, 等. 2011. 鄂尔多斯盆地中部延长组砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物成因与分布规律研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 22(6): 943-950. [文内引用:1]
[21]	张敏强, 黄思静, 吴志轩, 等. 2007. 东海盆地丽水凹陷古近系储集层砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物及形成机制[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 34(4): 259-266. [文内引用:1]
[22]	张庆国, 鲍志东, 那未红. 2007. 松辽盆地中央坳陷南部下白垩统泉头组四段沉积相[J]. 古地理学报, 9(3): 267-276. [文内引用:1]
[23]	张永旺, 曾溅辉, 高霞, 等. 2009. 东营凹陷古近系储集层碳酸盐胶结物分布特征及主控因素[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 39(1): 16-22. [文内引用:1]
[24]	郑浚茂, 庞明. 1989. 碎屑沉积岩的成岩作用研究[M]. 湖北武汉: 中国地质大学出版社, 1-300. [文内引用:1]
[25]	郑荣才, 彭军, 吴朝容. 2001. 陆相盆地基准面旋回的级次划分和研究意义[J]. 沉积学报, 19(2): 654-662. [文内引用:1]
[26]	Morad S. 1998. Carbonate Cementation in Sand stones: Distribution Patterns and Geochemical Evolution[C]. Wiley-Blackwell: 1-26. [文内引用:1]
[27]	Pettijohn F J, Potter P E, Siever R S. 1987. Sand and Sand stone (2nd Edition)[M]. NewYork: Springer. [文内引用:1]

2009

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胡明毅, 刘仙晴. 2009. 测井相在松辽盆地北部泉三、四段沉积微相分析中的应用[J]. 岩性油气藏, 21(1): 102-106.

On the basis of the previous studies, the sedimentary microfacies of the third and fourth members of Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in northern Songliao Basin are studied by using integrated well logs. It is favorable to improve the utilization of well logs and ascertain the distribution of single sand, and it provides basis for rational exploration of oil and gas field.

College of Geosciences， Yangtze University， Jingzhou 434023， China

在前人研究的基础上，综合利用测井曲线等资料，对松辽盆地北部下白垩统泉头组三、四段进行了沉积微相研究，目的在于进一步提高测井曲线信息的利用率，了解单砂层展布规模和相带分区，为下一步油气勘探部署、提交油气后备储量与合理开发油气田提供更为充分的依据。

... 胡明毅和刘仙晴,2009),为本研究的重点 ...

... 3 沉积微相对碳酸盐胶结分布的影响及控制机理研究区泉头组三、四段以发育河流相砂体为主(胡明毅和刘仙晴,2009) ...

2010

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... 刘桂珍等,2010 ...

2008

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... 刘宗堡等,2008 ...

1997

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楼章华, 谢鸿森, 蔡希源, 等. 1997. 松辽盆地扶杨油层(Klq³⁺⁴)沉积环境[J]. 石油实验地质, 19(1): 71-75.

By studing the lithofacies of coring well sections, lithofacies assemblages and vertical sedimentary sequences , several types of sedimentary environments including sandy braided channels, low sinuosity channels , crevasse splays, interstreams lakes , transgressive deltas , shore shallow lakes etc. can be recOgnized in Fuyang oil reservoirs( K 1 q 3+4 ).During the sedimentary period of Yangdachengzi oil reservoir, the braided and low sinuosity channels in northern, western and southern sedimentary systems converged in the eastern basin and developed into meandering streams. Along with the sedimentation of Fuyu reservoirs, streams in the western basin began to form lakes. At the late sedimentary stage of Fuyu oil reservoir, lakes quickly extended. Only the sedimentary system in the south developed transgressive delta deposit because of the abundant supplies of sediments. But in other regions, estuarine sandbars were transformed to shore shallow lakes composed of siltstones and thin interbeds.

Institute of Geochemistry, Academia Sinica

通过研究取心井段的岩相、岩相组合和垂向沉积层序,可将扶杨油层( K 1 q 3+4 )的沉积环境划分出数种类型:砂质网状化河道、低弯度河道、决口扇、河间湖泊、水进式三角洲和滨浅湖相等。杨大城子油层沉积时期,北部、西部和南部沉积体系的网状化河、低弯度河在盆地东部汇合,发育曲流河。扶余油层开始沉积以后,在盆地西部河流汇水形成湖泊。在扶余油层沉积晚期,湖面迅速扩大,只有南部沉积体系,由于丰富的沉积物供给,发育水进式三角洲沉积,而其余地区,河口砂坝被改造成由粉砂岩和薄互层组成的滨浅湖相。

... 地层自下而上依次为侏罗系、白垩系、古近系、新近系和第四系(楼章华等,1997) ...

2007

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罗忠, 罗平, 张兴阳, 等. 2007. 层序界面对砂岩成岩作用及储集层质量的影响: 以鄂尔多斯盆地延河露头上三叠统延长组为例[J]. 沉积学报, 25(6): 903-914.

Diagenesis and reservoir quality in sandstones are important research scopes for petroleum exploration. Taking the delta front to delta plain facies from upper Chang 7 to middle Chang 4+5 member of Yanchang Formation, Yanhe River outcrop, eastern Ordos Basin as an example, this paper addresses the differences of authigenetic minerals, porosity types, petrophysical attributes and oilshowing in sandstones between baselevel semirising and semidowning cycles, and their origins. Both of abundant laumontite and early calcite cement in concretion prevent the formation of authigenetic minerals including chlorite, chlorite/smectite, quartzovergrowth and albiteovergrowth in baselevel semidowning cycle under the 3rd sequence stratigraphic boundary surface, whereas authigenetic chlorite, chlorite/smectite, quartzovergrowth and albiteovergrowth are relatively well developed resulting from poor development of laumontite cement owing to lack of tuffaceous deposites and lower formation temperature, and lack of early calcite cement due to little influence of lake in baselevel semirising cycle above the 3rd sequence stratigraphic boundary sequence. The 3rd sequence boundary surface together with well developed Chang16sandbodies immediately above the sequence boundary surface was the predominant fluid conduits through which acidic fluid, which dissolved laumontite and calcite cement and feldspar grains, and oil migrated originated from the mature source rocks. 

Department of Resources and Earth Science, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083

砂岩成岩作用及储层质量是油气勘探的重要研究内容，不同地区砂岩成岩作用及储层质量的主要控制因素各不相同。本文以鄂尔多斯盆地东部延河露头剖面延长组长7上部—长4+5中部三角洲前缘—三角洲平原沉积为例，重点讨论三级层序界面（长16底）上下不同基准面半旋回中砂岩自生矿物、储集空间类型、储集性能和含油性差异及造成这些差异的原因。指出层序界面之下的下降半旋回中浊沸石和早期钙质砂岩结核的发育阻止了绿泥石等粘土矿物及自生石英和自生钠长石的发育，而界面之上的上升半旋回中因凝灰质不足以及地层温度较低造成浊沸石发育有限，加之受湖水影响较小而缺乏早期方解石胶结物，因而绿泥石等自生粘土矿物及自生石英和自生钠长石较为发育，并保留了一部分原生孔隙。层序界面及紧邻其上大规模发育的长16砂体成为流体运移的优势通道，是界面之上浊沸石、方解石胶结物及长石颗粒被酸性流体溶蚀形成次生孔隙的重要因素，也是石油的重要运移通道和储集体。

... 前人主要从三级层序界面对砂岩成岩作用及储集层质量的影响(罗忠等,2007)、埋藏、构造及沉积等方面探讨了碳酸盐胶结物与埋藏深度的关系(张永旺等,2009),以及根据碳酸盐胶结物不同形成期次对其形成机理及分布模式进行研究(姚泾利等,2011),主要集中于探讨成岩作用对碳酸盐胶结物分布的影响(徐北煤和卢冰,1994 ...

2010

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孟元林, 高煜婷, 吴河勇, 等. 2010. 松辽盆地北部中浅层区域成岩规律及影响因素[J]. 古地理学报, 12(1): 97-106.

为了研究松辽盆地北部中浅层的区域成岩规律及其影响因素，将该区划分为9个成岩区。分别研究了各成岩区的成岩特征，应用流体包裹体均一温度、镜质组反射率、孢粉颜色指数、色谱—质谱分析、热解分析、有机酸测定、Ｘ衍射、普通薄片镜下鉴定、扫描电镜、电子探针、铸体薄片鉴定等资料分别划分了它们的成岩阶段。研究结果表明：松辽盆地北部中浅层的成岩作用具有 “ 东强西弱，古强新弱”的成岩规律，盆地东部的抬升剥蚀幅度大，地温梯度高，成岩作用强；盆地西部的抬升剥蚀幅度小，地温梯度低，成岩作用弱；泉三、四段的地层时代相对较老，在埋深相同的情况下，成岩时间较长，成岩作用相对较强。

... 线接触为主,整体处于中成岩阶段A期(孟元林等,2010) ...

2012

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阮壮, 朱筱敏, 何宇航, 等. 2012. 大庆长垣北部葡萄花上部油层高分辨率层序地层划分[J]. 沉积学报, 30(2): 301-309.

Daqing Placanticline was located in the central sag of Songliao Basin. Upper Putaohua oilbearing layer (PI) belongs to a part of the 3rd Member of Qingshankou Formation and 1st Member of Yaojia Formation. According to the data of logging, cores, seismic and highresolution sequence stratigraphy theory, the highprecision sequence stratigraphy framework has been established. The 3rd Member of Qingshankou Formation and the 1st Member of Yaojia Formation are combined to one long base level cycle, which was limited by flooding surfaces. The PI oilbearing layer is judged leaping over the transformation surface, which could be considered as one middle base level cycle and 14 short base level cycles inside.  Flooding surfaces are considered as marin surfaces of the middle term cycle in the study area, corresponding to the mudstone of front delta facies in top and bottom of PI oilbearing layer. Because of the stable spreading for this front delta mudstone, it is easy to track the surface of middle base level cycle. The transformation surface in the middle base level cycle corresponds to the unconformity between Qingshankou Formation and Yaojia Formation. The framework of highresolution sequence stratigraphy is established based on the understanding above. Based on the framework of highresolution sequence stratigraphy, several sections are established. Much bigger thickness of stratigrahpy and more shortterm base level cycles are found in southern of study area. According to the analysis of these highdense sections, three kinds of stratigraphy overriding models are proposed, includes active progradation model in low accommodation condition, forcing progradation model in lowest accommodation condition and congruence model of progradation and erosion.  The first model formed in lower accommodation space (A/S The second model formed in much lower accommodation space conditions (A/S PI43PI33 layers belong to the third model. With the continuous decline of the midterm base level, PI43, PI42 and PI41 layer showed progradation style, the ratio of sand increase to up. PI43PI33 layers in Saertu and Lamadian area were eroded after the tectonic uplifting in the northern area. These stratigraphy overriding models are the main facts causing the differences in stratigraphic thickness and number of shortterm cycles. The establishment of these deposition models is favor of the highprecision strata correlation in LaSaXing area, northern Daqing Placanticline.

China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249

应用高分辨率层序地层学以及沉积学相关理论，依据67口井的岩芯和8000口井的测井资料，将松辽盆地大庆长垣北部喇萨杏地区的葡萄花油组上部油层（PI油层）划分为1个受湖泛面限定的完整中期基准面旋回，并在其内部划分出10~14个短期基准面旋回，指出了PI油层在南北向上存在厚度以及短期旋回个数的差异。通过平行及垂直物源方向上的密井剖面分析并结合前人认识以及构造背景，认为葡I油层存在着三种不同的地层叠覆模式：低可容空间下的主动进积薄层叠覆模式；极低可容空间下的强迫进积过路沉积模式；侵蚀进积的叠合模式。该认知对于指导喇萨杏地区甚至整个长垣地区的高精度地层对比具有指导意义。

... 阮壮等,2012)的基础上,若将三级层序对应长期基准面旋回,松辽盆地中央坳陷泉三段和泉四段可分为2个中期旋回、6个短期旋回,综合考虑不同基准面旋回中曲流河、水上分流河道和水下分流河道3种微相河道主体砂体发育程度,下面以水下分流河道主体为例,探讨基准面旋回对碳酸盐胶结物分布的影响及控制机理 ...

2010

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孙致学, 孙治雷, 鲁洪江, 等. 2010. 砂岩储集层中碳酸盐胶结物特征: 以鄂尔多斯盆地中南部延长组为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 37(5): 543-551.

Abstract Authigenic carbonate cement is dominant in the Yanchang Formation sandstones of the middle and southern Ordos Basin. The main types of the carbonate cement are calcite, dolomite, ferrodolomite and ferrocalcite and the carbonate cement abundance decreases with depth increasing. Polarizing microscope and SEM reveal that carbonate cement occurs as pore-filling cement, replacement of feldspar, and thin rim surrounding the grains. The isotopic values of carbon and oxygen in the authigenic carbonates indicate that the precipitation of the carbonate cements was long, multi-phased, and varying in temperature. The origin of the substance for carbonate cements include the solution of the detrital carbonate, the illitization of smectite, the expelled fluid flow from the overlying shale, and the decomposition of the unstable dark-color minerals in reservoirs. The occluding of pores, the division of thick reservoir, the formation of calcium layers and the absence of solution of the carbonate cements significantly decrease the reservoir qualities all together. 摘要：自生碳酸盐矿物是鄂尔多斯盆地中南部延长组砂岩储集层中最重要的胶结物，其主要类型有方解石、铁方解石、白云石和铁白云石，在不同层位上分布类型有较大差别，总体含量随地层深度增加而递减。偏光显微镜及SEM研究表明，该区碳酸盐胶结物主要呈充填粒间孔隙、交代矿物以及泥微晶环边赋存。碳、氧同位素分析揭示各种类型自生碳酸盐胶结物具有多期次、长时间的沉淀过程，其沉淀温度范围也存在较大差异。该区碳酸盐胶结物的物质来源主要有海洋碳酸盐岩岩屑的后期溶解、蒙脱石的伊利石化、相邻泥岩的压释流体以及长石和暗色亚稳定矿物的溶解等。由于碳酸盐胶结物较大规模地堵塞了孔隙，在个别部位形成了分割储集层的致密钙质层，且缺乏后期溶解作用，使其成为延长组储集层致密超低渗的一个重要因素。图7表2参36

... 孙致学等,2010 ...

2011

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... 田亚铭等,2011) ...

2010

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... 王琪等,2010 ...

2007

0.0

王强, 袁桂邦, 张熟, 等. 2007. 渤海湾西岸贝壳堤堆积与海陆相互作用[J]. 第四纪研究, 27(5): 775-786.

On the muddy west coast of the Bohai Bay, two kinds of sandy bodies have been discovered. The first is the offshore bar formed in underwater area initially, which afterward under marine dynamic effect gradually accumulated on the inter-tidal zone and on the land with shoreline progradation. The other is the widespread shelly ridge (chenier). The initial shelly ridge is formed when the coast enters into its weak erosion phase. The present paper reports that when the shoreline progressing and sea-land interaction are stable, under the effect of wind- and wave-landward, the sandy body of the initial shelly ridge could be formed near the shoreline. Shelly accumulation on the coast in the studied area includes three types: The shelly ridge on the front margin of the abandoned delta lobe; the storm shelly accumulation on the head of tidal river gulf and/or the outer side of tidal channel (the shell could accumulate from the underwater area of channel to the low land continuously); irregular shelly accumulation on the low delta plain under the setting of spring tide or storm weathers. The shelly ridge includes the instantaneous/episodic high energy accumulation and that under the comprehensive activity of spring and wind-landward. The shelly ridge could not be used to interprete sea-level change because the shell dating and the system of beds in shelly ridge have shown that the formation process of shelly ridge is a complex re-accumulation. In the highly disturbed progressing process of the delta, the irregular shoreline could be formed. The effect of wind- and wave-landward for different topographic shoreline parts could thus cause the formation of shelly ridge which is unparallel to modern shoreline. Terminology of shelly ridge has been used at random, causing the study of shoreline change a simplified one. To use rigorous concept of shelly ridge, the deltaic lobe change could be precisely subdivided when event deposits have been excluded. When the study of shelly ridge is combined with the dating of delta top peat, the formation process of muddy coast could be precisely reconstructed.

①Tianjin Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Tianjin 300170; ②The Fourth Team of Hydrological and Engeneering Geology, Hebei Bureau of Geo-exploration, Cangzhou 061000; ③Marine Information Centre, National Marine Bureau, Tianjin 300171; ④College of Marine Geoscience, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003

渤海湾西岸淤泥质海岸已见两类砂体,滨外坝先形成于水下,而后随着海岸进积和在海洋动力作用下,逐渐出露于潮间带和陆地上; 另一种普遍出现的是具沿岸堤意义的贝壳堤,而且是在海岸进入弱侵蚀期即形成。研究发现,在海岸进积和海-陆相对稳定条件下,海岸线附近中潮坪-高潮坪受向岸风和波浪作用也可形成雏形贝壳堤砂体。目前研究区海岸上的贝壳堆积有3类,即:风暴潮堆积的沿岸堤型贝壳堤,主要堆积在中潮坪-高潮坪-滨海低平原上; 潮沟~潮汐河道型"贝壳堤",为潮汐河口湾顶或潮道外侧风暴贝壳堆积(自潮汐通道水下堆积延续到低地); 以及沿海低平原在大潮或风暴潮天气背景下出现的无序贝壳堆积。贝壳堤堆积既有风暴潮大浪瞬时、高能幕式堆积,又有大浪、向岸风综合作用下堆积的可能,贝壳测年及贝壳堤层序表明其形成是复杂的再堆积过程,不宜解释为海平面变化。在三角洲不均衡推进过程中,有可能形成不规则的海岸线,向岸风浪对不同地貌岸段的作用,可导致形成并非与现代海岸线平行的贝壳堤。贝壳堤术语的随意使用,已经造成海岸线变迁研究的简单化。严格使用沿岸堤的贝壳堤概念,可进一步划分三角洲叶瓣变迁,但是事件堆积必须剔除。将贝壳堤的研究与三角洲顶面泥炭测年相结合,可能更精确重塑海岸形成过程。

... 半深湖环境(王强等,2007),故靠近厚层湖相泥岩的储集层易于形成碳酸盐胶结物 ...

1990

0.0

... 最后,由于泥岩中黏土矿物转化为胶结作用提供钙质来源(王行信等,1990),且介壳类生物主要生长在潮下带的浅湖#cod#x02014 ...

2006

0.0

... 吴少波等,2006),而对不同沉积微相类型之间、同类沉积微相在基准面旋回不同阶段的碳酸盐胶结物分布的差异性探讨较少 ...

2005

0.0

... 吴素娟等,2005 ...

2007

0.0

... 4 基准面旋回对碳酸盐胶结物分布的影响及控制机理在前人对高分辨率层序地层研究(解习农,2007,2008 ...

2008

0.0

... 4 基准面旋回对碳酸盐胶结物分布的影响及控制机理在前人对高分辨率层序地层研究(解习农,2007,2008 ...

2010

0.0

... 泉头组上部主要发育长石岩屑砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩(修洪文,2010),胶结物以泥质和碳酸盐为主,并发育自生石英、长石和少量浊沸石及铁质胶结,胶结类型以孔隙式和基底式为主 ...

1994

0.0

徐北煤, 卢冰. 1994. 硅质碎屑岩中碳酸盐胶结物及其对储集层的控制作用的研究[J]. 沉积学报, 12(3): 56-66.

Siace the diagenetic carbonate is siliciclastic rocks was rather common in world range. The relationship between the diagenetic carbonate and organic matter decarboxy group is very closely,Since the relationship between formation of its secondary pore and organic resolve H + also is very closely. Its s important that diagenetic carbonate controled the reservoirs of oil and gas.The cemention of carbonate make primary pore completely filled up. The cemention of carbonate is not the same as compaction,press一solution. As the cempaction,press一solution as well as cemention of carbonate is the damage factors of the reservoir,but it's volume is reduced snout 1/2,however cemention of carbonate is also the damage of the reservoir under volcum is not changed. Therefore underwent solution later. It' s possible that formation of many secondary pore, it is improved character. Therefore, cemention of carbonate prived matters basis formated secondary pore later. At a time,organic matter can formated organic acid,with,underwent resolved into H + ,with not only can made carbonate of cemention to formated secondary soluton pore, but it also can made clastic feldspar,and lithoclast of deposition to formated seconddary soluted pore,largely changed character of the reservoir. As large decarboxylation and resolved forated priori to organic mature.Therefore the corrlation of migration,accumulation of the oil and gas later and formated prior to cemention of carbonate,secondary pore. On the one hand it can provides good thoroughfare after migration of oil and gas. On the other hand,it also can provides condition of seal (cemenion of carbonate ) in terms of worked for FS Depression,Auther good proved that some researched above bear fruit. Finally,author provided that if decarboxylation is leading, after organic matter tranfered into organic acid. Then Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ and Fe 2+ ion in clastic rock pore flow was more than liquid with,CO 2 , which underwent decarboxylation of }ganic acid,or qual. Then it can formated cemention of carbonaze,primary pore was choked up. If above assume is quite the, contrary. First of allformated the,cemention of carbonate,then surplus liquid with CO 2 can nnis solution of the carbonte to formated many secondary pore(formated diagjnetic trap) If resole H + of organic acid is leading.Then it can make carbonate and cemention of carbonate soluton and solution of clastic minerals to formated many secondary pore.

1 Zhejiang Institute of Petroleum Geology, Hangzhou, 310023; 2 The Second Institute of Ocenography of SOA, Hangzhou

次生孔隙形成的机制是地球化学家和岩石学家感兴趣的问题之一。硅质碎屑岩中的成岩碳酸盐胶结是世界各大油田极普遍的现象。这是因为这种碳酸盐与碎属矿物的水化作用和有机质将进入成熟期的脱羧基作用有关。脱水化作用所放出的Ｃａ２＋、Ｍｇ２＋和Ｆｅ２＋离子与脱羧基作用产生的ＣＯ２水溶液结合形成的碳酸盐胶结破坏储层。它与压实、压溶作用破坏储层是不同的。由于它充填于孔隙中，而整个岩石体积未减少，这为后来有机质转变为有机酸离析Ｈ＋和继续脱羧作用放出ＣＯ２水溶液进行溶解产生次生溶孔提供了物质基础。总的来说，成岩碳酸盐对研究油气的生成、运移和富集都有着实际的意义。

1991

0.0

... 2 碳酸盐胶结物类型碳酸盐胶结物是指碎屑岩中孔隙水过饱和沉淀的碳酸盐矿物,通常由方解石、白云石、含铁方解石、含铁白云石和菱铁矿等组成(姚光庆和李蕙生,1991 ...

2011

0.0

姚泾利, 王琪, 张瑞, 等. 2011. 鄂尔多斯盆地中部延长组砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物成因与分布规律研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 22(6): 943-950.

Through the multiple discipline methods of petrology,mineralogy and geochemistry,we try to elucidate the forming mechanism of carbonate cements at different phases,distribution and main controlling factor as well as reservoir effects in the Triassic Yanchang Fm.sandstones,which were deposited in the lacustrine center of Ordos basin,NW China.Three kinds of carbonate cements in these sandstones can be subdivided into early,middle and late phase according to their textural relation and composition.The early and late carbonate cements are dominant in the study area.The former is the product due to precipitation of ultrasaline lake water under normal temperature and pressure.The middle and late cements composed of ferrous calcites are closely related to water-rock interaction in the alkaline diagenetic fluid flow occurred at the A 2 period of late diagenetic stage.The carbon element in the early cements are dominantly sourced from the meteoric water or lacustrine carbonate layer,whereas the carbon incorporated into the middle and late cements may be mixed by organic carbon from decarboxylation.The dissolution of feldspathic grains provided the main calcium supply to the precipitation of middle and late cements.The spatial distribution shows that the early cements were dominant in the lacustrine facies mudstone with relatively heavy carbon isotopes,implying their inorganic origin.The middle and late cements with relatively lighter carbon isotopes in turbidite,sandy debris sand and delta frontier as well as delta plain sandstones would be formed within the alkaline diagenetic environment.The tendency of mixing of organic carbon in the carbonate cements at different phases indicates that the quantity of organic carbon would gradually enhance with increasing distance from the ancient lacustrine center.

1.Research Institute of Exploration & Development,Changqing Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Xi′an 710021,China; 2.Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;3.Liaoning University of Engineering and Technology,Fuxin 123000,China; 4.Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

通过岩石学、矿物学和地球化学等多学科交叉渗透的方法，来阐明不同期次碳酸盐胶结物的成因机理、分布规律和主控因素及其产生的储层效应。研究表明鄂尔多斯盆地中部延长组砂岩中，碳酸盐胶结物可分为早、中、晚3期，以早期和晚期为主。早期碳酸盐胶结物是在常温常压条件下，直接从过饱和的碱性湖水介质中析出的产物。而中晚期碳酸盐胶结物主要为含（亚）铁方解石，多形成于晚成岩阶段A 2 期，与碱性成岩流体中发生的水—岩相互作用关系密切。早期碳酸盐胶结物中碳主要来源于大气水中溶解的CO 2 和湖相原生碳酸盐岩的碳，而中晚期碳酸盐胶结物中，部分同位素组成较轻的碳可能受到有机碳影响；有机酸引起的长石类骨架颗粒溶解为中晚期碳酸盐胶结物形成提供了主要的钙源。不同期次碳酸盐胶结物空间分布具有一定规律性，主要表现在半深湖相中碳酸盐的碳\,氧同位素组成相对较重，主要为无机碳，多为早期碳酸盐；而砂质碎屑流、三角洲前缘和三角洲平原相的碳酸盐多为中晚期胶结物，为碱性成岩环境的产物。在其形成过程中存在有机碳的混入，并且随着离湖中心距离的增大，有机碳混入的比例也随之增大。

2007

0.0

... 张敏强等,2007 ...

2007

0.0

张庆国, 鲍志东, 那未红. 2007. 松辽盆地中央坳陷南部下白垩统泉头组四段沉积相[J]. 古地理学报, 9(3): 267-276.

The Songliao Basin is located in the Northeast China, where Daqing and Jilin oilfields were developed. At the period of the Member 4 of Quantou Formation of Lower Cretaceous in the southern Central Depression of the Songliao Basian, the basement subsided uniformly and slowly, and the topography of the basin was very flat, leading to the development of a delta at the setting of shallow water and a rapid rise in lake level. Base on studies of core, main facies markers and welllog facies,the reservoirs are mainly composed of lithic arkoses and feldspar litharenites. Three subfacies and nine microfacies were identified. The subfacies are delta plain, delta front and prodelta. The microfacies are distributary channels, levees, crevasse splays, interdistributary bays, subaqueous distributary channels, subaqueous crevasse splays, mouth bars, distal bars and subaqueous interdistributary bays. Delta plain and delta front were well developed, and prodelta was less developed. The distributary channel advanced toward the center of the lake over a long distance through filling deposition and branching channel frequently, and developed an obvious subaqueous distributary channel at the wide shallowwater delta front. The most oilrich reservoirs are compased of channel sand bodies which had cut and oversfacked each other. The average width of single sand body is 200 to 600 meters and its thickness is 3 to 8 meters. This study is an important foundation for further oilfield production adjustment and development.

1 Faculty of Resource and Information Technology, China University of Petroleum（Beijing), Beijing102249 2 College of Earth Sciences, Daqing Petroleum Institute, Daqing163318，Heilongjiang 3 The National Laboratory for Petroleum Resource and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing102249 4 Welllogging Company, CNPC Jilin Petroleum, Songyuan138000, Jilin 

松辽盆地中央坳陷南部下白垩统泉头组四段沉积时期，松辽盆地地形平缓，基底沉降缓慢，在湖平面整体扩张及浅水背景下河流入湖成三角洲沉积。通过岩心观察、相标志与测井相研究，该区储层主要为岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩，识别出三角洲平原、三角洲前缘、前角洲3种亚相，以及分支河道、天然堤、决口扇、分支河道间湾、水下分支河道、水下决口扇、河口坝、远沙坝、水下分支河道间湾9种微相三角洲平原、三角洲前缘广泛发育，前三角洲不发育。三角洲平原分支河道通过填积和频繁的分叉改道，向湖盆中心方向长距离推进，在三角前缘的浅水区域发育了大量水下分支河道，分支河道与水下分支河道砂体相互切割、叠加，形成了平均宽度200~600 m、平均厚度3~8 m的道单砂体，（水下）分支河道砂体构成了油气富集的主要储集体。该区沉积相的精细研究，为进一步调整开发井网奠定了基础。

... 其中,泉头组三、四段有完整的三角洲平原和三角洲前缘沉积亚相,主要发育曲流河河道主体、水上分流河道主体和水下分流河道主体3种沉积微相(张庆国等,2007 ...

2009

0.0

张永旺, 曾溅辉, 高霞, 等. 2009. 东营凹陷古近系储集层碳酸盐胶结物分布特征及主控因素[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 39(1): 16-22.

Carbonate cementation is the main type of cementation of sandstone reservoir of Dongying depression. Studies suggest that content of carbonate cementation gradually increases with the burial depth in Dongying depression. The relatively thick sand layer with carbonate cements is mainly distributed in Es 3 , followed by Es 1 and Es 2 . Calcareous sandstones in Es 4 are only seen in the small depression surrounding areas. Within Dongying depression, carbonate contents at the north steep slope belt, central rise belt, and south gentle slope belt are significantly different with the north belt contain more carbonate cements than the south belt. Under the same burial depth, the carbonate contents in the south and north are higher than that in central rise belt in Dongying depression. In faulting areas, carbonate contents are variable and dispersedly distributed, whereas in small depression areas, carbonate contents are of minor change and distributed in a roughly similar depth. The favorable facies belts for the deve-lopment of sandstone layers with carbonate cements include near-bank subaqueous fan, underwater alluvial fans and deep-water turbidite fans, and generally high carbonate contents in coarse grained sandstones. Under the same burial depth, the smaller thickness of the sandstone layer is, the stronger carbonate cementation is. When the sandstones are surrounded by carbonates or thick mudstones, then high carbonate contents will be found in the sandstones.

1.State Key Laboratory for Petroleum Resource and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;2.Basin & Reservoir Research Center, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;3.School of Earth Exploration and Information， China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;4.Beijing Aida Tiandi Geotechnical Corp., Ltd., Beijing 100083, China

碳酸盐胶结物是东营凹陷砂岩储层的主要胶结物。东营凹陷中的碳酸盐胶结物在纵向上随着埋藏深度的增加，含量具有逐渐增高的趋势，而且厚度较大的含碳酸盐胶结物砂层在层位上主要分布于沙三段，其次分布于沙一段和沙二段，在沙四段钙质砂岩层的分布仅出现于凹陷周边的少许地区。东营凹陷北部陡坡带、中部中央隆起带和南部斜坡带碳酸盐胶结物的含量存在较大的差异：北部陡坡带碳酸盐胶结物含量较南部斜坡带大，而且在相同埋藏深度条件下，北部和南部都比中部的碳酸盐含量要高;在断裂构造带，碳酸盐含量分布分散，含量范围跨度大，而在洼陷带分布深度一般比较集中，含量范围跨度小。碳酸盐胶结物砂岩层发育的有利相带为近岸水下扇、水下冲积扇、深水浊积扇等分选较差的沉积相;而且碳酸盐总体表现为在粒度粗的砂岩中含量较高。在相同埋深条件下，砂岩层的厚度越小，碳酸盐胶结作用越强。当砂岩层围岩为碳酸盐岩或厚的泥岩时，在砂岩层内部易形成高碳酸盐含量、胶结作用强烈的含碳酸盐胶结物。

1989

0.0

... 菱铁矿主要是由二价铁离子构成,往往代表着偏还原环境的水下沉积,因此在地表主要形成于泥炭沼泽中,在地下则发育在富含有机质的沉积中(郑浚茂和庞明,1989) ...

2001

0.0

... 在长期旋回内部,根据岩心及测井曲线变化特征(郑荣才等,2001),可进一步划分为2个中期基准面旋回、6个短期旋回(图 2) ...

1998

0.0

... ,1987),广泛分布于碎屑岩储集层中,其通过影响储集层非均质性造成储集层流体渗流差异(Morad,1998),从而成为剩余油分布的主控因素之一,故碳酸盐胶结物在碎屑岩储集层中的分布特征及控制机理的研究对油气田勘探开发具有非常重要的现实意义,并引起国内外学者广泛关注 ...

1987

0.0

... 碳酸盐胶结物作为成岩作用过程中重要的矿物之一(Pettijohn et al ...