龙江盆地西缘中侏罗统万宝组物源分析:来自碎屑锆石年代学和岩石地球化学的制约<sup>*</sup>

张渝金, 张超, 吴新伟, 谭红艳, 马永非, 李伟, 汪岩. (2019)龙江盆地西缘中侏罗统万宝组物源分析:来自碎屑锆石年代学和岩石地球化学的制约^* [J]. 古地理学报, 21(3): 490-504
Zhang Yu-Jin, Zhang Chao, Wu Xin-Wei, Tan Hong-Yan, Ma Yong-Fei, Li Wei, Wang Yan. (2019)Provenance analysis of the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation on western edge of Longjiang Basin: Constraints from detrital Zircon ages and geochemistry characteristics[J]. Journal Of Palaeogeography, 21(3): 490-504. 复制到剪切板

Doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2019.03.031
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龙江盆地西缘中侏罗统万宝组物源分析:来自碎屑锆石年代学和岩石地球化学的制约^*

张渝金, 张超, 吴新伟, 谭红艳, 马永非, 李伟, 汪岩

中国地质调查局沈阳地质调查中心,辽宁沈阳 110034

第一作者简介张渝金,男,1984年生,高级工程师,从事地层学及沉积环境等研究。E-mail: syzhangyujin@163.com。

收稿日期:2018-05-02

基金资助:*国家自然科学青年基金项目(编号: 41702032)和中国地质调查局项目(编号: DD20160048-04,DD20190039,DD20190042,DD20190360)联合资助

摘要

龙江盆地是新厘定的松辽盆地外围中新生代盆地之一。有关该盆地中的沉积物特征及物源区大地构造背景是亟待解决的问题之一。通过对龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组碎屑岩的砂岩碎屑组分、重矿物组合、岩石地球化学及锆石 U- Pb年代学等进行研究,可以推测出物源的相关特征: ( 1)砂岩碎屑组分和重矿物组合反映了万宝组母岩以中酸性岩浆岩和中—低级变质岩为主、含有少量中基性岩浆岩的特点;( 2)地球化学特征显示,龙江盆地万宝组沉积物轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损,配分曲线表现出平缓的右倾模式,微量元素呈规律性变化,富集高场强元素( HFSE) Cs、 Th、 U,亏损 Nb、 P和 Ti,具有与上地壳相似的地球化学特征;( 3)碎屑锆石显示 4组年龄峰值,主要峰值为 167.5 Ma,次要峰值为 236.4 Ma、 309.1 Ma和 363.2 Ma,反映了万宝组沉积物具有多物源的特点,母岩主要来自于中侏罗世火山岩,其次来自于晚泥盆世—三叠纪的岩浆活动产物。综合分析认为,龙江盆地万宝组的物源具有长英质和中性火山岩特征,大部分来自于上地壳,原岩形成于活动大陆边缘背景下的大陆岛弧环境,中侏罗世沉积演化可能受到与古太平洋板块俯冲作用和蒙古—鄂霍茨克缝合带演化双重作用的影响。该研究成果可为龙江盆地沉积演化分析和古地理环境恢复提供重要依据。

关键词: 龙江盆地; 中侏罗统; 万宝组; 岩石地球化学; 重矿物; 碎屑锆石; 物源分析

中图分类号:P512 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1671-1505(2019)03-0490-15

Provenance analysis of the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation on western edge of Longjiang Basin: Constraints from detrital Zircon ages and geochemistry characteristics

Zhang Yu-Jin, Zhang Chao, Wu Xin-Wei, Tan Hong-Yan, Ma Yong-Fei, Li Wei, Wang Yan

Shenyang Center of Geological Survey,China Geological Survey,Shenyang 110034,China

About the first author: Zhang Yu-Jin,born in 1984,is a senior engineer in Shenyang Center of Geological Survey. He is mainly engaged in stratigraphy and sedimentary environment. E-mail: syzhangyujin@163.com.

Fund:[Co-funded by the Young Scientists Foundation of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41702032) and the projects of China Geological Survey(Nos. DD20160048-04,DD20190039,DD20190042,DD20190360)]

Abstract

Longjiang Basin is one of the newly established Meso-Cenozoic basins in the periphery area of the Songliao Basin. Analysis on clastic components of sandstones,heavy mineral combination,rock geochemistry and zircon U-Pb ages,and related comprehensive research of clastic rocks from the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin,were carried out in this paper. The combination of sandstone clastic components and heavy minerals reflects that the mother rocks of the Wanbao Formation are mainly middle acid magmatic rocks and low grade metamorphic rocks,followed by a small number of medium basic magmatic rocks. Geochemical characteristics of sediment materials from the Wanbao Formation show that they are enriched in LREEs and depletion in HREEs,with a right-dipping signature. Meanwhile,they are enriched with(HFSE)Cs,Th,U,depletion of Nb,P,and Ti,which have similar geochemical characteristics of the Upper Crust. Detrital zircon shows four age peaks,the main peak is 167.5 Ma,the secondary peak ages are 236.4 Ma,309.1 Ma and 309.1 Ma,which reflect the multi-source characteristics of sediments in the Wanbao Formation. These sediments are mainly from the Middle Jurassic volcanic rocks,followed by products from the Late Devonian-Triassic magmatic activities. The comprehensive analysis shows that the sediments of the Wanbao Formation in the Longjiang basin have the characteristics of acid and neutral volcanic sources,most of which come from the upper crust. The primary rocks of the Wanbao Formation are formed in continental island arc environment under the background of active continental margin background. The Middle Jurassic of the Longjiang Basin may be affected by the dual effects of the subduction of the paleo-Pacific plate and the evolution of the Mongolian-Okhotsk suture zone.

Key words: Longjiang Basin; Middle Jurassic; Wanbao Formation; petrogeochemistry; heavy minerals; detrital zircons; provenance analysis

文章图片

龙江盆地位于内蒙古东部扎赉特旗与黑龙江西部龙江县交界, 是新厘定的松辽盆地外围中新生代盆地之一(陈树旺等, 2013; 丁秋红等, 2013)。目前, 有关龙江盆地沉积基底、盖层特点、沉积物特征及物源区大地构造背景等, 是亟待解决的科学问题。物源分析是盆地分析的重要组成部分, 不仅可为“ 解读” 沉积物搬运过程、源区特点、古气候、古地貌及岩石组合类型等提供依据(赵红格和刘池洋, 2003; 张志萍等, 2008; 杨仁超等, 2013), 而且是探索盆地演化及其动力学过程的一项重要内容。沉积岩地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学分析作为物源分析的基本手段, 能够较好地揭示沉积物的沉积时代、物源性质、沉积环境以及构造背景(陈全红等, 2009; 杨梅等, 2018)。文中以龙江盆地西缘中侏罗统万宝组为研究对象, 通过岩相学、岩石地球化学及碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学研究, 揭示龙江盆地中侏罗世的沉积环境, 并探讨其物源特征和物源区大地构造背景, 从而为研究龙江盆地沉积演化及古地理环境恢复提供重要依据。

1 区域地质背景

龙江盆地位于大兴安岭中段东坡, 处于兴安地块和松嫩地块的缝合区(贺根山— 扎赉特— 嫩江— 黑河缝合带)(图 1-a), 是古亚洲洋、蒙古— 鄂藿茨克海和环太平洋体系的转换地带(李永飞等, 2013)。该盆地是发育在海西期浅变质基底上、以中侏罗世生油层系为主的小型断陷湖盆(图 1-b), 长约110km, 宽15~40km, 平均宽为25km, 面积约1692km², 其中盆地的南部坳陷区呈NNE向展布, 长约30km, 宽约20km。龙江盆地内断裂发育, 形成北东向正断层, 并呈阶梯状向盆地深凹方向倾斜, 造成盆地西缓东陡、南深北浅的构造格局(李永飞等, 2013)。古生代地层为龙江盆地的基底, 主要为一套浅变质的海相— 陆相沉积地层; 中生代地层为盆地盖层, 自下而上为下三叠统老龙头组(T₁l), 中侏罗统万宝组(J₂wb), 下白垩统龙江组(K₁l)、光华组(K₁gh)和甘河组(K₁g)(图 1-c)。

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	图 1 龙江盆地地质简图及采样位置(b图据李永飞等, 2013, 有修改)Fig.1 Geological map and sampling location map of Longjiang Basin(map b modified from Li et al., 2013)

龙江盆地西缘广泛发育的中侏罗统万宝组为本次研究的主要层位, 其岩石组合可分为下、中、上3段: 下段岩性为凝灰质砂砾岩、砾岩夹粉砂岩; 中段为火山碎屑岩和细碎屑岩互层, 含煤层和植物化石; 上段为粗碎屑岩夹煤线。与下伏晚古生代地层呈角度不整合接触(或断层接触), 上被下白垩统龙江组火山岩不整合覆盖。

2 样品特征及测试

岩石薄片样品采自于山泉林场、小湾四队和爱国村附近(图 1-c), 重矿物、地球化学和同位素样品主要采自于内蒙古扎兰屯市蘑菇气镇爱国村天然露头剖面(图 1-c; 图 2), 主要岩性为砂砾岩、细砂岩、粉砂岩等。岩石组合和沉积构造特征显示, 其发育由粗变细的序列, 每个层序下部均为复成分细砾岩, 向上逐渐变细, 上部为薄层粉砂岩或泥岩夹薄层凝灰岩, 推测为冲积扇沉积, 并伴随几次弱的火山喷发作用。测试样品岩性主要为细砂岩(图 3)。

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	图 2 龙江盆地爱国村野外露头剖面、地层柱状图及样品采集Fig.2 Field section of Aiguo village and stratigraphic column in Longjiang Basin

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	图 3 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组细砂岩显微特征 a— 黄绿色长石岩屑细砂岩, MGQ01, 单偏光; b— 黄褐色长石岩屑细砂岩, MGQ04, 单偏光Fig.3 Photographs of fine sandstone of the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin

2.1 重矿物分析

在爱国村露头剖面共采集7件新鲜细砂岩作为重矿物样品。为了获得足够的重矿物数量, 每件样品重量均超过1.5kg。人工重砂样品在河北省区域地质矿产调查研究所实验室进行挑选分析, 破碎样品据重量分别采用摇床和手工淘洗, 选用了碰选、电碰选、重液选、介电选, 使其最大程度地分离和聚集, 然后在镜下提纯, 纯度达到98%以上。

2.2 岩石地球化学分析

主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素测试在国土资源部东北矿产资源监督检测中心完成, 整个过程均在无污染设备中进行。主量元素测试采用X射线荧光光谱法(XRF), 微量元素测试采用电感耦合等离子质谱法(ICP-MS)。主量元素测试精度和准确度优于5%, 微量元素测试精度和准确度优于10%(张渝金等, 2015)。

2.3 锆石 U-Pb 测年分析

样品的破碎和锆石的分选由河北省区域地质矿产研究所实验室完成。样品制靶和锆石阴极发光图像在中国地质科学院北京离子探针中心完成。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年在中国科学院海洋研究所大洋岩石圈与地幔动力学实验室进行。本次实验所采用的仪器为Agilent 7900型电感耦合等离子质谱(ICP-MS)及与之配套的 Photon Machine激光剥蚀系统。激光剥蚀所用斑束直径为35μ m, 频率为8 Hz, 能量密度约为4.24 J/cm², 以He为载气。以NIST610作为外部标准, 以²⁹Si作为内部标准, 并采用哈佛大学国际标准锆石91500作为质量控制。

3 测试结果

3.1 砂岩碎屑组分分析

共选取12件细砂岩样品进行砂岩碎屑组分分析。分析结果(图 4)表明, 龙江盆地万宝组砂岩主要为岩屑砂岩, 含少量的长石岩屑砂岩。砂岩主要由岩屑、石英和长石组成, 岩屑含量较高, 为30%~45%, 石英含量为40%~45%, 长石含量较少, 为5%~10%, 填隙物的含量为 5%~15%。岩石分选性较好, 磨圆度较低— 中等, 少量次圆状, 杂基支撑, 泥质胶结, 砂岩成分成熟度及结构成熟度均较低, 搬运痕迹不明显, 推测龙江盆地万宝组砂岩距母岩区较近, 具近源沉积特征。镜下鉴定表明, 龙江盆地万宝组砂岩中的岩屑主要为流纹岩、石英岩、脉岩、玄武安山岩、安山岩及少量泥质岩和变质岩, 说明该地区砂岩具有较为复杂的母岩类型。

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	图 4 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组砂岩分类图解Fig.4 Classification diagram of the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin

3.2 重矿物分析

重矿物因其耐磨蚀并具有较高的稳定性、能够较多地保留母岩的特征, 所以在各时代沉积物物源分析研究中得到广泛应用(Dill, 1998; Damiani and Giorgetti, 2008; Giorgetti et al., 2009)。由于各种类型的母岩所含矿物组分不同, 经剥蚀之后的风化产物具有不同的重矿物组合, 因此根据重矿物的组合特征能有效地反映出母岩类型(闫臻等, 2008; 郑勇和孔屏, 2013; 李双应等, 2014; 朱志军和郭福生, 2017)。据Pettijohn(1975)分析, 重矿物大多具有某种特殊类型母岩的判断标志(表 1)。

表 1 碎屑岩矿物组合与母岩类型的关系(据Pettijohn, 1975) Table1 Relationship between clastic mineral assemblages and mother rock types(after Pettijohn, 1975)

重矿物统计结果显示, 研究区部分样品具有赤褐铁矿和黄铁矿, 主要为沉积成因, 应为沉积岩再旋回物源。其他碎屑重矿物主要为锆石、磷灰石、金红石和白钛石等(表 2)。锆石分布在所有的样品中, 含量平均为19.99%, 整体呈浅黄粉色— 黄粉色, 半自形、次圆柱状、断柱状、次圆柱粒状, 透明, 金刚光泽, 表面较光滑, 断口有溶磨痕迹, 磨圆度较低— 中等, 分选性好, 搬运痕迹不明显, 推测该类锆石距母岩区较近。磷灰石也基本分布在所有样品中, 无色, 半自形柱状、次滚圆柱状、粒状, 透明, 玻— 毛玻光泽, 中硬度, 粒径0.02~0.25mm。金红石和白钛石主要分布在MGQ04、MGQ05和AGTW01样品中, 前者整体呈棕红色, 次滚圆柱状、次棱角块状, 微透明, 油脂光泽, 高硬度, 粒径0.02~0.2mm; 后者整体呈灰色, 次滚圆状、滚圆状、扁粒状, 不透明, 瓷状光泽, 中硬度, 粒径0.02~0.2mm。

表 2 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组碎屑岩重矿物析结果 Table2 Results of mineral analysis of clastic rocks from the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin

万宝组重矿物组合特征反映其母岩是以锆石、磷灰石、电气石为代表的中酸性岩浆岩和以绿帘石、石榴子石、绿泥石、白钛石组合为代表的中、低级变质岩为主, 含有少量以锐钛矿、磁铁矿、铬铁矿等矿物组合为代表的中— 基性岩浆岩。

3.3 地球化学分析

3.3.1 主量元素

测试结果(表 3)表明, 研究区万宝组砂岩样品的SiO₂含量在55.40%~78.40%之间, 平均为67.96%; Al₂O₃含量在11.40%~18.96%, 平均为15.83%; MgO含量在0.05%~0.56%之间, 平均0.32%; FeO含量在0.16%~0.28%之间, 平均0.21%; MgO和FeO的含量普遍较低。据上述结果, 推测母岩可能大部分来自于上地壳。

表 3 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组砂岩的主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素分析结果 Table3 Analysis results of major elements, trace elements and REE of sandstone from the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin

样品号	MGQ01YQ1	MGQ02YQ1	MGQ03YQ1	MGQ03YQ2	MGQ04YQ1	MGQ05YQ1	MGQ06YQ1
SiO₂	67.62	55.40	68.31	68.89	71.08	66.02	78.40
Na₂O	4.19	9.77	5.00	4.93	3.52	3.48	3.50
MgO	0.42	0.05	0.36	0.41	0.36	0.56	0.09
Al₂O₃	16.77	18.96	16.45	16.83	15.57	14.80	11.40
P₂O₅	0.25	0.04	0.18	0.20	0.24	0.23	0.02
K₂O	2.82	0.86	2.54	2.60	2.63	2.84	0.77
CaO	1.05	0.48	0.82	0.82	0.98	0.83	0.57
TiO₂	0.94	0.22	0.76	0.85	0.93	0.82	0.09
MnO	0.04	0.07	0.01	0.02	0.03	0.15	0.01
Fe₂O₃	2.77	5.84	1.82	1.21	1.78	6.79	1.02
FeO	0.22	0.08	0.27	0.22	0.23	0.16	0.28
LOI	3.09	7.92	3.20	3.02	2.47	3.08	4.09
总量	100.19	99.69	99.73	100.00	99.83	99.76	100.23
Y	24.33	11.57	16.47	16.41	23.08	22.55	11.35
La	32.01	45.28	29.95	31.71	33.89	26.10	14.49
Ce	63.72	88.13	58.28	60.48	67.30	51.79	25.62
Pr	8.48	9.96	7.56	7.76	8.69	6.92	3.38
Nd	34.27	33.77	28.57	29.50	34.26	27.01	11.82
Sm	6.52	5.59	4.96	5.09	6.36	5.22	2.36
Eu	1.59	0.78	1.30	1.30	1.63	1.44	0.58
Gd	5.26	4.30	3.48	3.57	4.90	4.08	1.49
Tb	0.84	0.59	0.54	0.57	0.77	0.72	0.30
Dy	4.68	2.72	3.07	3.07	4.22	4.11	1.79
Ho	0.92	0.48	0.62	0.62	0.86	0.84	0.38
Er	2.41	1.20	1.66	1.66	2.34	2.26	0.96
Tm	0.40	0.22	0.30	0.30	0.39	0.39	0.21
Yb	2.64	1.26	1.88	1.94	2.48	2.48	1.24
Lu	0.41	0.19	0.28	0.29	0.39	0.39	0.20
La/Yb	12.13	35.80	15.96	16.35	13.68	10.52	11.69
􀰐REE	164.17	194.47	142.44	147.87	168.48	133.77	64.81
􀰐LREE	146.61	183.51	130.61	135.84	152.13	118.49	58.24
􀰐HREE	17.56	10.96	11.83	12.03	16.34	15.28	6.57
B	75.29	17.89	40.15	26.56	41.98	28.67	14.14
Sc	13.07	8.61	12.46	12.53	12.44	16.01	4.39
Co	10.92	7.07	4.36	5.26	8.86	12.31	2.23
Ni	25.68	28.34	9.41	9.04	12.67	39.90	2.52
Cs	4.17	13.56	5.19	4.75	3.87	3.68	5.37
Hf	5.77	5.41	4.88	5.23	6.44	6.10	3.07
Ta	1.02	6.10	1.36	1.67	1.16	1.02	0.93
Th	7.81	29.49	10.23	9.10	6.12	8.79	3.60
U	2.83	2.46	2.09	2.07	2.36	2.23	1.87
As	9.44	56.25	17.69	7.26	7.82	13.97	33.89
Sb	0.42	0.92	0.39	0.28	0.38	0.46	0.36
Hg	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Bi	0.26	0.74	0.21	0.19	0.13	0.12	0.23
Ba	679.01	230.27	666.05	690.69	735.36	733.65	472.78
Cr	42.19	3.20	34.85	36.24	37.71	35.81	5.63
Cu	39.87	6.29	25.07	21.75	23.17	27.91	4.29
Ga	17.99	18.76	15.13	15.84	16.10	16.77	9.23
Nb	17.24	2.81	10.42	11.87	12.60	12.06	6.95
Rb	72.84	28.88	63.86	66.02	67.71	70.82	20.35
Sr	445.89	81.46	434.88	470.07	455.89	344.68	116.61
V	75.93	26.22	66.67	66.89	73.75	87.91	7.51
Zr	208.57	98.71	177.04	194.68	226.80	231.28	85.89

注: 样品由国土资源部东北矿产资源监督检测中心分析, 常量元素质量分数单位为%, 稀土及微量元素质量分数单位为μ g/g。

3.3.2 微量元素

万宝组碎屑岩微量元素测试结果见表 3。微量元素地壳标准化曲线(图 5-a)显示, 研究区微量元素呈规律性变化, 富集高场强元素(HFSE)Cs、Th、U, 亏损Nb、P和Ti。标准化曲线特征与大陆上地壳相似, 说明碎屑岩主要来自于上地壳。

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	图 5 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组砂岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素和微量元素配分曲线Fig.5 REE and trace elements patterns for sandstones from the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin

3.3.3 稀土元素

由于稀土元素具有稳定性的特点, 且源区物质在搬运过程中主要呈颗粒状态搬运, 因此其与沉积环境和成岩作用等均无密切关系, 主要受物源区岩石成分的影响, 是示踪物源区构造背景的最好标志之一。万宝组碎屑岩稀土元素测试结果(表 3)和稀土元素配分模式(图 5-b)显示, 研究区万宝组沉积物轻稀土元素富集, 重稀土元素亏损, 配分曲线表现出平缓的右倾模式, 与上地壳稀土元素的富集特征相似。

3.4 碎屑锆石分析

笔者在万宝组上段采集了岩屑细砂岩(AGTW01)进行碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学分析。共获得70粒碎屑锆石年龄(表 4), 显示4组年龄峰值, 分别为167.5± 2.5Ma、236.4± 2.1Ma、309.1± 6.0Ma和363.2± 7.2Ma(图 6-a, 6-b), 反映出万宝组砂岩沉积物具有多物源的特点。单颗粒锆石分析和CL图像表明, 万宝组碎屑锆石整体表现为半自形、次圆柱状, 表面较光滑, 断口有溶磨痕迹, 磨圆度较低至中等, 分选性好, 搬运痕迹不大明显, 具有与母岩区较近的特点。

表 4 龙江盆地万宝组细砂岩样品(AGTW01)LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb分析结果 Table4 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results for fine sandstone samples(AGTW01)from Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin

样品名	组成/μ g· g^-1		Th/U	同位素比值						年龄/Ma
	Th	U		²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ
AGTW01-1	232.62	290.87	0.80	0.0506	0.0019	0.2547	0.0084	0.0362	0.0006	233.4	77.2	230.4	6.8	229.0	3.5
AGTW01-2	841.31	906.51	0.93	0.0493	0.0015	0.1784	0.0049	0.0261	0.0004	164.9	88.9	166.7	4.2	166.0	2.6
AGTW01-3	350.90	384.29	0.91	0.0568	0.0021	0.3100	0.0116	0.0391	0.0006	483.4	67.6	274.2	9.0	247.3	3.9
AGTW01-4	168.65	243.48	0.69	0.0516	0.0015	0.3703	0.0110	0.0518	0.0009	333.4	47.2	319.9	8.2	325.7	5.7
AGTW01-5	165.06	174.35	0.95	0.0562	0.0020	0.3693	0.0135	0.0484	0.0011	461.2	60.2	319.1	10.0	304.9	7.0
AGTW01-6	131.67	301.24	0.44	0.0565	0.0046	0.3617	0.0285	0.0472	0.0018	472.3	75.0	313.5	21.3	297.1	10.9
AGTW01-7	179.42	261.31	0.69	0.0549	0.0044	0.2023	0.0140	0.0275	0.0008	409.3	181.5	187.1	11.8	174.9	5.2
AGTW01-8	106.32	131.35	0.81	0.0543	0.0025	0.3501	0.0155	0.0480	0.0011	388.9	186.1	304.8	11.6	302.1	6.6
AGTW01-9	64.81	77.79	0.83	0.0530	0.0051	0.2716	0.0224	0.0386	0.0017	327.8	105.5	244.0	17.9	244.2	10.6
AGTW01-10	226.04	152.28	1.48	0.0843	0.0047	0.2934	0.0165	0.0255	0.0007	1299.1	215.7	261.3	13.0	162.1	4.2
AGTW01-11	220.95	326.11	0.68	0.0739	0.0024	0.6020	0.0213	0.0586	0.0013	1038.9	109.3	478.5	13.5	367.1	7.8
AGTW01-12	232.84	525.57	0.44	0.0526	0.0013	0.3001	0.0075	0.0413	0.0007	309.3	66.7	266.5	5.9	261.1	4.4
AGTW01-13	67.80	111.72	0.61	0.0529	0.0027	0.1860	0.0084	0.0267	0.0006	324.1	55.6	173.2	7.2	169.7	3.7
AGTW01-14	128.65	213.69	0.60	0.0488	0.0018	0.1758	0.0069	0.0261	0.0005	200.1	112.0	164.4	5.9	166.3	3.2
AGTW01-15	102.45	206.42	0.50	0.0559	0.0025	0.3815	0.0158	0.0497	0.0012	450.0	88.9	328.2	11.6	312.8	7.2
AGTW01-16	138.64	308.28	0.45	0.0574	0.0020	0.3863	0.0131	0.0484	0.0008	505.6	98.1	331.7	9.6	304.6	5.1
AGTW01-17	295.08	316.92	0.93	0.0572	0.0024	0.2017	0.0074	0.0262	0.0005	501.9	77.8	186.6	6.3	166.5	3.2
AGTW01-18	144.04	187.96	0.77	0.0673	0.0016	1.1245	0.0277	0.1206	0.0020	855.6	92.6	765.1	13.2	734.2	11.8
AGTW01-19	224.86	234.60	0.96	0.0503	0.0024	0.1723	0.0066	0.0256	0.0005	209.3	48.1	161.4	5.7	162.9	3.2
AGTW01-20	44.19	64.98	0.68	0.0503	0.0024	0.3346	0.0155	0.0495	0.0011	209.3	113.9	293.0	11.8	311.5	6.8
AGTW01-21	233.09	150.58	1.55	0.0540	0.0036	0.1866	0.0133	0.0255	0.0008	368.6	108.3	173.7	11.3	162.2	5.1
AGTW01-22	122.65	150.30	0.82	0.0486	0.0062	0.1603	0.0160	0.0256	0.0012	127.9	153.7	150.9	14.0	162.9	7.3
AGTW01-23	42.96	68.97	0.62	0.0557	0.0030	0.3550	0.0173	0.0479	0.0010	438.9	338.8	308.4	13.0	301.7	6.4
AGTW01-24	291.43	406.09	0.72	0.0509	0.0016	0.2983	0.0093	0.0427	0.0007	239.0	122.2	265.1	7.3	269.4	4.6
AGTW01-25	195.30	286.20	0.68	0.0490	0.0042	0.1728	0.0135	0.0256	0.0008	146.4	72.2	161.8	11.7	163.1	5.1
AGTW01-26	109.75	107.60	1.02	0.0672	0.0044	0.3080	0.0178	0.0344	0.0009	855.6	198.1	272.7	13.8	218.2	5.5
AGTW01-27	196.78	344.77	0.57	0.0574	0.0015	0.4579	0.0125	0.0575	0.0010	509.3	137.0	382.8	8.7	360.4	6.3
AGTW01-28	107.55	278.01	0.39	0.0568	0.0020	0.3777	0.0132	0.0479	0.0008	483.4	54.6	325.4	9.8	301.5	4.8
AGTW01-29	71.56	170.06	0.42	0.0631	0.0120	0.2231	0.0445	0.0256	0.0006	722.2	47.2	204.5	36.9	163.2	3.9
AGTW01-30	269.13	432.28	0.62	0.0510	0.0018	0.1817	0.0066	0.0257	0.0005	242.7	408.3	169.5	5.6	163.8	2.9
AGTW01-31	169.27	149.46	1.13	0.0892	0.0040	0.4396	0.0224	0.0354	0.0007	1409.3	76.8	370.0	15.8	224.5	4.4
AGTW01-32	482.94	223.97	2.16	0.0791	0.0089	0.2713	0.0270	0.0256	0.0015	1173.8	86.0	243.7	21.6	162.7	9.5
AGTW01-33	100.06	97.05	1.03	0.0559	0.0024	0.2732	0.0111	0.0361	0.0007	455.6	225.2	245.2	8.9	228.9	4.3
AGTW01-34	228.10	232.19	0.98	0.0531	0.0021	0.1824	0.0067	0.0254	0.0005	344.5	94.4	170.1	5.8	162.0	3.2
AGTW01-35	97.70	96.71	1.01	0.0542	0.0025	0.2825	0.0131	0.0383	0.0008	388.9	97.2	252.6	10.4	242.4	4.8
AGTW01-36	456.49	368.14	1.24	0.0511	0.0014	0.238	0.0066	0.0339	0.0006	255.6	66.7	217.1	5.4	215.0	4.0
AGTW01-37	94.96	107.89	0.88	0.0617	0.0047	0.2119	0.0147	0.0256	0.0008	664.8	160.2	195.2	12.3	163.1	4.8
AGTW01-38	122.90	169.70	0.72	0.0576	0.0031	0.2088	0.0112	0.0265	0.0006	516.7	120.4	192.5	9.4	168.5	3.5
AGTW01-39	178.09	249.69	0.71	0.0528	0.0032	0.1836	0.0104	0.0255	0.0006	320.4	137.0	171.1	8.9	162.5	4.0
AGTW01-40	1509.74	730.38	2.07	0.0722	0.0030	0.2578	0.0110	0.0257	0.0006	991.7	83.8	232.9	8.9	163.6	3.6
AGTW01-41	110.27	159.76	0.69	0.0612	0.0029	0.2190	0.0101	0.0272	0.0012	655.6	101.8	201.1	8.4	173.1	7.8
AGTW01-42	112.07	225.72	0.50	0.0510	0.0014	0.3453	0.0098	0.0487	0.0007	239.0	64.8	301.2	7.4	306.7	4.6
AGTW01-43	61.78	65.08	0.95	0.0887	0.0054	0.5904	0.0337	0.0492	0.0011	1398.2	116.5	471.1	21.5	309.8	6.8
AGTW01-44	51.98	59.95	0.87	0.0747	0.0130	0.2539	0.0398	0.0258	0.0014	1061.1	356.0	229.8	32.2	164.2	8.5
AGTW01-45	329.11	434.87	0.76	0.0554	0.0015	0.3918	0.0106	0.0508	0.0009	427.8	59.3	335.7	7.7	319.4	5.4
AGTW01-46	133.27	191.80	0.69	0.0514	0.0018	0.2598	0.0089	0.0366	0.0007	257.5	84.2	234.5	7.2	231.7	4.2
AGTW01-47	81.17	106.10	0.77	0.0528	0.0026	0.2626	0.0125	0.0366	0.0008	320.4	113.9	236.8	10.1	231.7	4.9
AGTW01-48	133.24	156.97	0.85	0.0664	0.0036	0.3614	0.0194	0.0393	0.0009	820.4	113.7	313.3	14.5	248.7	5.4
AGTW01-49	49.85	57.58	0.87	0.0574	0.0031	0.3823	0.0201	0.0491	0.0012	509.3	123.1	328.8	14.7	309.1	7.4
AGTW01-50	101.37	151.84	0.67	0.0568	0.0032	0.2127	0.0121	0.0273	0.0006	483.4	128.7	195.8	10.1	173.9	4.0
AGTW01-51	64.99	149.28	0.44	0.0785	0.0048	0.5300	0.0346	0.0483	0.0015	1159.0	121.4	431.8	23.0	303.9	9.2
AGTW01-52	112.56	124.89	0.90	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000	0.0000
AGTW01-53	907.61	627.07	1.45	0.0579	0.0015	0.3704	0.0112	0.0462	0.0011	524.1	52.8	319.9	8.3	291.1	6.5
AGTW01-54	232.47	250.80	0.93	0.0549	0.0029	0.2131	0.0110	0.0281	0.0006	405.6	116.7	196.1	9.2	178.6	3.8
AGTW01-55	198.28	287.13	0.69	0.0541	0.0015	0.4358	0.0127	0.0582	0.0010	376.0	56.5	367.3	9.0	364.9	6.2
AGTW01-56	62.45	60.21	1.04	0.0717	0.0020	0.3509	0.0100	0.0356	0.0005	975.9	56.6	305.4	7.5	225.5	3.2
AGTW01-57	453.56	435.89	1.04	0.0500	0.0023	0.1794	0.0076	0.0270	0.0006	194.5	109.2	167.6	6.6	171.9	3.6
AGTW01-58	145.89	189.78	0.77	0.0582	0.0033	0.1958	0.0102	0.0256	0.0006	538.9	124.1	181.6	8.7	162.8	3.8
AGTW01-59	90.56	114.25	0.79	0.0573	0.0013	0.4307	0.0108	0.0546	0.0009	501.9	51.8	363.7	7.7	342.6	5.6
AGTW01-60	158.89	172.65	0.92	0.0573	0.0053	0.1893	0.0155	0.0255	0.0009	501.9	203.7	176.1	13.2	162.5	5.6
AGTW01-61	258.31	241.26	1.07	0.0968	0.0073	0.3189	0.0237	0.0242	0.0006	1562.7	140.7	281.0	18.3	154.0	3.5
AGTW01-62	121.23	125.36	0.97	0.0694	0.0127	0.2136	0.0374	0.0258	0.0012	910.8	385.2	196.5	31.3	163.9	7.3
AGTW01-63	235.45	205.56	1.15	0.0534	0.0016	0.3808	0.0121	0.0519	0.0009	346.4	70.4	327.6	8.9	325.9	5.7
AGTW01-64	87.59	125.69	0.70	0.0486	0.0019	0.1769	0.0068	0.0267	0.0005	127.9	90.7	165.4	5.9	170.2	3.3
AGTW01-65	269.13	432.28	0.62	0.0514	0.0015	0.2078	0.0055	0.0294	0.0005	261.2	64.8	191.7	4.6	186.5	3.1
AGTW01-66	156.56	142.69	1.10	0.0742	0.0038	0.4337	0.0216	0.0428	0.0009	1047.2	104.5	365.8	15.3	270.1	5.4
AGTW01-67	358.55	423.25	0.85	0.0538	0.0021	0.4176	0.0156	0.0575	0.0011	361.2	61.1	354.3	11.2	360.7	6.9
AGTW01-68	452.56	236.89	1.91	0.0540	0.0016	0.3659	0.0107	0.0494	0.0009	372.3	68.5	316.6	8.0	310.5	5.3
AGTW01-69	178.56	228.56	0.78	0.0581	0.0015	0.7738	0.0220	0.0964	0.0017	600.0	57.4	581.9	12.6	593.4	10.2
AGTW01-70	189.45	462.56	0.41	0.0580	0.0016	0.2843	0.0081	0.0358	0.0006	527.8	63.0	254.1	6.4	226.5	4.0

注: 测年样品由中国科学院海洋研究所大洋岩石圈与地幔动力学实验室完成。

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	图 6 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组碎屑岩锆石年龄谐和图Fig.6 Age harmonic map of detrital zircons from the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin

4 讨论

4.1 物源属性

根据砂岩碎屑组分及重矿物组合分析可以看出, 万宝组的沉积物源具有以中酸性岩浆岩和中、低级变质岩为主以及含少量中基性岩浆岩的特点, 显示该地区砂岩具有较为复杂的母岩类型。综合分析碎屑岩的地球化学特征, 可以较好地反映沉积时期物源的特征(陈小双等, 2018)。碎屑岩的化学组分受到碎屑的粒级控制, 从砂岩到泥岩中, SiO₂和Na₂O含量减少, 而K₂O的含量增加。将研究区的测试结果投在F1-F2判别图解上(Roser and Korsch, 1988), 可以看出物源主要为酸性火山岩源区, 少量为中性火山岩区(图 7), 表明中侏罗世研究区碎屑物质可能大部分来自于酸性火山岩物源区, 少数为中性火山岩物源区。砂岩的地球化学成分与构造环境有着很好的对应关系, 根据F1'-F2'构造环境判别图解(Bhatia, 1983), 万宝组碎屑岩原岩形成于大陆岛弧环境, 部分为被动陆缘环境和大洋岛弧(图 8), 表明中侏罗世研究区碎屑物质原岩大部分来自于大陆岛弧的构造背景。

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图 7 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组碎屑岩F1-F2物源区判别图解(底图据Roser and Korsch, 1988)
F1=-1.773TiO₂+0.607Al₂O₃+0.76Fe₂

{O_{3}}^{T}

-1.5MgO+0.616CaO+0.509Na₂O-1.224K₂O-9.09
F2=0.445TiO₂+0.07Al₂O₃-0.25Fe₂

{O_{3}}^{T}

-1.142MgO+0.438CaO+0.475Na₂O+1.426K₂O-6.861Fig.7 Discrimination diagram of F1-F2 of detrital zircons from the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin (base map after Roser and Korsch, 1988)

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图 8 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组碎屑岩F1’F2’判别函数图(底图据Bhatia, 1983)
F1’=-0.421SiO₂+1.988TiO₂-0.526Al₂O₃
-0.551Fe₂O₃-1.61FeO+2.720MnO+0.88MgO-0.907Cao-0.177Na₂O-1.840K₂O+7.244P₂O₅+43.57
F2’=-0.0447SiO₂-0.927TiO₂+
0.008Al₂O₃-0.267Fe₂O₃+0.208FeO-3.082MnO+0.140MgO+0.195Cao
+0.719Na₂O-0.032K₂O+0.510P₂O₅+0.303Fig.8 Discriminant function diagram of F1'-F2'of detrital zircons from the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin(base map after Bhatia et al., 1983)

利用La/Th-Hf和Co/Th-La/Sc源岩属性判别图解(田景春和张翔, 2016), 也可以进行物源分析。在La/Th-Hf图解(图 9-a)中, 龙江盆地万宝组砂岩主要位于长英质、基性岩混合物源区和长英质物源区, 并且处于上地壳平均成分附近; 在Co/Th-La/Sc图解(图 9-b)中, 万宝组砂岩的Co/Th值较低, 一部分投点位于长英质火山岩区, 并靠近长英质火山岩附近; 另一部分投点位于安山质区域, 偏中性火山岩区。

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	图 9 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组碎屑岩物源判别图(底图据田景春和张翔, 2016)Fig.9 Identification map for clastic rocks from the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin (base map after Tian and Zhang, 2016)

Bhatia和Crook(1986)通过对砂岩和泥岩地球化学特征的研究, 认为La、Th、Y、Zr、Co等不活泼微量元素比较稳定, 能够用来判别物源区的构造环境, 并归纳出多种判别图解。这种判别图解中, 一般将构造背景划分为大洋岛弧、大陆岛弧、活动大陆边缘和被动大陆边缘4种类型。在La-Th-Sc图解(图 10-a)和Th-Sc-Zr/10图解(图 10-b)上, 除个别样品偏离外, 绝大部分砂岩样品落入大陆岛弧区, 表明研究区物源主要来自于周边的大陆岛弧火山岩。

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图 10 万宝组碎屑岩构造环境判别图解和Th-Sc-Zr/10构造环境判别图解(底图据Bhatia and Crook, 1986)
OIA: 大洋岛弧; CIA: 大陆岛弧; ACM: 活动大陆边缘; PM: 被动大陆边缘Fig.10 Construction environment discrimination diagram and Th-Sc-Zr/10 structure environment discrimination diagram for clastic rocks from Wanbao Formation(base map after Bhatia and Crook, 1986)

依据Bhatia(1985)归纳总结了不同构造背景下的砂岩REE特征值, 将研究区沉积岩的有关参数与各种构造背景下的砂岩参数进行对比(表 5)发现, 研究区中侏罗统万宝组砂岩化学成分多与大陆岛弧相似, 部分接近活动大陆边缘特征。

表 5 龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组碎屑岩有关参数与各种构造背景下砂岩的REE参数对比(据Bhatia, 1985) Table5 Comparison of REE content and diagnostic parameters between detrital rocks from the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in Longjiang Basin and from various tectonic settings(after Bhatia, 1985)

上述分析表明, 龙江盆地万宝组的沉积物物源具有长英质和中性火山岩物源特性, 大部分来自于上地壳, 原岩形成于活动大陆边缘背景下的大陆岛弧环境。

另外, 碎屑锆石物源分析也能反映出沉积物物源区特点。龙江盆地万宝组碎屑岩锆石U-Pb分析结果显示, 来自于古老基底的锆石较少, 大部分锆石U-Pb年龄与周边的中侏罗世火山岩以及三叠纪— 晚泥盆世的岩体时代一致。其中, 167.5± 2.5Ma年龄峰值占绝对优势, 表明中侏罗世火山作用比较强烈, 为万宝组沉积提供了充足的物源, 同时岩石地球化学分析也表明该期物源多来自于上地壳, 与突泉盆地万宝组一致(王杰等, 2013); 236.4± 2.1Ma年龄峰值应来自于周边哈达陶勒盖组中酸性火山岩(234.8— 240Ma)(杨雅军等, 2012), 该期火山岩喷发持续时间较长, 间歇时间相对短, 喷发范围广, 为万宝组提供了三叠纪中酸性沉积物源, 这与区域上巴林右旗岩浆活动(248.5Ma)(刘建峰等, 2013)一致; 309.1± 6.0Ma年龄峰值主要来自于周边的宝力高庙组和格根敖包组(303— 320Ma)(何付兵等, 2017; 张渝金等, 2015; 辛后田等, 2011), 主要为陆相中酸性火山熔岩和火山碎屑岩, 为万宝组提供了晚古生代中酸性沉积物源; 363.2± 7.2Ma年龄峰值应来自于周边大民山组变质中酸性火山岩(362.2± 3.3Ma)(张渝金等, 2016)和花岗岩类侵入岩(许文良等, 1999), 地球化学分析也显示其与区域上大兴安岭地区晚古生代火成岩所揭示构造环境一致(刘建峰等, 2009)。

4.2 大地构造意义

龙江盆地处于中亚造山带的东段, 是古亚洲洋、蒙古— 鄂霍茨克海和环太平洋构造体系的叠加转换地带(李永飞等, 2013)。万宝组火山岩年龄为165.2~162.1Ma(张渝金等, 2018), 应形成于燕山运动第1幕, 当时强烈的构造活动伴以岩浆作用和火山喷发作用, 造成东北地区存在许多北北东或北东向小型断陷盆地, 龙江盆地即是其中之一。早、中侏罗世, 中亚造山带发生了重要转变, 即由古亚洲洋构造体系向古太平洋构造体系的转折(赵越等, 2004; 董树文等, 2008), 此时该区域地壳活动进入新一轮活跃期的早期, 受大陆边缘活动的影响显示出活化特征, 龙江盆地万宝组沉积物物源具有长英质和中性火山岩特性, 原岩形成于活动大陆边缘背景下的大陆岛弧环境。

侏罗纪, 大兴安岭地区主要受挤压作用的影响, 活动性显著增强, 在大兴安岭西部及周边地区发育少量中侏罗世大陆边缘型钙碱性火山岩(陈志广等, 2006; 孟恩等, 2011; 许文良等, 2013)及具有活动大陆边缘岩石组合特征的侏罗纪花岗岩 (苗来成等, 2003; 葛文春等, 2005; 隋振民等, 2007)。多数学者将这种挤压作用归结为古太平洋板块俯冲作用的影响(隋振民等, 2007; Wu et al., 2007; 张宏等, 2008), 认为大兴安岭中生代火山岩可能为古太平洋板块俯冲作用及后继作用的产物。而许文良(2013)研究认为, 中侏罗世大兴安岭西坡— 冀北— 辽西地区存在1次重要的陆壳加厚过程, 广泛发育的中晚侏罗世火山岩应与蒙古— 鄂霍茨克缝合带闭合有关; 李宇(2015)研究了孙吴地区中侏罗世白云母花岗岩, 认为其形成于新增生的加厚陆壳物质的部分熔融, 与蒙古— 鄂霍茨克缝合带闭合的陆— 陆碰撞有关。

本次研究的万宝组物源, 主要来自于中侏罗世的火山岩, 原岩形成于活动大陆边缘背景下的大陆岛弧环境。笔者前期研究了该地层中的火山岩, 其构造背景也表现出与俯冲作用有关的特点(张渝金等, 2018)。因此, 根据当前资料推测, 龙江盆地中侏罗世沉积演化可能与古太平洋板块俯冲和蒙古— 鄂霍茨克缝合带演化双重作用有关, 且与蒙古— 鄂霍茨克缝合带联系更为密切。

5 结论

利用砂岩碎屑组成、重矿物、细碎屑岩地球化学特征和碎屑锆石年龄等多种手段, 综合分析了龙江盆地万宝组沉积物源, 结果表明:

1)依据岩屑及重矿物组合特征, 认为万宝组沉积物源具有以中酸性岩浆岩和中低级变质岩为主, 以及具少量中基性岩浆岩的特点, 显示该地区砂岩具有较为复杂的母岩类型。

2)万宝组碎屑锆石具有4组年龄峰值, 分别为167.5± 2.5Ma、236.4± 2.1Ma、309.1± 6.0Ma和363.2± 7.2Ma, 反映了万宝组砂岩具有多物源的特点, 主要来自于中侏罗世火山岩, 其他来自于晚泥盆世— 三叠纪的岩浆活动产物。

3)万宝组沉积物源具有长英质和中性火山岩特性, 原岩形成于活动大陆边缘背景下的大陆岛弧环境。龙江盆地中侏罗世沉积演化可能与古太平洋板块俯冲作用和蒙古— 鄂霍茨克缝合带演化双重作用的影响有关, 而与蒙古— 鄂霍茨克缝合带联系更为密切。

致谢野外地质调查工作中得到了沈阳地质调查中心杨雅军教授级高级工程师,崔天日教授级高级工程师及张立东研究员的指导,薄片鉴定方面得到了钟辉教授级高级工程师的细心指导,在此表示感谢。同时对匿名审稿人表示感谢。

作者声明没有竞争性利益冲突.

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[27]	张渝金, 吴新伟, 江斌, 郭威, 杨雅军, 刘世伟, 崔天日, 李伟, 李林川, 司秋亮, 张超. 2015. 大兴安岭扎兰屯地区格根敖包组碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 45(2): 404-416. [Zhang Y J, Wu X W, Jiang B, Guo W, Yang Y J, Liu S W, Cui T R, Li W, Li L C, Si Q L, Zhang C. 2015. U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircon and the constraint of geochemistry the from the Gegen'aobao Formation in Middle of Zalantun area of Da Hinggan Mountains and its tectonic significance. Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 45(2): 404-416] [文内引用:2]
[28]	张渝金, 张超, 吴新伟, 崔天日, 杨雅军, 陈会军, 江斌, 郭威, 马永非. 2016. 大兴安岭北段扎兰屯地区晚古生代海相火山岩年代学和地球化学特征及其构造意义. 地质学报, 90(10): 2706-2720. [Zhang Y J, Zhang C, Wu X W, Cui T R, Yang Y J, Chen H J, Jiang B, Guo W, Ma Y F. 2016. Geochronology and geochemistry of Late Paleozoic marine volcanic from the Zhalantun area in northern Da Hinggan Mountains and its geological significance. Acta Geologica Sinica, 90(10): 2706-2720] [文内引用:1]
[29]	张渝金, 吴新伟, 张超, 郭威, 杨雅军, 孙革. 2018. 黑龙江龙江盆地中侏罗统万宝组时代确定新证据及其地质意义. 地学前缘, 25(1): 182-196. [Zhang Y J, Wu X W, Zhang C, Guo W, Yang Y J, Sun G. 2018. New evidences for dating of the Middle Jurassic Wanbao Formation in the Longjiang Basin, western margin of Heilongjiang Province. Earth Science Frontiers, 25(1): 182-196] [文内引用:2]
[30]	张志萍, 林春明, 李艳丽, 岳信东, 张霞, 徐深谋, 漆滨汶. 2008. 内蒙古二连盆地白音查干凹陷达尔其地区下白垩统腾格尔组物源分析及沉积特征. 古地理学报, 10(6): 599-612. [Zhang Z P, Lin C M, Li Y L, Yue X D, Zhang X, Xu S M, Qi B W. 2008. Sedimentary characteristics and provenance analysis of the Lower Cretaceous Tenggeer Formation in Daerqi area of Baiyinchagan sag, Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 10(6): 599-612] [文内引用:1]
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2009

0.0

陈全红, 李文厚, 刘昊伟, 李克永, 庞军刚, 郭艳琴, 袁珍. 2009. 鄂尔多斯盆地上石炭统—中二叠统砂岩物源分析. 古地理学报, 11(6): 629-640.

[Chen Q

, Li W

, Liu H

, Li K

, Pang J

, Guo Y

, Yuan

. 2009. Provenance analysis of sand stone of the Upper Carboniferous to Middle Permian in Ordos Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 11(6): 629-640]

Based on comprehensive study of regional geology， stratigraphic contact relations， sandstone fragment components， heavy mineral and trace elements， the Upper Carboniferous to Middle Permian provenance area for the north Ordos Basin mainly come from recycling orogeny area， and can be divided into three provenance areas that are Wuhai-Yinchuan， Hangjinqi-Dongsheng， Zhungeer-Fugu. But affected by variation provenance and bounded by Hangjinqi-Dongsheng， the distribution of quartz sandstone of Ordos Basin that was derived from Alashan ancient land has obvious west-east trending divisional feature and is mainly distributed in west Ordos Basin， but lithic sandstone that came from Yin Mountains mainly distributed in east Ordos Basin. South and southwest trending source sandstone that came from steady tectonic area and recycling orogeny area are strongly related to the evolution of Qin-Qi orogenic belt， and has the duplex characteristic of activity and stabilization. So the south provenance can be divided into three provenance areas that are Haiyuan and Tongxin-Zhongwei， Pingliang-Guyuan and Huaixian， Yaoxian-Yijun and Fuxian. The catchment area of south and north provenance with NWW trending shoestring extension is located in Huanxian-Fuxian-Xianning area， and the catchment area gradually transfers to south Ordos Basin during Shanxi to He-8 period. Until He-8 period， the west provenance began to supply coarse clastic sediments. In Liuyehe Basin， Zhouzhi， as the outer margin of Ordos Basin， which is the intermontane basin of Qinling orogenic belt and has continuous transitional relationship between them， the Upper Carboniferous to Middle Permian sandstone came from recycling orogeny area and continental blocks.

1 CNOOC Research Center， Beijing 100027 2 Geology Department of Northwest University， Xi'an 710069， Shaanxi 3 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina，Beijing 100083 4 College of Energy and Environmental Engineering， Yanan University， Yanan 716000，Shaanxi 5 Institute of Oil and Gas Resources， Xi'an Shiyou University，Xi'an 710065，Shaanxi

对区域地质、地层接触关系、砂岩组分、重矿物及微量元素等的综合分析与研究结果表明，鄂尔多斯盆地北部上石炭统—中二叠统砂岩的物源区主要为再旋回造山带物源区，并可划分出乌海—银川、杭锦旗—东胜及准格尔旗—府谷3个物源区。受物源分异的影响，盆地内部石英砂岩分布以杭锦旗—东胜为界，具有明显的东西分区性。其中石英砂岩主要分布于盆地西部，古水流、重矿物及砂岩组分指示物源来自阿拉善古陆。而盆地东部总体上是岩屑砂岩的覆盖区，物源主要来自盆地北部和东北部阴山地区。盆地西南部及南部砂岩的物源区为克拉通地块和再旋回造山区，物源区与秦祁造山带的演化关系密切，具有稳定与活动的双重特性，可划分出海原、同心—中宁，平凉—固原、环县及耀县—宜君、富县3个主要物源区。南北物源汇水区在环县—富县—乡宁一带，呈北西西向狭长带状延伸，并从山西期—盒8期呈逐渐南移趋势。盆地西部物源到下石盒子组沉积时期才提供粗碎屑物质补给，以含有较多的长石石英砂岩为特征。周至柳叶河石炭—二叠系砂岩的物源区为再旋回造山带物源区和陆块物源区，为北秦岭造山带内山间盆地，属于盆地外缘，并与鄂尔多斯盆地呈连续过渡的关系。

... 沉积岩地球化学和锆石U-Pb年代学分析作为物源分析的基本手段,能够较好地揭示沉积物的沉积时代、物源性质、沉积环境以及构造背景(陈全红等,2009 ...

2013

0.0

... 龙江盆地位于内蒙古东部扎赉特旗与黑龙江西部龙江县交界,是新厘定的松辽盆地外围中新生代盆地之一(陈树旺等,2013 ...

2018

0.0

... 综合分析碎屑岩的地球化学特征,可以较好地反映沉积时期物源的特征(陈小双等,2018) ...

2006

0.0

... 侏罗纪,大兴安岭地区主要受挤压作用的影响,活动性显著增强,在大兴安岭西部及周边地区发育少量中侏罗世大陆边缘型钙碱性火山岩(陈志广等,2006 ...

2013

0.0

... 丁秋红等,2013) ...

2008

0.0

... 董树文等,2008),此时该区域地壳活动进入新一轮活跃期的早期,受大陆边缘活动的影响显示出活化特征,龙江盆地万宝组沉积物物源具有长英质和中性火山岩特性,原岩形成于活动大陆边缘背景下的大陆岛弧环境 ...

2005

0.0

葛文春, 吴福元, 周长勇, 张吉衡. 2005. 大兴安岭中部乌兰浩特地区中生代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年龄及地质意义. 岩石学报, 21(3): 749-762.

[Ge W

, Wu F

, Zhou C

, Zhang J

. 2005. Zircon U-Pb ages and its significance of the Mesozoic granites in the Wulanhaote region, central Da Hinggan Mountain. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 21(3): 749-762]

The timing and stages of the Mesozoic granites in the Da Hinggan Mountain is the key to the tectonic and magmatic evolution of Northeast China. In this paper, we present new zircon U-Pb age data of granites using laser ablation ICP-MS technique. The result shows three stages of granites in the Wulanhaote-Suolun region, central Da Hinggan Mountain, i. e. , Middle to Late Triassic granites (235 -225 Ma) , Early to Middle Jurassic granites (182 - 175 Ma) and Early Cretaceous granites (140 - 125 Ma) , which are consistent with the stages of volcanic rocks. This geochronological framework is also comparable to that in the Zhangguangcai-Lessor Hinggan Mountain in the east to the Songliao Basin. The identification of - 800 Ma inherited zircons, consistent with Neoproterozoic granites in Eguna block, suggests that there existed Precambrian basement in this region. Considering their petrography and geological data of adjacent regions, we propose that the formation of Triassic granites is related to post-orogenic lithospheric extension after closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean, Jurassic granites are results of subduction of oceanic plate in the western Jiamusi block and assembly of Jiamusi and Songnen blocks, while, Early Cretaceous granites are product of intra-plate extension.

大兴安岭中生代花岗岩浆作用的时间和期次的确定对讨论东北地区中生代的构造一岩浆演化具有重要意义。本文采用激光ICP—MS技术进行锆石U—Ph年龄测定的结果表明，大兴安岭中部乌兰浩特一索伦地区的中生代花岗岩浆活动可以划分为3期：中-晚三叠世花岗岩岩浆侵位结晶年龄为235～225Ma；早一中侏罗世花岗岩岩浆侵位结晶年龄为182～175Ma；早白垩世花岗岩岩浆侵位结晶年龄为140～125Ma，与该区广泛分布的中生代火山岩时代一致。该区花岗岩的年代学格架与松辽盆地东缘的张广才岭-小兴安岭地区完全可以对比。花岗岩中的捕获锆石具有与额尔古纳地块新元古代花岗岩一致的的年龄信息（～800Ma），反映该区曾经具有前寒武纪结晶基底。结合岩石学特征和邻区的其它地质资料，该区三叠纪花岗岩的形成可能与古亚洲洋闭合造山后的岩石圈伸展体制有关，侏罗纪花岗岩可能是佳木斯地块西缘洋壳俯冲及与松嫩地块拼合作用的产物，而早白垩世花岗岩的形成则与板内拉张性构造体制有关.

... 葛文春等,2005 ...

2017

0.0

... 320Ma)(何付兵等,2017 ...

2014

0.0

李双应, 杨栋栋, 王松, 万秋, 王道轩. 2014. 南天山中段上石炭统碎屑岩岩石学、地球化学、重矿物和锆石年代学特征及其对物源区、构造演化的约束. 地质学报, 88(2): 167-184.

[Li S

, Yang D

, Wang

, Wan

, Wang D

. 2014. Characteristics of petrology, geochemistry, heavy minerals and isotope chronology of Upper Carboniferous detrital rocks in the middle segment of South Tianshan and constraints to the provenance and tectonic evolution. Acta Geologica Sinica, 88(2): 167-184]

We can restore Late Paleozoic paleogeography and reveal tectonic evolution history of South Tianshan， based on the study of Carboniferous sedimentary records，when was in Late Paleozoic that Tianshan tectonic zone happened to great changes. The sandstones of Upper Carboniferous Ayilihe Formation in the middle segment of South Tianshan are mostly composed of pebbly sandstone， litharenite， sublitharenite， arkose and ferruginous sandstone. The component of the sandstones includes mostly quartz 67.41%， next lithic fragment 21.8%， and a little feldspar 7.52%. The sandstones have average of 2.07 for Q/F+L， and low textural and compositional maturity. The detrital rocks have average contents of SiO2 64.78%，Al2O3 10.22%，TiO2 0.35%，TFe2O3 4.23%，MgO 1.37%，CaO 7.16%， K2O 2.13%，Na2O 0.93%， and average 130.1×10－6 of ∑REE，0.7 of δEu and 9.4 of LaN /YbN. Heavy mineral assemblage of the sandstones includes mostly zircon， leucoxene， limonite and pyrite， next tourmaline， apatite， rutile， garnet， chromite and anatase. The source rocks of the Ayilihe Formation are mostly composed of acidic igneous rock， lower medium metamorphism rocks and sedimentary rocks， and a little basic rock. The provenance of the sandstones had tectonic settings of mostly subduction complex， next arc orogen and collision orogen， based on the QFL discriminant diagrams. According to the REE， trace elements， and Th Co Zr/10， Th Sc Zr/10， Ti/Zr La/Sc discriminant diagrams， the provenance of detrital rocks had the tectonic settings of continental island arc and active continental margin， and with some femic constituents compared with the source region of the upper crust. The chemical index of alteration corrected (CIAcorr.) of the detrital rocks has an average of 71.25 (52.25~89.40)， which indicates that provenance had mostly gone moderate chemical weathering. According to the U Pb ages of LA ICP MS of 79 detrital zircon grains， the source rocks of Upper Carboniferous detrital rocks came from terrains with two different geological times， most 404~542 Ma，second 1797~2436 Ma， which indicates that source rocks came mostly from Early Paleozoic and paleo Proterozoic. They are equivalent to magma arc of Early Paleozoic subduction zone in the northern of South Tianshan， and southeastern Proterozoic basement of Kulukedage in the northern of Tarim. Hence， it also indicates that the collision time of South Tianshan Orogen may be limited in the end of Early Devonian to Middle Devonian， subduction and converge happened during Early Paleozoic， and large scale uplifting and exhumation happened after Permian

晚古生代是天山构造带发生变革的关键时期，对南天山层序清楚尚未变质的晚古生代沉积记录进行研究，对于恢复南天山晚古生代的构造古地理、并对其构造演化史提供约束，具有重要地质意义。南天山中段上石炭统阿依里河组砂岩主要为含砾砂岩、岩屑砂岩、次岩屑砂岩、长石砂岩和含铁岩屑砂岩，砂岩中石英颗粒含量67.41%，岩屑25.07%，长石7.52%，Q/(F+L) 平均为2.07，岩石具有低的结构成熟度和成分成熟度。碎屑岩SiO2平均为64.78%，Al2O3 10.22%，TiO2 0.35%，TFe2O3 4.23%，MgO 1.37%，CaO 7.16%， K2O 2.13%，Na2O 0.93%。稀土总量∑REE平均为130.1×10?D6，δEu异常0.74，LaN /YbN 9.4。砂岩中重矿物组合主要为锆石、白钛石、赤褐铁矿和黄铁矿，其次有电气石、磷灰石、金红石、石榴子石、铬铁矿和锐钛矿。阿依里河组的源岩主要为中-酸性火成岩、低级-中级变质岩和沉积岩，还有少量基性岩等。根据QFL判别，砂岩物源区主要为消减杂岩源区，其次是弧造山带和碰撞造山带源区。根据稀土元素、微量元素特征，以及Th Co Zr/10、Th Sc Zr/10和Ti/Zr La/Sc判别图，阿依里河组碎屑岩物源区属于大陆岛弧区和活动大陆边缘区，与上地壳源区相比，有铁镁质的叠加。校正后的碎屑岩化学风化指数CIAcorr.平均为71.25(52.25~89.40)，指示源区主要经历了中等程度的化学风化。砂岩碎屑LA ICP Ms锆石U Pb年龄测定表明，锆石年龄分为两期，主要为 404~542 Ma，其次是1797~2436 Ma，表明物源区地质体时代主要为早古生代和古元古代，它们和南天山早古生代消减带弧和塔里木北缘库鲁克塔格古元古代基底比较吻合。同时，进一步将南天山造山带开始碰撞的时间限制在早泥盆世末―中泥盆世，俯冲汇聚在早古生代，大规模的隆升剥露在二叠纪以后。

... 李双应等,2014 ...

2013

0.0

... 鄂藿茨克海和环太平洋体系的转换地带(李永飞等,2013) ...

... 龙江盆地内断裂发育,形成北东向正断层,并呈阶梯状向盆地深凹方向倾斜,造成盆地西缓东陡、南深北浅的构造格局(李永飞等,2013) ...

... 鄂霍茨克海和环太平洋构造体系的叠加转换地带(李永飞等,2013) ...

2015

0.0

李宇, 丁磊磊, 许文良, 王枫, 唐杰, 赵硕, 王子进. 2015. 孙吴地区中侏罗世白云母花岗岩的年代学与地球化学: 对蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合时间的限定. 岩石学报, 31(1): 56-66.

[Li

, Ding L

, Xu W

, Wang

, Tang

, Zhao

, Wang Z

. 2015. Geochronology and geochemistry of muscovite granite in Sunwu area, NE China: Implications for the timing of closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 31(1): 56-66]

Zircon U-Pb dating and whole-rock geochemical analyses are undertaken for the muscovite granite in Sunwu area, NE China, with the aim of constraining its formation time, petrogenesis and the regional tectonic setting. Zircons from the muscovite granite in the study area are euhedral-subhedral in shape, and display fine-scale oscillatory growth zoning, indicating a magmatic origin. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the muscovite granite formed in the Middle Jurassic (~168Ma). The muscovite granites have SiO 2 =74.61%~80.16%, Al 2 O 3 =10.59%~13.90%, Fe 2 O 3 =0.11%~0.30%, and belong chemically to metaluminous-peraluminous series (A/CNK=0.97~1.13). In addition, these muscovite granites are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), and depleted in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) and high field strength elements (HFSEs). The ε Hf ( t ) values and t DM2 of zircons range from +7.53 to +11.66 and from 595Ma to 966Ma, respectively, indicating that the primary magma was derived from partial melting of a juvenile thickened lower crust. Combined with the metamorphic complexes in the conjunction of the Great and Lesser Xing'an Ranges and the regional stratigraphic unconformity in western Liaoning and northern Hebei provinces, it is suggested that a significant collisional and thrusting event took place during Middle Jurassic, implying the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. Taken together, we conclude that the muscovite granite in the study area formed in a compressing collisional setting, which is related to the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean instead of the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific oceanic plate beneath the Eurasian continent.

本文对孙吴地区白云母花岗岩行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究,确定其形成时代、岩石成因,从而揭示区域构造背景。孙吴地区白云母花岗岩中的锆石均呈半自形-自形,振荡生长环带明显,暗示其岩浆成因。测年结果显示,白云母花岗岩形成于168Ma,为中侏罗世岩浆事件的产物。岩体具有高硅(SiO 2 =74.61%~80.16%)、富铝(Al 2 O 3 =10.59%~13.90%)、贫铁(Fe 2 O 3 =0.11%~0.3%)等特征,在化学上属于准铝质-过铝质(A/CNK=0.97~1.13)系列。孙吴地区白云母花岗相对富集轻稀土元素(LREEs)和大离子亲石元素(LILEs),亏损重稀土元素(HREEs)和高场强元素(HFSEs)。锆石的 ε Hf (168Ma)=+7.53~+11.66,二阶段的模式年龄( t DM2 )变化于595~966Ma之间。上述特征表明,孙吴地区中侏罗世白云母花岗岩的岩浆起源于新增生加厚陆壳物质的部分熔融。结合在大兴安岭与小兴安岭衔接地区变质杂岩和冀北-辽西地区区域性地层不整合面的存在,表明大兴安岭西坡-冀北-辽西地区中侏罗世经历了一次与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合有关的陆壳加厚过程。因此,研究区内中侏罗世白云母花岗岩的形成应与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合过程中的陆-陆碰撞作用有关,而与古环太平洋向欧亚大陆的俯冲作用无关,其形成时代也限定额尔古纳地块西北部蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋的闭合时间应为中侏罗世。

2009

0.0

刘建峰, 迟效国, 张兴洲, 马志红, 赵芝, 王铁夫, 胡兆初, 赵秀羽. 2009. 内蒙古西乌旗南部石炭纪石英闪长岩地球化学特征及其构造意义. 地质学报, 83(3): 365-376.

[Liu J

, Chi X

, Zhang X

, Ma Z

, Zhao

, Wang T

, Hu Z

, Zhao X

. 2009. Geochemical characteristic of Carboniferous quartz diorite in the southern Xiwuqi area, Inner Mongolia and its tectonic significance. Acta Geologica Sinica, 83(3): 365-376]

The Xiwuqi area of Inner Mongolia is tectonically situated at the suture zone between Hegenshan and Xar Moron faults. Magmatic rocks occur widely in the area. LA ICP MS dating for zircon separated from the Daqinhundi and Jinxing quartz diorite plutons indicates that both plutons formed at 325±3Ma and 322±3Ma respectively. Lithological and geochemical analysis show that two plutons belong to low K tholeiitic and calk alkaline series, and are enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) such as Rb, Ba and K, and depleted in high field strength elements (HFSE) such as Nb, Ta, Ti and P. Geochemical compositions also show that the plutons are characterized by subduction genesis. Combined with regional data, a suite consisting of hornblende diorite, quartz diorite, tonalite and granodiorite is developed in the Suzuoqi and Xiwuqi areas and similar to the complex in island arc and active continental margin. This set of rocks form early and late Carbonifous magmatic arc, presence of which may be related to the northward subduction of paleo Asian ocean slab.

内蒙古西乌旗地区位于贺根山蛇缘岩带和西拉木伦缝合带之间，区内岩浆岩分布广泛。本文对达其浑迪和金星石英闪长岩进行了锆石LA ICP MS U Pb定年，结果表明两个岩体分别形成于325±3Ma和322±3Ma。岩石学和地球化学分析结果显示岩石属于低钾拉斑系列和钙碱性系列，相对富集Rb、Ba、K等大离子亲石元素（LILE），亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素化学。地球化学成分表明岩体具有俯冲带成因的特征。通过区域对比分析，苏左旗和西乌旗地区均发育一套角闪闪长岩、石英闪长岩、英云闪长岩及花岗闪长岩组合，与岛弧和活动大陆边缘岩浆岩组合相似，共同构成早石炭世晚期到晚石炭世的岩浆弧，该岩浆弧的出现与古亚洲洋板片向北俯冲有关。

... 3Ma)(张渝金等,2016)和花岗岩类侵入岩(许文良等,1999),地球化学分析也显示其与区域上大兴安岭地区晚古生代火成岩所揭示构造环境一致(刘建峰等,2009) ...

2013

0.0

刘建峰, 迟效国, 赵芝, 胡兆初, 陈军强. 2013. 内蒙古巴林右旗建设屯埃达克岩锆石U-Pb年龄及成因讨论. 岩石学报, 29(3): 827-839.

[Liu J

, Chi X

, Zhao

, Hu Z

, Chen J

. 2013. Zircon U-Pb age and petrogenetic discussion on Jianshetun adakite in Balinyouqi, Inner Mongolia. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 29(3): 827-839]

In this paper petrology, geochemistry, zircon U-Pb dating and in-situ Hf isotopic analyzing for Jianshetun granodiorite in SE Inner Mongolia are reported. LA-ICP-MS zircon dating gives the emplacement age of Early Triassic (248.5±2.3Ma) for the pluton. Petrological and geochemical study indicate that the aluminum saturation index (A/CNK) of the rock is 1.02, belonging to calk-alkaline I-type granite. The rock has high SiO 2 (≥56%) and Al 2 O 3 (≥15%) contents, and the Na 2 O and K 2 O contents range between 4.34%～4.41% and 2.03%～2.07% respectively, with Na 2 O/K 2 O ratio varying from 2.10 to 2.17; the rock has high content of Sr (>400×10 -6 ), low content of Y (≤18×10 -6 ) and Yb (≤1.9×10 -6 ), and has notable fractionation between LREE and HREE, with (La/Yb) N varying between 16.92～17.38. Besides, there is not negative Eu anomaly in the chondrite-normalized REE pattern. All of the geochemical characteristics above indicate that the Jianshetun pluton belongs to adakite. The ε Hf ( t ) of in-situ zircon Hf isotopic analysis is between 11.2～14.4, showing the magma originated form depleted source. Considering regional magmatism, stratigraphy and palaeontology data, it is thought that the pluton is the product of partial melting of the thickened newborn lower crust after the Late Permian closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean along Xar Moron River suture belt.

本文对内蒙古东南部建设屯花岗闪长岩进行了岩石学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb定年及原位Hf同位素分析研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果显示了该岩体的形成时代为248.5±2.3Ma,为早三叠世早期岩浆岩侵入体。岩石学和地球化学研究表明,该岩体铝饱和指数A/CNK为1.02,属于钙碱性I型花岗岩;SiO 2 ≥56%,Al 2 O 3 ≥15%,Na 2 O和K 2 O含量分别为4.34%～4.41%和2.03%～2.07%,Na 2 O/K 2 O介于2.10～2.17之间;Sr>400×10 -6 ,Y≤18×10 -6 ,Yb≤1.9×10 -6 ,岩石轻重稀土分馏明显,(La/Yb) N 介于16.92～17.38之间,无明显的Eu负异常,显示了埃达克岩的地球化学特征。锆石Hf同位素分析显示 ε Hf ( t )值介于11.2～14.4之间,反映了源区亏损的特征。综合考虑区域岩浆岩和地层古生物资料,本文认为该岩体是晚二叠世古亚洲洋沿西拉木伦河缝合带闭合后,加厚的新生下地壳部分熔融作用的产物。

... 5Ma)(刘建峰等,2013)一致 ...

2011

0.0

孟恩, 许文良, 杨德彬, 邱昆峰, 李长华, 祝洪涛. 2011. 满洲里地区灵泉盆地中生代火山岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及其地质意义. 岩石学报, 27(4): 1209-1226.

[Meng

, Xu W

, Yang D

, Qiu K

, Li C

, Zhu H

. 2011. Zircon U-Pb chronology, geochemistry of Mesozoic volcanic rocks from the Lingquan Basin in Manzhouli area, and its tectonic implications. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 27(4): 1209-1226]

LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical data for the Mesozoic volcanic rocks from the Lingquan basin in Manzhouli area were presented in order to constrain their petrogenesis and the regional tectonic evolution. Zircons from nine representative volcanic rocks are euhedral-subhedral in shape and display striped absorption or oscillatory zoning in CL images as well as high Th/U ratios (0. 25 similar to 7.78), implying their magmatic origin. The dating results indicate that the Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the region can be subdivided into three stages, i. e., the Middle Jurassic (about 166Ma), the early stage of the Early Cretaceous (about 142Ma), and the late stage of the Early Cretaceous (about 125Ma). The Middle Jurassic volcanic rocks, represented by the basaltic rocks from the Tamulangou Formation, are characterized by high alkali content (K2O >3%), high La/Yb, La/Nb, Hf/Sm, Nb/U and Ce/Pb ratios, enrichment in large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) and light rare earth elements (LREEs), relative depletion in Nb, indicating that its formation should be related to the lithospheric extension after the crustal thickening. The early stage of the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks, represented by the rhyolites from the Jixiangfeng Formation, have high SiO2 and alkali contents, are rich in K, RI), Th, and relatively poor in Al, Mg, Ca, Ni, Cr and Ti, similar chemically to A-type granites, suggesting that the volcanic rocks should form under an extensional setting. The late stage of the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks displays a bimodal volcanic rock association, i.. e., basaltic rocks from the Yiliekede Formation and the rhyolites from the Shangkuli Formation. The basaltic rocks are characterized by high alkali (especially K2O) contents, enrichment in LILEs and LREEs, belonging chemically to the shoshonitic series, whereas the rhyolitic rocks are similar to the A-type rhyolite. The bimodal volcanic rocks should form under an intense extensional setting. Combined with spacial distribution of the Mesozoic volcanic rocks, it is suggested that the formations of the Middle Jurassic and early stage of the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks could be related to the evolution of the Mongol-Okhotsk orogen, whereas the formation of the latest Early Cretaceous bimodal volcanic rocks should be related to subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian continent.

[Meng En; Xu WenLiang; Yang DeBin; Qiu KunFeng] Jilin Univ, Coll Earth Sci, Changchun 130061, Peoples R China.;[Li ChangHua; Zhu HongTao] CNNC, Geol Survey 243, Chifeng 024006, Peoples R China.

本文对满洲里地区灵泉盆地中生代火山岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究,以便对其岩石成因和区域构造演化给予制约。研究区内9个代表性火山岩中的锆石均呈自形-半自形晶,显示出典型的岩浆生长环带或条痕状吸收,结合其高的Th/U比值(0.25~7.78),暗示其岩浆成因。测年结果表明,研究区中生代火山岩可分为3期,分别以中侏罗世(约166Ma)塔木兰沟组玄武岩类、早白垩世早期(约142Ma)吉祥峰组流纹岩类和早白垩世晚期(约125Ma)上库力组流纹岩类和伊列克得组玄武岩类为代表。中侏罗世(塔木兰沟组)火山岩具有富碱、高钾和高的La/Yb、La/Nb、Hf/Sm、Nb/U和Ce/Pb比值,以及富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs)、轻稀土元素(LREEs)和亏损Nb等特征,暗示其形成应与陆壳加厚之后的岩石圈伸展作用有关;早白垩世早期(吉祥峰组)火山岩具有高硅、富碱、富K、Rb、Th及低Al、Mg、Ca、Ni、Cr、Ti等特点,类似于A型流纹岩,揭示其形成于陆内伸展环境;早白垩世晚期火山岩具双峰式组合特点,基性端元具有富碱、高钾、高度富集LILEs和LREEs,类似于钾玄质玄武岩,而酸性端元显示A型流纹岩特点,揭示该期火山岩应形成于一种与裂谷发育过程相似的强烈引张环境。结合区域中生代火山岩的空间展布特征,认为中-晚侏罗世和早白垩世早期火山岩的形成应与蒙古-鄂霍茨克缝合带的演化有关,而早白垩世晚期双峰式火山岩的形成应与太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的俯冲作用相联系。

... 孟恩等,2011 ...

2003

0.0

苗来成, 范蔚茗, 张福勤, 刘敦一, 简平, 施光海, 陶华, 石玉若. 2003. 小兴安岭西北部新开岭—科洛杂岩锆石SHRIMP年代学研究及其意义. 科学通报, 48(22): 2315-2323.

[Miao L

, Fan W

, Zhang F

, Liu D

, Jian

, Shi G

, Tao

, Shi Y

. 2003. SHRIMP zircon geochronology from Xinkailing-Kele complex in northwestern Xiao Hinggan Mts and its significance. Chinese Science Bulletin, 48(22): 2315-2323]

兴蒙造山带东段小兴安岭西北部出露的新开岭-科洛杂岩主要由变质岩、构造片岩和花岗岩类组成. 前人依据变质程度将该杂岩划归为前寒武纪变质岩. 本文报道了科洛杂岩(黑云斜长片麻岩)、新开岭群构造片岩、新开岭杂岩中的门鹿河顶子含黑云二长花岗岩和冷川花岗闪长岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄. 研究表明: (1) 科洛杂岩(黑云斜长片麻岩)的变质年龄为216±3 Ma(2 σ ), 原岩年龄为337±7 Ma(2 σ ). (2) 新开岭群构造片岩的原岩为中酸性火山岩, 喷发年龄为292±6 Ma(2 σ ); (3) 门鹿河顶子含黑云二长花岗岩侵位于167±4 Ma(2 σ ); (4) 冷川花岗闪长岩164±4 Ma(2 σ ). 这表明新开岭-科洛变质岩并不是前寒武纪变质岩, 以前认为的本区古陆块可能并不存在. 结合研究区及区域资料, 新开岭-科洛杂岩可能代表了与印支期碰撞有关的变质杂岩, 在碰撞造山后或非造山伸展背景下, 新开岭-科洛杂岩中的主要花岗岩类于中侏罗世侵位.

... 许文良等,2013)及具有活动大陆边缘岩石组合特征的侏罗纪花岗岩 (苗来成等,2003 ...

2007

0.0

隋振民, 葛文春, 吴福元, 张吉衡, 徐学纯, 程瑞玉. 2007. 大兴安岭东北部侏罗纪花岗质岩石的锆石 U-Pb 年龄、地球化学特征及成因. 岩石学报, 23(2): 461-480.

[Sui Z

, Ge W

, Wu F

, Zhang J

, Xu X

, Cheng R

. 2007. Zircon U-Pb ages, geochemistry and its petrogenesis of Jurassic granites in northeastern part of the Da Hinggan Mts. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 23(2): 461-480]

Abstract The U-Pb dating results determined by LA-ICPMS show that quite a large of Jurassic granites were still distributed inside the Proterozoic , Early and Late Paleozoic granite, which were recognized and categorized by predecessors. The intrusion seq

大兴安岭东北部花岗岩锆石的LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄测定结果表明,前人划分的元古代、早古生代和晚古生代的花岗岩有相当一部分是侏罗纪花岗岩.根据时间先后关系,可将本区侏罗纪花岗岩的侵位顺序划分为早、晚两期,其锆石U-Pb年龄分别为188～190 Ma和171～181 Ma,这些侏罗纪花岗岩的年龄数据与东北其它地区侏罗纪花岗岩完全可以对比.在地球化学特征上可以将这些花岗质岩石划分为低Sr高Yb型和高Sr低Yb型两类,它们有相同或相似的源岩组成而起源的深度不同,早期侵入的花岗岩为低Sr高Yb型,起源于压力较低的中地壳,而晚期侵入的花岗岩为高Sr低Yb型,类似于＂C＂型埃达克岩,起源于压力较高的下地壳.锆石Hf同位素成分特征表明,侏罗纪花岗岩的源区物质主要为新元古代和显生宙期间增生的地壳物质及两期增生地壳物质的混合物.本区侏罗纪花岗岩以花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩为主,为准铝质或弱过铝质、高钾钙碱性系列的Ⅰ型花岗岩,具有类似于活动大陆边缘花岗岩的岩石组合特征,属于呈北北东向带状展布的中国东北地区侏罗纪花岗岩带的一部分,其形成与古太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关.

... 隋振民等,2007) ...

... 多数学者将这种挤压作用归结为古太平洋板块俯冲作用的影响(隋振民等,2007 ...

2016

0.0

... 利用La/Th-Hf和Co/Th-La/Sc源岩属性判别图解(田景春和张翔,2016),也可以进行物源分析 ...

2013

0.0

... 5Ma年龄峰值占绝对优势,表明中侏罗世火山作用比较强烈,为万宝组沉积提供了充足的物源,同时岩石地球化学分析也表明该期物源多来自于上地壳,与突泉盆地万宝组一致(王杰等,2013) ...

2011

0.0

... 辛后田等,2011),主要为陆相中酸性火山熔岩和火山碎屑岩,为万宝组提供了晚古生代中酸性沉积物源 ...

1999

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2013

0.0

许文良, 王枫, 裴福萍, 孟恩, 唐杰, 徐美君, 王伟. 2013. 中国东北中生代构造体制与区域成矿背景: 来自中生代火山岩组合时空变化的制约. 岩石学报, 29(2): 339-353.

[Xu W

, Wang

, Pei F

, Meng

, Tang

, Xu M

, Wang

. 2013. Mesozoic tectonic regimes and regional ore-forming background in NE China: Constraints from spatial and temporal variations of Mesozoic volcanic rock associations. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 29(2): 339-353]

This paper summarizes geochronology and association of Mesozoic volcanic rocks and their spatial and temporal variations, with the aim of constraining evolutionary history, and ore-forming background of the circum Pacific and Mongol-Okhotsk tectonic systems in NE China. Zircon U-Pb dating results indicate that Mesozoic volcanisms in NE China can be subdivided into six stages, i.e., Late Triassic (200~228Ma), Early-Middle Jurassic (173~190Ma), Middle-Late Jurassic (158~166Ma), early Early Cretaceous (138~145Ma), late Early Cretaceous (106~133Ma), and Late Cretaceous (88~97Ma). Late Triassic volcanic rocks in NE China mainly distribute in the eastern Jilin-Heilongjiang provinces and the Lesser Xing’an-Zhangguangcai Ranges. The former consists of A-type rhyolite, the latter is composed of bimodal volcanic rocks, implying that they formed under an extensional environment after the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean. Early-Middle Jurassic volcanic rocks occur in the eastern Jilin-Heilongjiang provinces, the Lesser Xing’an-Zhangguangcai Ranges, and the Erguna district. Those in the eastern Jilin- Heilongjiang provinces and the Erguna district are composed of calc-alkaline volcanic rocks, suggesting that they formed under the subductions of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian continent and of the Mongol-Okhotsk oceanic plate beneath the Erguna Massif, respectively. However, those in the Lesser Xing’an-Zhangguangcai Ranges are a set of bimodal volcanic rocks, implying that they formed under an extensional environment similar to a back-arc setting of double-direction subduction. Middle-Late Jurassic and early Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks only distribute to the west of the Songliao basin, including the Great Xing’an Range and northern Hebei-western Liaoning provinces. Middle-Late Jurassic volcanic rocks consist of basaltic trachy-andesite, trachy-andesite, and trachyte, whereas early Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks are composed of A-type rhyolite and alkali rhyolite, which formed under an extensional environment related to the collapse or delamination of the thickened lower crust. The late Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks are widespread in NE China, those in the eastern Jilin-Heilongjiang provinces belong chemically to a set of calc-alkaline series, whereas those from the Songliao basin and the Great Xing’an Range are a bimodal volcanic rocks. The former marks the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian continent, the latter could form under an extensional environment related to the delamination of the thickened lower crust and/or a back-arc setting. Late Cretaceous volcanic rocks mainly occur in the eastern margin of the Eurasian continent, and consist of calc-alkaline series in the continental margin and alkali basalts in intracontinent, suggesting that they formed under the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate. Taken together, we conclude: 1) that the subduction of the circum Pacific tectonic system beneath the Eurasian continent began in the Early Jurassic and took place in three times (Early Jurassic, late Early Cretaceous, and Late Cretaceous) during Mesozoic; the influencing spatial extent of the circum Pacific tectonic system mainly include the Songliao basin and its to east; the active continental margin and Paleo-subduction zone are favorable sites in search of porphyry ore deposits, whereas an extensional regions within intracontinent are favorable for the formation of the epithermal hydrothermal ore deposits in the eastern Jilin-Heilongjiang provinces; 2) that the Mongol-Okhotsk tectonic system experienced Early Mesozoic subduction beneath the Erguna Massif, and Middle Jurassic and early Early Cretaceous thrusting events; the influencing spatial extent of the Mongol-Okhotsk tectonic system include to west of the Songliao basin and northern margin of the North China Craton; the Early Mesozoic subduction of the Mongol-Okhotsk oceanic plate beneath the Erguna Massif is favorable for the formation of porphyry deposits, whereas the extensional environment related to the collapse or delamination of the thickened lower crust in Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous are favorable for formation of polymetallic deposits.

本文系统总结了东北地区中生代火山岩的年代学、岩石组合及其时空分布规律,以便对环太平洋构造体系和蒙古-鄂霍茨克构造体系中生代的演化历史及其东北地区中生代区域成矿背景给出制约。基于火山岩中锆石U-Pb定年结果,东北地区中生代火山作用可划分成六期:晚三叠世(200~228Ma)、早-中侏罗世(173~190Ma)、中-晚侏罗世(158~166Ma)、早白垩世早期(138~145Ma)、早白垩世晚期(106~133Ma) 和晚白垩世(88~97Ma)。晚三叠世火山作用主要分布在吉黑东部和小兴安岭-张广才岭地区,前者为A型流纹岩,后者为双峰式火山岩组合,它们共同揭示了古亚洲洋最终闭合后的伸展环境;早-中侏罗世火山岩主要分布在吉黑东部、小兴安岭-张广才岭和额尔古纳地区,吉黑东部和额尔古纳地区早-中侏罗世钙碱性火山岩的存在分别标志着古太平洋板块和蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋板块俯冲作用的发生,而小兴安岭-张广才岭早-中侏罗世火山岩则以双峰式火成岩组合为特征,反映了双向俯冲的弧后伸展环境;中-晚侏罗世和早白垩世早期火山岩主要分布在松辽盆地以西和冀北-辽西地区,前者为碱性-亚碱性的过渡系列,主要由玄武粗安岩、粗安岩和少量粗面岩组成,后者为A型流纹岩或碱性流纹岩组成,这些火山岩形成于加厚陆壳的坍塌或拆沉阶段;早白垩世晚期火山岩广泛分布于东北地区,吉黑东部为钙碱性火山岩组合,而松辽盆地和大兴安岭地区则主要为双峰式火山岩组合,前者标志着古太平洋板块的俯冲,后者与早期加厚陆壳的拆沉和/或类似弧后的伸展环境有关;晚白垩世火山岩主要分布在吉黑东部和陆内,前者为钙碱性火山岩组合,后者为碱性玄武岩,反映了来自东部环太平洋构造体系的俯冲作用。综合上述中生代火山岩的岩石组合及时空分布特征,可以判定:1)环太平洋构造体系对东亚大陆下的俯冲始于早侏罗世,中生代期间存在早侏罗世、早白垩世晚期和晚白垩世三次俯冲事件,其影响的空间范围主要在松辽盆地及其以东地区,陆缘和古俯冲带是寻找斑岩型矿床的有利场所,而陆内的伸展区域主要与浅成低温热液矿床有关;2)蒙古-鄂霍茨克构造体系经历了中生代早期的俯冲事件和中侏罗世及早白垩世早期两次陆内推覆事件,其影响的空间范围主要在松辽盆地以西地区和华北地块北缘,中生代早期的俯冲事件主要与活动陆缘背景下的斑岩型矿床关系密切,而晚侏罗世和早白垩世两次与加厚陆壳拆沉有关的伸展背景有利于多金属矿床的形成。

... 许文良等,2013)及具有活动大陆边缘岩石组合特征的侏罗纪花岗岩 (苗来成等,2003 ...

2008

0.0

... 由于各种类型的母岩所含矿物组分不同,经剥蚀之后的风化产物具有不同的重矿物组合,因此根据重矿物的组合特征能有效地反映出母岩类型(闫臻等,2008 ...

2018

0.0

... 杨梅等,2018) ...

2013

0.0

杨仁超, 李进步, 樊爱萍, 宗敏, 张涛. 2013. 陆源沉积岩物源分析研究进展与发展趋势. 沉积学报, 31(1): 99-107.

[Yang R

, Li J

, Fan A

, Zong

, Zhang

. 2013. Research progress and development tendency of provenance analysis on terrigenous sedimentary rocks. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 31(1): 99-107]

Provenance analysis on terrigenous sedimentary rocks is significant for all of palaeogeomorphology remolding, palaeogeography reconstruction, palaeoenvironment and palaeoclimate recovering, original basin resuming, sedimentary basin reappearing, depositional system analysis, sedimentary deposits forecasting, petroleum reservoir predicting, parent rock property tracing, geotectonics settings analysis, crust and geotectonics evolvement resume, and study on coupling of basin and moutains. We summarized traditional provenance analysis methods and research progress of sedimentological method, petrographic method, heavy mineral method, element geochemistry method, geochronology method, clay mineral method, fossil and biomarker method, and geophysics method. We also introduced new methods on provenance analysis of magnetic mineralogy method, mineral microtexture method upraise in recent years. Herewith, we prospect development tendency of provenance analysis: with constantly upraising of new technique and new method, provenance analysis transferring from traditional methods to modern testing technics, from single technique to colligation of multiple methods, from one subject to alliance and overlap of multiple disciplines, from qualitative analysis to quantitative analysis. 

Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083

陆源沉积岩物源分析对于古地理重建、古环境与古气候恢复、沉积盆地分析、沉积矿产预测、大地构造背景分析及盆山耦合研究等均具有重要意义。在大量文献调研的基础上，本文总结了沉积学方法、岩石学方法、重矿物方法、元素地球化学方法、地质年代学方法、粘土矿物学方法、化石及生标化合物方法及地球物理学方法等传统的物源分析方法及其研究进展；并介绍了近年来出现的磁性矿物学方法、矿物颗粒微形貌分析等物源分析新方法。由此展望了物源分析的发展趋势：随着新技术新方法的不断涌现，物源分析将从传统方法向现代测试技术的转化，从单一方法到多方法的综合运用，从单一学科走向多学科联合交叉，从定性分析向定量分析发展。

... 杨仁超等,2013),而且是探索盆地演化及其动力学过程的一项重要内容 ...

2012

0.0

... 240Ma)(杨雅军等,2012),该期火山岩喷发持续时间较长,间歇时间相对短,喷发范围广,为万宝组提供了三叠纪中酸性沉积物源,这与区域上巴林右旗岩浆活动(248 ...

2008

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张宏, 王明新, 柳小明. 2008. LA-ICP-MS 测年对辽西—冀北地区髫髻山组火山岩上限年龄的限定. 科学通报, 53(15): 1815-1824.

[Zhang

, Wang M

, Liu X

. 2008. Constraints on the upper boundary age of the Tiaojishan Formation volcanic rocks in West Liaoning-North Hebei by LA-ICP-MS dating. Chinese Science Bulletin, 53(15): 1815-1824]

在辽西-冀北地区, 髫髻山组火山岩发育, 同时它的测年数据也较多, 但是, 由于测年数据的差别较大, 因而影响了相关地质问题的认识和研究. 在野外, 髫髻山组火山岩与之上的土城子组常常同时出露, 两者是平行不整合接触. 通过对该地区典型的中生代盆地(即冀北的滦平盆地、承德盆地, 辽西的凌源三十家子盆地、金岭寺-羊山盆地)中髫髻山组火山岩的系统采样, 尤其对上部层位进行了系统的采样, 应用LA-ICP-MS方法进行了测年, 并结合前人的测年结果, 得出了髫髻山组火山岩的上限年龄在156~153 Ma之间, 并认为髫髻山组火山岩的下限年龄应该在165 Ma附近, 髫髻山组应该是中侏罗世晚期到晚侏罗世的产物.

... 张宏等,2008),认为大兴安岭中生代火山岩可能为古太平洋板块俯冲作用及后继作用的产物 ...

2015

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张渝金, 吴新伟, 江斌, 郭威, 杨雅军, 刘世伟, 崔天日, 李伟, 李林川, 司秋亮, 张超. 2015. 大兴安岭扎兰屯地区格根敖包组碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学特征及其地质意义. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 45(2): 404-416.

[Zhang Y

, Wu X

, Jiang

, Guo

, Yang Y

, Liu S

, Cui T

, Li

, Li L

, Si Q

, Zhang

. 2015. U-Pb geochronology of detrital zircon and the constraint of geochemistry the from the Gegen'aobao Formation in Middle of Zalantun area of Da Hinggan Mountains and its tectonic significance. Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 45(2): 404-416]

The Gegen'aobao Formation is widely exposed in the middle of Da Hinggan area. It is a combination of neutral partial volcanic and clastic rocks with main composition of andesite, andesitic pyroclastic rocks, dacite, fine-siltstone, and thin mudstone. We obtained the age of fine grained clastic rock in Gegen'aobao Formation by means of LA-ICP MS zircon U-Pb dating; and also discussed the paleontology stratigraphy of Gegen'aobao Formation. The results show that the fine clastic rock was formed in Late Carboniferous to Early Permian. Four main ages were observed, 348.9, 385.8, 428.0 and 507.3 Ma. Several fossils like Artisia sp., Eusigillaris sp. were found in siltstone. Fine-grained greywacke and feldspathic greywacke (debris) sandstones are the major clastic rocks in the Gegen'aobao Formation. The average bulk chemical composition of these rocks is SiO 2 69.04%, Al 2 O 3 14.76%, MgO 1.05%, CaO 0.66%, Na 2 O 2.34%, and K 2 O 2.65% in weight. Mg/Al ratio ( M ) is 3.05 to 9.98, with an average value of 7.18. The total weight of REE (∑REE) ranges from 124.06×10 -6 to 261.96×10 -6 with the average value of 184.46×10 -6 . The value for δ Eu and δ Ce are 0.71 and 0.99 respectively. The clastic rocks are characterized by LREE enrichment and HREE depletion. These results indicate that Gegen'aobao Formation was formed between the continental island arc and the active continental margin, under a warm and humid paleoclimate condition.

1. College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China; 2. Shenyang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources/Shenyang Center of Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110034, China

格根敖包组广泛分布在大兴安岭中段扎兰屯地区,为一套偏中性的火山岩及碎屑岩组合,主要为安山岩、安山质火山碎屑岩、英安岩及细-粉砂岩,夹薄层泥岩。笔者对格根敖包组中细碎屑岩进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学及古生物地层学研究,结果表明:格根敖包组细碎屑岩形成于晚石炭世至早二叠世,锆石U-Pb年龄集中于348.9,385.8,428.0和507.3 Ma 4个峰值;粉砂岩中存在 Artisia sp., Eusigillaris sp.等化石。格根敖包组碎屑岩主要以细粒杂砂岩和细粒长石(岩屑)砂岩为主,主量元素平均质量分数 w (SiO 2 )=69.04%, w (Al 2 O 3 )=14.76%, w (MgO)=1.05%, w (CaO)=0.66%, w (Na 2 O)=2.34%, w (K 2 O)=2.65%;镁铝比值 M 为3.05~9.98,平均值7.18;稀土元素总量∑REE平均184.46×10 -6 ((124.06~261.96)×10 -6 ), δ Eu平均值0.71, δ Ce平均值0.99,LREE富集,HREE亏损。上述结果表明,格根敖包组地层形成于大陆岛弧-活动陆缘附近,古地理显示为温暖潮湿气候下的海陆交互相沉积环境。

... 主量元素测试精度和准确度优于5%,微量元素测试精度和准确度优于10%(张渝金等,2015) ...

... 张渝金等,2015 ...

2016

0.0

2018

0.0

... 1Ma(张渝金等,2018),应形成于燕山运动第1幕,当时强烈的构造活动伴以岩浆作用和火山喷发作用,造成东北地区存在许多北北东或北东向小型断陷盆地,龙江盆地即是其中之一 ...

... 笔者前期研究了该地层中的火山岩,其构造背景也表现出与俯冲作用有关的特点(张渝金等,2018) ...

2008

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张志萍, 林春明, 李艳丽, 岳信东, 张霞, 徐深谋, 漆滨汶. 2008. 内蒙古二连盆地白音查干凹陷达尔其地区下白垩统腾格尔组物源分析及沉积特征. 古地理学报, 10(6): 599-612.

[Zhang Z

, Lin C

, Li Y

, Yue X

, Zhang

, Xu S

, Qi B

. 2008. Sedimentary characteristics and provenance analysis of the Lower Cretaceous Tenggeer Formation in Daerqi area of Baiyinchagan sag, Erlian Basin, Inner Mongolia. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 10(6): 599-612]

Sedimentary characteristics and the planar distribution of sedimentary facies of four intervals of the Tenggeer Formation were investigated based on core observation， well logging data and regional information in Daerqi area. The researches show that during the deposition of the Tenggeer Formation， braidedfluvial delta， lacustrine and turbidite facies were deposited in Daerqi area. From the margin to the center of the sag， the sedimentary environments gradually changed from braidedfluvial delta， shoreshallow lacustrine to semideep and deep lacustrine settings. During the deposition of the Tenggeer Formation， transgression occurred in Daerqi area. Vertically， braidedfluvial delta and lacustrine deposits were prograded. Turbidite facies was deposited near Well Da 17 in interval Ⅵ of the Tenggeer Formation. Based on the analyses of thin sections and heavy mineral data， the clastic components were observed and the relative content were calculated. The heavy mineral coefficients of stability and changing patterns of the ZTR index were analyzed. The results indicated that the provenance of Daerqi area was from the Saihuduge uplift and was characterized by a shortdistance transportation and quick accumulation. The compositional maturities were different at different depths of the same well. It is concluded that the sediments were deposited multicyclically and spasmodically. Based on the types of clastics and heavy mineral associations， the parent rocks of Daerqi area are of three types: intermediate and basic magmatic rocks， sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks.

1 State Key Laboratory of Ore Genesis， Department of Earth Sciences， Nanjing University， Nanjing210093，Jiangsu 2 Exploration Department of Shanghai Branch of CNOOC， Shanghai200030

通过岩心观察、录测井资料分析，并结合区域地质资料，对达尔其地区下白垩统腾格尔组4个砂层组的沉积特征及沉积相平面分布进行了深入研究。结果表明，腾格尔组沉积时期达尔其地区整体处于水进时期，主要发育辫状河三角洲、湖泊和浊积相3种沉积相类型。从凹陷边缘至中心，由辫状河三角洲、滨浅湖逐渐变为半深湖—深湖沉积；自下而上，辫状河三角洲沉积范围逐渐缩小，湖泊沉积规模逐渐增大。浊积相分布在腾格尔组Ⅵ砂层组达17井附近。在薄片和重矿物资料的基础上，通过观察碎屑组分并计算其相对百分含量、分析重矿物稳定系数和ZTR指数变化规律，认为达尔其地区沉积物来自赛呼都格凸起方向，具有短距离搬运和快速堆积的沉积特点；根据同一井在不同井段砂岩成分成熟度的不同，判断沉积物具有多旋回、阵发性的沉积特点；由岩屑类型及重矿物组合特征推断达尔其地区母岩岩性为中基性岩浆岩、沉积岩和变质岩。

... 张志萍等,2008 ...

2003

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... 沉积物搬运过程、源区特点、古气候、古地貌及岩石组合类型等提供依据(赵红格和刘池洋,2003 ...

2004

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... 早、中侏罗世,中亚造山带发生了重要转变,即由古亚洲洋构造体系向古太平洋构造体系的转折(赵越等,2004 ...

2013

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郑勇, 孔屏. 2013. 四川盆地西缘晚新生代大邑砾岩的物源及其成因: 来自重矿物和孢粉的证据. 岩石学报, 29(8): 2949-2958.

[Zheng

, Kong

. 2013. Provenance and origin of the Late Cenozoic Dayi conglomerates in the western margin of the Sichuan Basin: New insights from heavy mineral and spore-pollen assemblages. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 29(8): 2949-2958]

The collision between Indian and Eurasian plates initiated in the Early Cenozoic produced the high Tibetan Plateau. Accompanied with the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau Tertiary sediments are almost absent in the adjacent Sichuan Basin, and the preserved oldest deposits are the Late Cenozoic Dayi conglomerates. Therefore, Dayi conglomerates can potentially provide information on palaeoenvironments and tectonic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau and adjacent areas. This paper reports heavy mineral compositions and spore-pollen assemblage within three Dayi conglomerates and a modern sand sample from the bank of the Min River and attempts to understand the origin of Dayi conglomerates through provenance analysis and sedimentation environment studies. Dayi conglomerates contain a variety of heavy minerals, which suggests that the provenance of the Dayi conglomerates covers a wide range of petrologic types. Except for extremely unstable minerals, the similarity in heavy mineral compositions between a newly exposed Dayi conglomerate and the modern sand from the Min River suggests that the Dayi conglomerates were delivered to the Sichuan Basin by the Min River, and during which time the Min River already dissected the Longmen Shan and was sourced to Songpan-Ganzi flysch belt. Garnet rarely occurs in natural profiles of Dayi conglomerates and we attribute this to intense weathering in an acidic environment. Spore-pollen is very scarce in the Dayi conglomerates with a concentration of 0.2 grains/g. Species are mostly derived from alpine coniferous forest and a few from deciduous broad-leaf and herbaceous plants. Such an assemblage reflects cold environment. Together with available chronological data for the Dayi conglomerates, we prefer that the Dayi conglomerates are glaciofluvial deposits formed ~2.0Ma ago. Formation of Dayi conglomerates reflects Early Quaternary cold environment in the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.

新生代早期印度与欧亚板块的俯冲碰撞造就了巍峨高耸的青藏高原。然而,在其相邻的四川盆地,伴随青藏高原强烈隆升所堆积的碎屑沉积物,最老仅能追索到晚新生代的大邑砾岩。因此,解读广泛发育于四川盆地西缘的大邑砾岩成因对获取青藏高原及其周缘古环境信息及理解相关的构造演化过程具有重要意义。本文报告了对三个典型大邑砾岩剖面样品的重矿物和孢粉组合研究结果,试图从大邑砾岩的物源区和沉积环境来解读大邑砾岩的成因。大邑砾岩中重矿物种类繁多,表明相应物源区具有多种岩石类型。除极不稳定矿物外,大邑砾岩新鲜剖面样品的重矿物组合与现代岷江沉积极其相似,表明大邑砾岩是经由岷江通道输送到四川盆地的;富含石榴子石等远源矿物表明当时的古岷江已切穿龙门山,深入到松潘-甘孜褶皱带内。孢粉分析显示孢粉含量极低,为0.2粒/克,孢粉类型以高山黯针叶林成分为主,混有少量落叶阔叶林和草本植物花粉,显示了高寒的环境。结合已有的年代学结果,本文认为大邑砾岩是形成于2.0Ma的冰水沉积物,其形成反映了青藏高原第四纪早期的寒冷环境。

... 郑勇和孔屏,2013 ...

2017

0.0

... 朱志军和郭福生,2017) ...

1983

0.0

... 砂岩的地球化学成分与构造环境有着很好的对应关系,根据F1'-F2'构造环境判别图解(Bhatia, 1983),万宝组碎屑岩原岩形成于大陆岛弧环境,部分为被动陆缘环境和大洋岛弧(图 8),表明中侏罗世研究区碎屑物质原岩大部分来自于大陆岛弧的构造背景 ...

1985

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... 依据Bhatia(1985)归纳总结了不同构造背景下的砂岩REE特征值,将研究区沉积岩的有关参数与各种构造背景下的砂岩参数进行对比(表 5)发现,研究区中侏罗统万宝组砂岩化学成分多与大陆岛弧相似,部分接近活动大陆边缘特征 ...

1986

0.0

... Bhatia和Crook(1986)通过对砂岩和泥岩地球化学特征的研究,认为La、Th、Y、Zr、Co等不活泼微量元素比较稳定,能够用来判别物源区的构造环境,并归纳出多种判别图解 ...

2008

0.0

... Damiani and Giorgetti,2008 ...

1998

0.0

... 2 重矿物分析重矿物因其耐磨蚀并具有较高的稳定性、能够较多地保留母岩的特征,所以在各时代沉积物物源分析研究中得到广泛应用(Dill, 1998 ...

2009

0.0

... Giorgetti et al ...

1975

0.0

... 据Pettijohn(1975)分析,重矿物大多具有某种特殊类型母岩的判断标志(表 1) ...

1988

0.0

... 将研究区的测试结果投在F1-F2判别图解上(Roser and Korsch,1988),可以看出物源主要为酸性火山岩源区,少量为中性火山岩区(图 7),表明中侏罗世研究区碎屑物质可能大部分来自于酸性火山岩物源区,少数为中性火山岩物源区 ...

2007

0.0

... Wu et al ...