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Early Cretaceous dynamic evolution of paleo-landscape and eastward migration of Jehol Biota in North China
SONG Shuangshuang1,2, SUO Yanhui1,2, LI Sanzhong1,2, DING Xuesong3, HAN Xu1,2, TIAN Zihan1,2, FU Xinjian1,2
1 Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System,Key Lab of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques,MOE and College of Marine Geosciences,Ocean University of China,Shandong Qingdao 266100,China
2 Laboratory for Marine Mineral Resources,Laoshan Laboratory,Shandong Qingdao 266237,China
3 University of California Los Angeles,Department of Earth,Planetary and Space Sciences,Los Angeles CA90095,USA
About the corresponding author SUO Yanhui,born in 1987,is a professor and a Ph.D. supervisor of the College of Marine Geosciences,Ocean University of China. She is mainly engaged in researches on marine geology and marine geodynamics. E-mail: suoyh@ouc.edu.cn.
About the first author SONG Shuangshuang,born in 1998,is a master degree candidate of the College of Marine Geosciences,Ocean University of China, and majors in marine geology. E-mail: sss599049576@163.com.
Fund:Co-funded by the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Laoshan Laboratory(No. LSKJ202204400),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 42121005, 91958214),the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(Nos. ZR2021ZD09,ZR2021YQ25)and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No. 202172003)
Abstract
It is suggested that the spatio-temporal evolution of the Jehol Biota in northeastern North China is driven by the North China Craton destruction during the Early Cretaceous,due to the abrupt changes in paleogeographic environment. However,little quantitative work on the dynamic paleo-landscape evolution in North China has been done. In this study,we employed paleosoil weathering indices( PWI and CFXNa)and carbonate isotopes to reconstruct the paleo-elevation of North China around 145 ma. We then integrated factors such as tectonic movements,sedimentology,paleoclimate,and sea level changes using the Badlands software to model the Early Cretaceous paleo-landscape evolution of North China. Our findings reveal that the eastern North China experienced an abrupt geomorphological transition from the collapse of a paleo-plateau to the formation of the Bohai Bay Basin due to the subduction retreat of the paleo-Pacific Plate. The geomorphological transitions led to the formation of a series of eastward-migrating rifted basins,including several newly-formed isolated intermountain basins in the Yanshan area where the Jehol Biota first emerged. Frequent volcanic activity provides rich nutrients for the lakes,and the paleoclimate turns to warm and humid gradually,which provide favorable conditions for the prosperity of the Jehol Biota. The eastward migrating subsidence basin,eruption of volcanoes and suitable paleoclimate jointly controlled the eastward migration of the Jehol Biota.
Key words:
North China Craton; Early Cretaceous paleo-landscape; Jehol Biota; subsidence basin
图 3 华北关键地质时期古地理与模拟古高程(a图据朱日祥和郑天愉, 2019; b图据王鸿祯, 1985)Fig.3 Comparison between modeled results with corresponding palaeogeography in key geological period in North China (Fig. a according to Zhu and Zheng, 2019; Fig. b according to Wang, 1985)
古降水和海平面升降是影响地表岩石侵蚀、沉积物搬运以及流域地貌演变的重要参数(Watts et al., 1984; Salles et al., 2018)。本研究使用了Badlands软件中的降水模拟模块及Haq等(1987)海平面重建方案进行古流域重建, 年平均降水量使用Badlands软件默认值1000mm/a。
图 4 鄂尔多斯盆地模拟剖面与实际地质剖面对比(据公王斌等, 2016; 剖面位置见 图 1)Fig.4 Comparison between modeled profile and geological profile in Ordos Basin(after Gong et al., 2016; profile location in Fig.1)
图 6 中国晚中生代古环境— 古气候— 古生物演变(a)和热河生物群平面分布(b)(修改自王大宁等, 2016; Qin et al., 2022)Fig.6 Paleoenvironment-paleoclimate-paleontological evolution in the late Mesozoic(a) and distribution of the Jehol Biota(b) in China (modified from Wang et al., 2016; Qin et al., 2022)
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... 热河生物群,早期以东方叶肢介(Eosestheria)、三尾拟蜉蝣(Ephemeropsis trisetalis)和狼鳍鱼(Lycoptera davidi)为典型代表(Chen et al ...