Abstract：Wetlands play an important role in the global environmental change，and phytolith analysis in surface soil of wetlands is a basis for reconstructing the palaeoenvironment in the Quaternary.In this paper，surface soil phytoliths were analyzed in six wetlands from Huanan to Hani in Changbai Shan area.The results show that the phytolith assemblages in all wetlands surface soil samples except for Shalan are similar.Elongate，crenate，rondel and point-shaped phytoliths are dominant，which reveals the cold climate.PCA and cluster analysis are used to find the environmental significance of the phytoliths assemblages in different wetlands surface soils.The results indicate that temperature is the chief factor to control the otherness of phytoliths assemblages in wetlands in Changbai Shan area，at the same time，the types and percentages of phytoliths are closely related to the plants，humidity and elevation in the sample sites.Combining difference analysis with the change trend analysis in phytolith dimension，we can find that the width and length of bicrenate，polycrenate and crenate sinuate as well as the length of elongate psilate，the length of ridge and the height in rondel hipped and width of the point-shaped phytoliths exist significant difference and increase with the temperature.In sum，the phytolith morphotypes in all the sites are similar，but differences in the warm index and the size of the phytoliths are obvious.The result reveals that the phytolith assemblages and the size are sensitive to temperature change.
Guo Meie,Jie Dongmei,Ge Yong et al. Phytolith characteristics and their significance of environment in surface soils from wetlands of Changbai Shan area[J]. JOPC, 2012, 14(5): 639-650.
顾延生，秦养民，朱宗敏，等.2007.浙江长兴中—晚更新世红土植硅体与分子化石记录及其环境意义［J］.海洋地质与第四纪地质，27(1):125-130. 郭梅娥，吴凡，黄莹莹，等.2012.1.4 ka来长白山北坡植硅体组合气候变化及林线变迁［J］.地球科学前沿，2:16-23. 黄翡，Kealhofer Lisa，黄凤宝.2004.内蒙古草原中东部现代表土植硅体组合与植被关系［J］.微体古生物学报，21(4):419-430. 介冬梅，葛勇，郭继勋，等.2010.中国松嫩草原羊草植硅体对全球变暖和氮沉降模拟的响应研究［J］.环境科学，31(8):1708-1715. 李长安，顾延生.1997.网纹红土中植硅体组合及其环境意义的初步探究［J］.地球科学——中国地质大学学报，22(2):195-198. 李荣麟，介冬梅，刘艳萍，等.2011.东北长白山区北部虎山泥炭剖面植硅体的环境指示意义［J］.微体古生物学报，28(3):329-336. 吕厚远，吴乃琴，刘东生，等.1996.150ka来宝鸡黄土植硅体组合季节性气候变化［J］.中国科学(D)，26(2):132-136. 熊尚发，丁仲礼，刘东生.2000.南方红土网纹:古森林植物根系的土壤学证据［J］.科学通报，45(12):1317-1321. 王伟铭，刘金陵，周晓丹.2003.南京直立人洞穴沉积的植硅体气候指数研究［J］.科学通报，48(11):1205-1208. 王永吉，吕厚远.1993.植物硅酸体研究及应用［M］.北京: 海洋出版社，1-228. 张新荣.2006.东北地区晚全新世泥炭沉积的植硅体气候指示意义研究［D］.吉林大学博士论文. 张新荣，胡克，王东坡.2007.东北地区泥炭表土中植硅体的形态特征［J］.地理科学，27(6): 831-836. 张文璋.2002.实用统计分析方法与SPSS应用［M］.北京:电子工业出版社，221-236. Abrantes F.2003.A 340，000 year continental climate record from tropical Africa-news from opal phytoliths from the equatorial Atlantic［J］.Earth and Planetary Science Letters，209:165-179. Barboni D，Bonne fille R，Alexandre A et al.，1999.Phytoliths as palaeoenvironmental indicators，West Side Middle Awash Valley，Ethiopia［J］.Palaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology，Palaeoecology，152: 87-100. Blinnkov M，Busacca A，Whitlock C.2002.Reconstruction of the late Pleistocene grassland of the Columbia basin，Washington，USA，based on phytolith records in loess［J］.Palaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology，Palaeoecology，177: 77-101. Boyd M.2005.Phytoliths as the late environmental indicators in a dune field on the northern Great Plains［J］.Journal of Arid Environments，61(3):357-375. Brown D A.1984.Prospects and limits of a phytolith key for grasses in the central United States［J］.Journal of Archaeological Science，11: 345-368. Carter J A.2002.Phytolith analysis and paleoenvironmental reconstruction from Lake Poukawa Core，Hawkes Bay，New Zealand［J］.Global and Planetary Change，33: 257-267. Carter J A，Lian O B.2000.Paleoenvironmental reconstruction from the last interglacial using phytolith analysis，south eastern North Island，New Zealand［J］.Journal of Quaternary Science，15(7):733-743. Carnelli A L，Theurillat J P，Madella M.2004.Phytolith types and type-frequencies in subalpine-alpine plant species of the European Alps［J］.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology，129: 39-65. Charles D T，Isabel I A.2005.Paleoenvironment and plant cultivation on terraces at La Quemada，Zacatecas，Mexico: The pollen，phytolith and diatom evidence［J］.Journal of Archaeological Science，32: 341-353. Fredlund G G，Tieszen L L.1997.Calibrating grass phytolith assemblages in climatic terms: Application to late Pleistocene assemblages from Kansas and Nebraska［J］.Palaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology，Palaeoecology，136: 199-211. Gu Y S，Pearsall D M，Xie S C.2008.Vegetation and fire history of a Chinese site in southern tropical Xishuangbanna derived from phytolith and charcoal records from Holocene sediments［J］.Journal of Biogeography，35: 325-341. Guo M E，Jie D M，Liu H M， et al. 2012.Phytolith analysis of selected wetland plants from Changbai Shan region and implications for palaeoenvironment［J］.Quaternary International 250: 119-128. Horrocks M，Deng Y，Ogden J， et al. 2000.A reconstruction of the history of a Holocene sand dune on Great Barrier Island，northern New Zealand，using pollen and phytolith analyses［J］.Journal of Biogeography，27:1269-1277. Honaine M F，Zucol A F，Osterrieth M L.2006.Phytolith assemblages and dystematic associations in grassland species of the South-Eastern Pampean Plains，Argentina［J］.Annals of Botany，98: 1155-1165. Iriarte J，Paz E A.2009.Phytolith analysis of selected native plants and modern soils from southeastern Uruguay and its implications for paleoenvironmental and archaeological reconstruction［J］.Quarternary International，193: 99-123. Lü H Y，Liu Z X，Wu N Q， et al. 2002.Rice domestication and climatic change: Phytolith evidence from East China［J］.Boreas，31: 378-385. Lü H Y，Wu N Q，Liu K B， et al. 2007.Phytoliths as quantitative indicators for the construction of past environmental conditions in China Ⅱ: Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction in the Loess Plateau［J］.Quaternary Science Reviews，26: 759-772. Morris L R，Baker F A，Morris C，et al.2009.Phytolith types and type-frequencies in native and introduced species of the sagebrush steppe and pinyon-juniper woodlands of the Great Basin，USA［J］.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology，157: 339-357. Mulholland S C.1989.Phytoliths shape frequencies in North Dakota grasses: A comparison to general patterns［J］.Journal of Archaeological Science，16: 489-511. Parr J F.1999.The spatial patterning of palaeo-forest disturbance at an archaeological site on Garua Island，West New Britain，as indicated by fossil phytoliths［D］.Unpublished B.Appl.Sc.(Hons.)dissertation.Lismore:Southern Cross University. Piperno D R.1988.Phytoliths Analysis: An Archaeological and Geological Perspective［M］.San Diego:Academic Pess. Piperno D R.2006.Phytoliths: A Comprehensive Guide for Archaeologists and Paleogeologists［M］.New York：Altamira Press. Piperno D R，Jones J G.2003.Paleoecological and archaeological implications of a Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene record of vegetation and climate from the Pacific coastal plain of Panama［J］.Quaternary Research，59:79-87. Prebble M，Shulmeister J.2002.An analysis of phytolith assemblages for the quantitative reconstruction of late Quaternary environments of the Lower Taieri Plain，otago，South Island，New Zealand: Ⅱ.Paleoenvironmental reconstruction［J］.Journal of Paleolimnology，27(4):415-427. Sase T，Hosono M，Utsgawa T， et al. 1987.Opal phytolith analysis of present and buried volcanic ash soils in Te Ngae Road tephra section，Rotorua Basin，North Island，New Zealand［J］.Quaternary Research，27:153-163. Thorn V C.2004a.Phytolith evidence for C4-dominated grassland since the early Holocene at Long Pocket，northeast Queensland，Australia［J］.Quaternary Research，61:168-180. Thorn V C.2004b.Phytoliths from subantarctic Campbell Island: Plant production and soil surface spectra［J］.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 132：37-59. Twiss P C，Suess E, Smith R M.1969.Morphological classification of grass phytoliths［J］.Soil Science Society of America Proceedings，33: 109-115. Twiss P C.1992.Predicted world distribution of C3 and C4 grass phytoliths［D］.In: G.Rapp，Jr，Mulholland S C(eds).Phytolith systematics: Emerging issues.New York: Plenum Press，13-128. Wang X M，Sun X J，Wang P X，et al.2009.Vegetation on the Sunda Shelf，South China Sea，during the Last Glacial Maximum［J］.Palaeogeography，Palaeoclimatology，Palaeoecology，278: 88-97.
