Analysis of heavy rain-flood-disaster process of the flood disaster in Hai-he River basin in 1939
Ma Yaling1, Ye Yu1, 2, Wan Jinhong1, 3, Fang Xiuqi1
1 School of Geography,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875; 2 Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Natural Disaster,Ministry of Education,BNU,Beijing 100875; 3 Institute of History of Water Conservancy,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038
Abstract：The year 1939 was one of the extreme flood years in the Hai-he River basin in the 20th Century. Based on historical records and hydrological observation data,we analysed the process of rainfall,the route of flood and the damages of the flood disaster in 1939 in Hai-he River basin. Results are as follows: (1)The flood disaster that was caused by three large-scale concentrated torrential rain in July and August happened in July 9-15,July 23-29 and August 11-13 respectively. The centers of the three storm were in Changping-Zijingguan-Zhongtangmei area,where the rainfall reached over 1000 mm and gradually decreased from the center to eastward and westward. (2)The water levels of the rivers in Hai-he River basin rose and fell following with the change of the rainfall in July and August by lagged one to two days. All rivers reached their maximum flow and the highest water level,and began to overflow and burst,after the rainfall in July 23-29. The water levels began to fall lowly up to the end of August,when the rain season stopped in the upper reaches of the Hai-he Rivers. The water levels of rivers in Tianjin municipality dropped rapidly in mid-September,but the flood did not ended until October. However,the waterlog lasted to 1940. (3)The flood disaster in 1939 occurred both in the north part and the south part of the Hai-he River basin. More than 150 counties were in the flood area. In most of the counties,the harvest was reduced or even no harvest production. The counties with more than 80% damaged cropland were along the lower reaches of the Daqing River and Yongding River,and the area of the lower reaches of the South Canal near by Tianjin municipality.
Ma Yaling,Ye Yu,Wan Jinhong et al. Analysis of heavy rain-flood-disaster process of the flood disaster in Hai-he River basin in 1939[J]. JOPC, 2017, 19(5): 927-934.
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