SHAN Xin1,2, LI Shunli3, SHI Xuefa1,2, TAN Chengpeng4
1 Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny,First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources, Shandong Qingdao 266061,China; 2 Laboratory for Marine Geology,Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao 266061,China; 3 School of Energy Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China; 4 Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment,Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China
Abstract：The strait is distinguished from delta or shelf in having unique sedimentary processes and sediment distribution. Straits show a wide variety of shapes,with a length ranging from a few kilometers to several hundred kilometers and a depth ranging from several tens of meters to more than one kilometer. The strait shows a mouth shape toward open sea and becomes wider and deeper seaward. When ocean current flow through the narrow end of strait,the flow velocity increases and erosions occur here. After the flow through the narrowest part of strait,the oceanic currents enter a wider zone,causing a decreased flow velocity and deposition in this zone. Tidal processes are probably the most important transport agents for shallow-water strait. Other processes include uni-directional oceanic current and sediment gravity flow. Deep-water strait is dominated by oceanic currents and sediment gravity flows. High-energy zones predominantly comprise gravel lags and cross-bedding,whereas low-energy zone is featured by current ripples and muddy deposits. When sea level is low,the strait is exposed in which fluvial processes are dominant. During transgression,river evolves to delta/estuary,bay and strait.
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