Reconstruction of historical cropland cover using settlement relics in eastern part of northern China's farming-pastoral zone
WU Zhilei1, FANG Xiuqi2,3, YE Yu2
1 College of Geographical Science,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810016,China; 2 Key laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster,Ministry of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China; 3 Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
Abstract：Northern China's farming-pastoral transitional zone presents the characteristic of half farming and half animal husbandry. For such areas,because of its unique environment and socio-economic development process,it is difficult to accurately reconstruct cropland cover. Utilizing settlement relics that can indicate the spatio-temporal location of agricultural activities to reconstruct historical cropland cover is one of the effective ways to improve the reliability of the reconstruction results. The study area falls within the eastern part of northern China's farming-pastoral zone. We reconstructed the 5'×5'cropland cover change at 4 time points using the settlement relics of the study area during Liao,Jin,Yuan,and Ming dynasties. The main conclusions are as follows: (1)From Liao dynasty to Ming dynasty,the total cropland area decreased by 98.0%,and the cropland area in Yuan and Ming dynasties was significantly less than that in Liao and Jin dynasties,indicating that the area had undergone a fundamental transformation from half farming and half animal husbandry to animal husbandry;(2)The coverage of cropland was the largest in Liao dynasty,and it was somewhat reduced in Jin dynasty,which presented a mosaic distribution pattern. However,the coverage of cropland was sharply reduced in Yuan dynasty,and only scattered cropland was distributed in Ming dynasty;(3)The cropland cover change in the study area was influenced by both climate change and human factors. During Liao and Jin dynasties,the climate was relatively warm and humid,and the rulers attached great importance to agricultural development. In contrast,during Yuan and Ming dynasties,the climate was cold and dry,and the national was accustomed mainly to animal husbandry. To sum up,the reconstruction of historical cropland cover based on settlement relics not only reproduces the mosaic distribution pattern of cropland,but also depicts the process of land use change from farming to animal husbandry in study area.
WU Zhilei,FANG Xiuqi,YE Yu. Reconstruction of historical cropland cover using settlement relics in eastern part of northern China's farming-pastoral zone[J]. JOPC, 2022, 24(6): 1238-1248.
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