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Abstract The forest-fire is a special composition in the natural ecosystem. It could be triggered by different factors repeatedly. The frequency and intensity of its occurrence depended on the behaviors of eco-factors, the forest-fire, however, affected the environmental events deeply on the contrary. It takes an important part in the development of vegetation system, i.e. a special kind of frequency and intensity of the forest fire are helpful to develop a special vegetation type, the higher frequency could lead to the formation of grass marshland and tropical rainforest could develop if without the influence of forest-fire. The forest fire happened universally in geology history and left a lot of remains. The fossil charcoal was one of the remains. The charcoal distributed widely and the cell structure was preserved very well when being covered by earth. Furthermore, the fossil charcoal provided more important information of the frequency and intensity of ancient forest-fire without any artificial interfering factor. The amount of fossil charcoal showed close relation to the climate factor, vegetation type and geographical features. The arid climate such as short of rainfall or the vegetation composed of combustible species of plants could raise the frequency of forest fire, the amount of fossil charcoal would increased; whereas wet climate and the vegetation with apyrous species led the amount decrease. Besides, terrestrial environment is favorable to induce the occurring of forest fire. The important rule of forest-fire is helpful to conjecture the development of climate, vegetation and geographical features in long historical period. The fossil charcoal, not only provided the important evidence of paleoflora, palaeobiotope and palaeogeography, but provided an important measure to use forest fire in improving the ecological environment also. The research on the fossil charcoal offers the chance to understand palaeoecology, palaeoclimatology and palaeogeography and lay the theory basis of using forest fire and improving nature environment, because under various conditions, presented or controlled burning is used to maintain or develop grassland, shrub-land or forest.
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