Palaeogeographic and tectonic evolution of South Tianshan Ocean: Re-examination of radiolarian cherts and stratigraphic record of southwestern Tianshan
Wu Haoruo Li Zhong
Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029
Abstract Devonian-Carboniferous radiolarian cherts are widely distributed in southwestern Tianshan,and formed a deep-water sedimentary belt from the Dushanzi-Kuqa highway on the east to the Aheqi area on the west.The radiolarian cherts ranging from the late Middle Devonian to early Visean of Early Carboniferous were found along the Dushanzi-Kuqa highway,and may be used the name “Kulehu Formation”.Studies of the biostratigraphy and sedimentary facies on the succession from the Pridolian Keketiekedaban Formation through the Lower Devonian Artengkesi Formation to the Kulehu Formation indicate the evolution of South Tianshan Ocean from shallow marine to deep oceanic basin.The South Tianshan Ocean was a small oceanic basin caused by rifting of the continental shelf on north Tarim margin.Tectono-palaeogeographic and palaeobiogeographic studies indicate that the South Tianshan Ocean was a branch of the Palaeo-Tethys and not belongs to the scope of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean.The spreading of branches of the Palaeo-Tethys on the south to Tarim in the Early Carboniferous and afterwards led the drifting northward of Tarim and the closing of the South Tianshan Ocean and the Palaeo-Asian Ocean in Junggar and north Tianshan region.
About author: Wu Haoruo,born in 1940,is a professor researcher and engaged in palaeontology,stratigraphy and palaeogeography.E-mail: wuhaoruo@mail.iggcas.ac.cn.
Cite this article:
Wu Haoruo,Li Zhong. Palaeogeographic and tectonic evolution of South Tianshan Ocean: Re-examination of radiolarian cherts and stratigraphic record of southwestern Tianshan[J]. JOURNAL OF PALAEOGEOGRAPHY, 2013, 15(3): 293-304.
Wu Haoruo,Li Zhong. Palaeogeographic and tectonic evolution of South Tianshan Ocean: Re-examination of radiolarian cherts and stratigraphic record of southwestern Tianshan[J]. JOPC, 2013, 15(3): 293-304.
边千韬,郑祥身,李红生,等.1997.青海可可西里蛇绿岩的时代及形成环境[J].地质论评,43(4): 347-355. 蔡士赐,孙巧缡,缪长泉,等.1999. 新疆维吾尔自治区岩石地层[M].湖北武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1-430. 陈刚,朱志新,董连慧,等.2010.新疆南天山塔什库尔干泥盆—早石炭世洋岛型火山岩的确定及其地质意义[J].新疆地质,28(3): 326-241. 陈秀琴,廖卓庭.2006.南天山西部泥盆纪Zdimir腕足动物群的发现[J].古生物学报,45(3): 351-358. 陈旭,林焕令,许汉奎,等.1998.新疆西北部早古生代地层[J].地层学杂志,22(4): 241-251. 陈旭,戎嘉余,樊隽轩,等.2006.奥陶系上统赫南特阶全球层型剖面和点位的建立[J].地层学杂志,30(4): 289-305. 高俊,何国琦,李茂松,等.1996.新疆南天山大地构造研究新进展[J].中国区域地质,(1): 58-63. 高俊,汤耀庆,赵民,等.1995.新疆南天山蛇绿岩的地质地球化学特征及形成环境初探[J].岩石学报,11(增刊):85-97. 韩芳林,崔建堂,计文化,等.2004.于田县幅、伯力克幅地质调查新成果及主要进展[J].地质通报,23(5-6): 555-559. 计文化,韩芳林,王炬川.2004.西昆仑于田南部苏巴什蛇绿混杂岩的组成、地球化学特征及地质意义[J].地质通报,23(12): 1196-1201. 兰朝利,吴峻,李继亮,等.2002.新疆东昆仑木孜塔格蛇绿混杂岩发现早石炭世放射虫[J].地质科学,37(1): 104-106. 李建兵,周超,薛红雷.2009.新疆西南天山图尤克阿秀组的建立及地质特征[J].新疆地质,27(2): 106-110. 李玮,胡健民,高卫,等.2007.新疆南天山库尔干一带泥盆纪—早石炭世放射虫组合的发现[J].中国地质,34(4): 584-591. 李曰俊,孙龙德,吴浩若,等.2005.南天山西端乌帕塔尔群发现石炭—二叠纪放射虫化石[J],地质科学,40(2): 220-226. 廖卫华,弗朗西斯科?索托.2004.新疆南天山下泥盆统阿尔皮什麦布拉克组珊瑚及其地层意义[J].古生物学报,43(3): 366-376. 廖卓庭,陈中强,刘陆军.2011.与天山造山带大地构造解释相关的两个地层问题[J].地质学报,85(6): 925-937. 廖卓庭,王玉净,王克良,等.1993.新疆北部石炭纪生物地层研究新进展[C].见:涂光炽主编.新疆北部固体地球科学新进展.北京:科学出版社,79-94. 刘羽.1993.新疆西南天山古生代放射虫动物群及其大地构造意义[D].中国地质科学院硕士论文. 刘羽,王乃文,姚建新.1994.新疆库车地区放射虫新资料及其意义[J].新疆地质,12(4): 344-351. 陆济璞,唐专红,李玉坤,等.2006.藏北大横山—弯岛湖一带的中—晚三叠世地层对若拉岗日构造带地质演化的地层学制约[J].地质通报,25(12): 1402-1408. 马中平,夏林圻,徐学义,等.2006.南天山库勒湖蛇绿岩形成环境及构造意义:基性熔岩的地球化学证据[J].岩石矿物学杂志,25(5): 387-400. 全国地层委员会.2001.中国地层指南及中国地层指南说明书(修订版)[M].北京:地质出版社,1-59. 戎嘉余,斯特鲁兹 D L, 布科 A J,等.1994.论志留纪的小莱采贝类:具壳线、无疹无窗贝族(腕足动物)[J].古生物学报,22(5): 545-574. 舒良树,王博,朱文斌.2007.南天山蛇绿混杂岩中放射虫化石的时代及其构造意义[J].地质学报,81(4): 1161-1168. 汤耀庆,高俊,赵民,等.1995.西南天山蛇绿岩和蓝片岩[M].北京:地质出版社,1-133. 王宝瑜,李强,刘建兵.1997.新疆天山中段独库公路地质构造[J].新疆地质,15(2): 134-154. 王宝瑜,张梓歆,戎嘉余,等.2001.新疆南天山志留纪—早泥盆世地层与动物群[M].安徽合肥:中国科技大学出版社,1-130. 王成源,张守安.1988.新疆库车地区早泥盆世早期牙形刺的发现[J].地层学杂志,12(2): 147-150. 王成源,周铭魁,颜仰基,等.2000.新疆乌恰县萨瓦亚尔顿金矿区早泥盆世牙形刺[J].微体古生物学报,17(3): 255-264. 王玉净,杨群.2007.中国石炭—二叠纪放射虫化石带及古生物地理学意义[J].微体古生物学报,24(4): 337-345. 王玉净,方宗杰,杨群,等.2000.云南西部中—晚泥盆世硅质岩相地层及其放射虫动物群[J].微体古生物学报,17(3): 235-252. 吴浩若.2003.晚古生代—三叠纪南盘江海的构造古地理问题[J].古地理学报,5(1): 63-76. 吴浩若,潘正莆,张弛,等.1993.西准噶尔与蛇绿岩相关的古生代地层序列及其沉积大地构造环境判别[C].见:涂光炽.新疆北部固体地球科学新进展.北京:科学出版社,151-162. 杨子江,李咸阳.2006.藏北若拉岗日结合带中的浅变质地层及其锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄测定[J].地质通报,25(1-2): 118-123. 姚建新,刘训,傅德荣.2002.新疆阿图什温古尔地区二叠纪牙形石动物群[J].地质论评,48(5): 505-508. 尹福光,孟德宝,柏道远.2002.西昆仑阿克塔格早石炭世放射虫动物群的发现[J].地质通报,21(1): 799-800. 尤灵利,高俊,熊贤明,等.2006.南天山库勒湖蛇绿岩地球化学特征及其年龄[J].岩石学报,22(1): 65-73. 张振福,魏荣珠,王权,等.2004.叶亦克幅、黑石北湖幅地质调查新成果及主要进展[J].地质通报,23(5-6): 595-601. 赵文金,王士涛,王俊卿,等.2009.新疆柯坪—巴楚地区志留纪含鱼化石地层序列与加里东运动[J].地层学杂志,33(3): 225-240.
朱日祥,杨振宇,吴汉宁,等.1998.中国主要地块显生宙古地磁视极移曲线与地块运动[J].中国科学(D辑),28(增刊):1-16. 朱同兴,张启跃,董瀚,等.2006.藏北双湖地区才多茶卡一带构造混杂岩中发现晚泥盆世和晚二叠世放射虫硅质岩[J].地质通报,25(12): 1413-1417. 左国朝,李绍雄.2011.塔里木盆地东北缘早古生代构造格局及演化[J].中国地质,38(4): 945-960. 左国朝,梁广林,陈俊,等.2006.东天山觉罗塔格地区夹白山一带晚古生代构造格局及演化[J].地质通报,25(1-2): 48-57. Braun A,Schmidt-Effing R B.1993.Diagenesis and evolution of radiolarian in the lower Carboniferous of Germany[J].Micropaleontology,21: 369-383. Li Y J,Wang Z M,Wu H R, et al. 2002.Discovery of radiolarian fossils from the Aiketik Group distributed at the western end of the south Tianshan Mountains of China and its implications[J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),76(2): 146-154. Liu Y.2001.Early Carboniferous radiolarian fauna from Heiyinshan south of Tianshan Mountains and its geotectonic significance[J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),75(1): 101-108. Liu Y,Hao S G.2006.Evolutionary significance of pylentonemid radiolarians and their Late Devonian species from southwestern Tianshan[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),80(5): 647-655. Nazarov B B,Ormiston A R.1993.New biostratigraphically important Paleozoic Radiolaria of Eurasia and North America[C].In: Blueford J W,Murchey B L(eds).Padiolaria of Giant and Subgigant Field in Asia.New York: Micropaleontology Press special paper 6,22-60. Popov L E,Cocks L R M.2006.Late Ordovician brachiopods from the Dulankara Formation of the Chi-Ili Range,Kazakhstan: The systematics,palaeoecology and palaeogeography[J].Palaeontology,49(2): 247-283. Popov L E,Nikitin I F,Cocks L R M.2000.Late Ordovician brachiopods from the Otar Member of the Chi-Ili Range,south Kazakhstan[J].Palaeontology,43(5): 833-870. Rong J Y,Boucot A J,Su Y Z, et al. 1995.Biogeographical analysis of Late Silurian brachiopod fauna,chiefly from Asia and Australia[J].Lethaia,28: 39-60. Wang B,Shu L S,Faure M, et al. 2011.Paleozoic tectonics of the southern Chinese Tianshan: Insights from structural,chronological and geochemical studies of the Heiyingshan ophiolitic mélange(NW China)[J].Tectonophysics,497(1-4): 85-104. Wang Y J,Aitchison J C,Hui L.2003.Devonian radiolarians fauna from South China[J].Micropaleontology,49(2): 127-145.