Sedimentary characteristics and types of beach bars deposited in modern times in nearshore of Qinghai Lake
Han Yuanhong1, 2, 3, Hao Lewei2, Wang Qi2, Lu Jianlin3, Zhu Jianhui3, Luo Houyong3
1 Ocean College,Zhejiang University,Zhoushan 316000,Zhejiang; 2 Lanzhou Center for Oil and Gas Resources,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,CAS,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu; 3 Wuxi Institute of Petroleum Geology,SINOPEC,Wuxi 214151,Jiangsu
Abstract Beach bars are important sediment system that can develop into subtle reservoirs. They have become target region for oil-gas exploration(especially in the middle to late periods)in continental faulted basins. The studies of beach bars deposited in modern times could provide the basis for the studies of subtle beach bar reservoirs. Fieldworks for beach bars were taken,trenches and outcrops of beach bars were observed,and sediments of beach bars were analyzed in Qinghai Lake. According to sediment sources and geographic locations,beach bars were recognized into five types in the study area,which were beach bars in abandoned delta front area,beach bars in delta flank area,beach bars in bend shoreline area,beach bars in wide offshore area and beach bars near alluvial fan area. Sedimentary characteristics of those beach bars were studied by cross-section analysis. It was found that there were substantial differences between different types of beach bars. It was summarized overall that sediments of beach bars were coarse,medium sorted and rounded. The main bedding structures of the beach bars were parallel bedding,cross bedding and flushing cross-bedding in Qinghai Lake. Beach bars developed in here have a reverse rhythm in ascending order. Moreover,sedimentary characteristics of microfacies in one typical beach bar were contrastively analyzed in southern shore of Qinghai Lake. It is suggested that the bar-center microfacies has the most coarse size, the most thick stratum,the lowest clay content and the best-sorted grains in the same sedimentary cycle,which make it is most favorable for subtle reservoirs.
Fund:; [Financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41502142)]
Corresponding Authors:
About the corresponding author Hao Lewei,born in 1985,graduated and gained his Ph.D. from Lanzhou Center for Oil and Gas Resources,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,CAS in 2012. Now he is engaged in sedimentology. E-mail:haolewei66@163.com.
Cite this article:
Han Yuanhong,Hao Lewei,Wang Qi et al. Sedimentary characteristics and types of beach bars deposited in modern times in nearshore of Qinghai Lake[J]. JOPC, 2016, 18(5): 759-768.
Han Yuanhong,Hao Lewei,Wang Qi et al. Sedimentary characteristics and types of beach bars deposited in modern times in nearshore of Qinghai Lake[J]. JOPC, 2016, 18(5): 759-768.
[1] 操应长,王健,刘惠民,贾光华,万念明. 2009. 东营凹陷南坡沙四上亚段滩坝砂体的沉积特征及模式. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),33(6): 5-10. [Cao Y C,Wang J,Liu H M,Jia G H,Wan N M. 2009. Sedimentary characteristics and models of beach bars sand bodies in the upper part of the fourth member of paleogene in the south slope of Dongying depression. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Nature Science),33(6): 5-10] [2] 邓宏文,高晓鹏,赵宁,颜晖,邸永香,张培园. 2010. 济阳坳陷北部断陷湖盆陆源碎屑滩坝成因类型、分布规律与成藏特征. 古地理学报,12(6): 737-747. [Deng H W,Gao X P,Zhao N,Yan H,Di Y X,Zhang P Y. 2010. Genetic types,distribution patterns and hydrocarbon accumulation in terrigenous beach and bar in northern faulted lacutrine basin of Jiyang Depression. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition),12(6): 737-747] [3] 冯增昭. 1982. 沉积岩石学. 北京: 石油工业出版社. [Feng Z Z. 1982. Sedimentary Petrology. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press] [4] 韩元红,李小燕,王琪,郝乐伟,田兵,马晓峰,朱军,廖朋,吉鸿杰. 2015. 青海湖水动力特征对滨湖沉积体系的控制. 沉积学报,33(1): 97-104. [Han Y H,Li X Y,Wang Q,Hao L W,Tian B,Ma X F,Zhu J,Liao P,Ji H J. 2015. Hydrodynamic control of sedimentary systems in shore zone of Qinghai Lake. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,33(1): 97-104] [5] 纪友亮,卢欢,刘玉瑞. 2013. 苏北盆地高邮凹陷古近系阜宁组一段浅水三角洲和滩坝沉积模式. 古地理学报,15(5):729-740. [Ji Y L,Lu H,Liu Y R. 2013. Sedimentary model of shallow water delta and beach bar in the Member 1 of Paleogene Funing Formation in Gaoyou sag,Subei Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition),15(5):729-740] [6] 姜在兴,王俊辉,张元福. 2015. 滩坝沉积研究进展综述. 古地理学报,17(4): 427-440. [Jiang Z X,Wang J H,Zhang Y F. 2015. Advances in beach-bar research: A review. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition),17(4): 427-440] [7] 李国斌,姜在兴,王升兰,周浩玮,王天奇,张亚军. 2010. 薄互层滩坝砂体的定量预测:以东营凹陷古近系沙四上亚段(E s 4上)为例. 中国地质,37(6):1659-1671. [Li G B,Jiang Z X,Wang S L,Zhou H W,Wang T Q,Zhang Y J. 2010. The quantitative prognosis of thin interbedded beach-bar sandbodies: A case study of the upper 4th submember of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Dongying Sag. Geology in China,37(6):1659-1671] [8] 林会喜,邓宏文,秦雁群,高晓鹏,龙国清,赵宁,颜晖,潘福友,邸永香. 2010. 层序演化对滩坝储集层成藏要素与分布的控制作用. 石油勘探与开发,37(6): 680-689. [Lin H X,Deng H W,Qin Y Q,Gao X P,Long G Q,Zhao N,Yan H,Pan F Y,Di Y X. 2010. Control of sequence stratigraphic evolution on the distribution and hydrocarbon accumulation of beach and bar reservoirs. Petroleum Exploration and Development,37(6): 680-689] [9] 刘虎强,朱红涛,舒誉,朱筱敏,杨香华,付鑫. 2015. 珠江口盆地恩平凹陷古近系恩平组物源体系及其对滩坝的控制. 石油学报,36(3):286-299. [Liu H Q,Zhu H T,Shu Y,Zhu X M,Yang X H,Fu X. 2015. Provenance systems and their control on the beach-bar of Paleogene Enping Formation,Enping sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica,36(3):286-299] [10] 商晓飞,侯加根,孙福亭,唐力,刘钰铭,李永强,李燕. 2014. 砂质滩坝储集层内部结构特征及构型模式:以黄骅坳陷板桥油田古近系沙河街组为例. 石油学报,35(6):1160-1171. [Shang X F,Hou J G,Sun F T,Tang L,Liu Y M,Li Y Q,Li Y. 2014. Architectural characteristics and sedimentary models of beach-bar sandstone reservoirs:A case study of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Banqiao oilfield,Huanghua depression. Acta Petrolei Sinica,35(6):1160-1171] [11] 王永诗,刘惠民,高永进,田美荣,唐东. 2012. 断陷湖盆滩坝砂体成因与成藏:以东营凹陷沙四上亚段为例. 地学前缘,19(1):100-106. [Wang Y S,Liu H M,Gao Y J,Tian M R,Tang D. 2012. Sandbody genesis and hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of beach-bar reservoir in faulted-lacustrine-basins:A case study from the upper of the fourth member of Shahejie Formation,Dongying Sag. Earth Science Frontiers,19(1):100-106] [12] 杨勇强,邱隆伟,姜在兴,银熙炉. 2011. 陆相断陷湖盆滩坝沉积模式:以东营凹陷古近系沙四上亚段为例. 石油学报,32(3):417-423. [Yang Y Q,Qiu L W,Jiang Z X,Yin X L. 2011. A depositional pattern of beach bar in continental rift lake basins:A case study on the upper part of the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying Sag. Acta Petrolei Sinica,32(3):417-423] [13] 朱筱敏,信荃麟,张晋仁. 1994. 断陷湖盆滩坝储集体沉积特征及沉积模式. 沉积学报,12(2):20-28. [Zhu X M,Xin Q L,Zhang J R. 1994. Sedimentary characteristics and modelds of the beach-bar reservoirs in faulted down lacustrine basins. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,12(2):20-28] [14] Jiang Z,Liu H,Zhang S,Xin S,Jiang Z. 2011. Sedimentary characteristics of large-scale lacustrine beach-bars and their formation in the Eocene Boxing Sag of Bohai Bay Basin,East China. Sedimentology,58(5): 1087-1112. [15] Nummedal D,Sonnenfeld D L,Taylor K. 1984. Sediment transport and morphology at the surf zone of Presque Isle,Lake Erie,Pennsylvania. Developments in Sedimentology,39: 99-122. [16] Soreghan M J,Cohen A S. 1996. Textural and compositional variability across littoral segments of Lake Tanganyika: The effect of asymmetric basin structure on sedimentation in large rift lakes. AAPG Bulletin,80(3): 382-408.
