Plio—Pleistocene sedimentation and palaeogeographic reconstruction in the Poso Depression, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: From a sea channel to a land bridge

doi:10.1016/j.jop.2023.05.003

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Abstract

The Poso Depression provides a record of Plio—Pleistocene environments and palaeogeography of Central Sulawesi. Outcrop—based sedimentological and provenance studies suggest that during the Pliocene the Poso Depression was a sea channel connecting Gorontalo and Bone Bay formed in an asymmetric half—graben. The Pliocene history began with the deposition of the Puna Formation withfandeltasatthe eastern basin margin and channel complexes in the deep-water basin further east. Analyses of light and heavy minerals indicate the main sediment sourcewasultrabasic rocks in East Sulawesi with minor and intermittent magmatic and metamorphic input from West Sulawesi. Later, in the Middle to late Pliocene, carbonates of the Poso Formation accumulated on the eastern basin margin.They are unconformably overlain by shallow marine glaucophane-rich siliciclastics of the Pleistocene Lage Formation that are associated with the rapid exhumation and uplift of the Pompangeometamorphic complex. This uplift led to the development of a land bridge connecting western and eastern Sulawesi. The terrane evolution favoured increasing the area of exposed land due to rapid tectonic uplift, which when combined with the tropical climate, contributed to faunal speciation and dispersal in Sulawesi.

Key words： Palaeogeography Poso Sulawesi sediment history provenance

Received: 07 February 2023

Corresponding Authors: ^*E—mail: abang.nugraha@ntu.edu.sg

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