Abstract: Thyroid cancer is one of the fastest-growing tumors in the past five years.Nearly 50,000 new-onset thyroid cancer are on the rise in China.As a kind of non-surgical treatment,nuclear medicine is widely used in general surgery,and most patients have good response and low incidence of adverse reactions.Many studies have shown that long-term high-dose iodine radiation can induce bone marrow suppression,leading to a decline in whole blood cells and even induce leukemia.This article aims to summarize the changes in the number of peripheral blood cells and cytokines in red blood cells,white blood cells,lymphocytes and platelets after treatment with radioactive iodine 131 in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer in recent years to explore whether it is harmful.

Key words: Differentiated thyroid cancer, Iodine-131, Peripheral blood cells, Postoperative complications