Objective The Objective of this study was to analyze the disease burden of malignant tumors among the people aged 30 and above in Sichuan province in 2010 and 2020,and provide a reference and basis for the formulation of prevention and control decisions for malignant tumors. Methods The data of mortality from malignant tumors and the total population in Sichuan province were collected.The mortality,disability-adjusted life year(DALY),years of life lost(YLL),and years lived with disability(YLD)were calculated by age group,gender,and major type to evaluate the disease burden of malignant tumors. Results The mortality of malignant tumors in the population aged 30 and above in Sichuan province in 2020 was 259.26/100,000,an increase of 34.33% compared to 2010.The standardized mortality was 187.08 per 100,000,an increase of 7.52% compared to 2010.The DALY rate of malignant tumors in the population aged 30 and above in Sichuan province in 2020 was 21.11/1,000,of which the YLL rate accounted for 97.82% and the YLD rate accounted for 2.18%.The YLL rate was higher than the YLD rate(P＜0.001).The DALY rate in males was higher than that in females(P＜0.001).The standardized DALY rate of malignant tumors in the population aged 30 and above in 2020 increased by 14.58% compared to 2010,with the fastest growth rates observed in the age groups of 30-44 and 60-69,with growth rates of 30.96% and 25.74%,respectively.In 2020,the top five standardized DALY rates of malignant tumors among the people aged 30 and above were lung cancer,liver cancer,esophageal cancer,colorectal cancer,and gastric cancer.Among them,lung cancer and colorectal cancer increased by 33.45% and 46.56%,respectively,compared to 2010,while gastric cancer decreased by 22.81%,the esophageal cancer in women decreased by 18.51% and there was little change in men.Liver cancer decreased by 8.15% in females and increased by 3.45% in males.In 2020,the standardized DALY rate of female breast cancer and cervical cancer increased by 37.14% and 94.52%,respectively,compared with 2010. Conclusion By 2020,the disease burden of malignant tumors among people aged 30 and above in Sichuan province is still heavy,and early death is the main source of their disease burden.The key prevention and control diseases are lung cancer,colorectal cancer,breast cancer,and cervical cancer.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the effects of age,period and cohort on the incidence and death of ovarian cancer in China from 1992 to 2021. Methods The incidence and mortality of ovarian cancer in China from 1992 to 2021 were analyzed using the Global Burden of Disease(GBD)2021 database.The time trend of standardized incidence and standardized mortality of ovarian cancer from 1992 to 2021 was analyzed using Join Point 4.8.0.1 software,and the average annual change percentage change(AAPC)was calculated.The age-period-cohort model was used to analyze the effects of age,period and birth cohort on the incidence and mortality trend of ovarian cancer. Results In 2021,the incidence(3.67/100,000)and mortality rate(2.18/100,000)of ovarian cancer in China increased by 61.85% and 66.06%,respectively,compared with 1992.The trend analysis showed that the standardized incidence and standardized mortality of ovarian cancer in China decreased from 1992 to 2021,and the AAPC was -0.10%(95% CI:-0.40%0.12%,P＞0.05)and-0.60%(95% CI:-0.80%-0.30%,P＜0.05),respectively.From 2014 to 2021,the standardized incidence and standardized mortality of ovarian cancer showed an increasing trend,with an average annual increase of 1.58% and 1.42%,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The results of age-effect analysis showed that the overall incidence of ovarian cancer distributed by age in China from 1992 to 2021 increased first and then decreased,with a rapid increase trend at the age of 15 to 54,a fluctuating trend at the age of 55 to 69,and a downward trend after 70.The mortality showed an increasing trend between the ages of 15 to 74,and then a decreasing trend after the age of after 75.The results of period-effect analysis showed that from 1992 to 2021,the relative risk(RR)of ovarian cancer incidence risk in China showed an overall decreasing trend.Taking the period from 2002 to 2006 as the reference group(RR=1.00),the incidence risk was the highest from 1997 to 2001(RR=1.09,95% CI:1.04-1.15).The period change of mortality risk for ovarian cancer showed a decreasing trend in RR values,with the reference group from 2002 to 2006(RR=1.00),and the highest mortality risk from 1992 to 1996(RR=1.15,95% CI:1.09-1.20).The results of cohort-effect analysis showed that people born later had a lower risk of occurring and dying from ovarian cancer. Conclusion Although the trend of standardized incidence and mortality of ovarian cancer in China decreased from 1992 to 2021,the trend of standardized incidence and standardized mortality of ovarian cancer increased from 2014 to 2021.The period effect shows that the risk of onset was highest from 1997 to 2001,and the risk of death was higher from 1992 to 1996.The cohort effect indicates that individuals born later are at a lower risk of occurring and dying from ovarian cancer.

Objective The Objective of this study was to explore the effect of knocking down CXCL8 on the efficacy of paclitaxel chemotherapy in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and to investigate its potential mechanism of action. Methods The Hela cell model was used to specifically inhibit CXCL8 gene expression through lentivirus-mediated RNA interference(RNAi)technology.The optimal transfection conditions were HitransG P and a multiplicity of infection(MOI)of 100.The CCK-8 assay was used to screen the optimal intervention concentration of puromycin as 1.5 μg/mL.The LV-CXCL8-RNAi(3 targets)and negative control lentivirus were transfected into cells under optimal transfection conditions and set up a blank control group.The qRT-PCR assay was used to select the sh-CXCL8-13 group lentivirus as the intervention sequence and virus for subsequent experiments.The experiments were divided into the blank control group,negative control group,sh-CXCL8 group,paclitaxel group,and sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group.The proliferative activity and invasive ability of cervical cancer cells were assessed by CCK-8 and cell invasion assays.The expression of CXCL8,Bcl2,Bax,and β-actin were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results Compared with the other four groups,the proliferative and invasive ability of Hela cells was significantly reduced in the sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of CXCL8,Bcl2,PIK3CB,and Akt1 genes was significantly reduced,and the expression of Bax gene was significantly increased in the sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group.The difference between the groups was statistically significant(P＜0.001).The results of Western blot showed that the expression of CXCL8,PIK3CB,and p-Akt1 proteins was reduced in the sh-CXCL8+paclitaxel group(P＜0.05). Conclusion Knocking down CXCL8 can reduce the proliferative and invasive capacity of Hela cells,possibly by affecting the PI3K/Akt pathway to affect the drug sensitivity of Hela cells to paclitaxel.

Objective The Objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maytansine on proliferation,migration,invasion,apoptosis and autophagy of human thyroid cancer C643 cells. Methods C643 cells were treated with different concentrations(0.049,0.195,0.781,3.125,12.5,50 and 200 μmol/L)of maytansine,the effect of maytansine on the proliferation of C643 cells was detected by the sulforhodamine B(SRB)method,and the concentration of subsequent experiments was determined.C643 cells in the logarithmic growth stage period were divided into the control group,low-dose group,mid-dose group and high-dose group.The effects of maytansine on migration and invasion abilities of C643 cells were detected by cell scratch and Transwell chamber assay;The levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)were detected by 2 ′,7 ′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)fluorescent probe experiment;The apoptosis rate of C643 cells was detected by flow cytometry;The expression of proteins related to apoptosis or autophagy was detected by Western blot. Results Maytansine at concentrations of 0.049,0.195,0.781,3.125,12.5,50 and 200 μmol/L could inhibit the proliferation of C643 cells(P＜0.05),and exhibited a significant concentration time dependence.The half maximal inhibitory concentrations(IC₅₀)at 24,48 and 72 h were 54.255,5.193 and 0.647 μmol/L,respectively;The cell scratch and Transwell chamber results showed that maytansine at concentrations of 0.1,1 and 10 μmol/L could reduce the migration and invasion abilities of C643 cells(P＜0.05 and P＜ 0.01).The fluorescence probe results showed that maytansine at concentrations of 0.1,1 and 10 μmol/L could increase the intracellular ROS levels of C643 cells(P＜0.01).The flow cytometry results showed that maytansine at concentrations of 0.1,1 and 10 μmol/L could concentration dependently increase the apoptosis rate of C643 cells(P＜0.01).The Western blot results showed that with the increase of maytansine concentrations,the expression of Bax protein related to apoptosis in C643 cells increased(P＜0.05),the expression of Bcl-2 decreased(P＜0.05),the expression of LC3II/I(P＜0.05)and Beclin-1(P＜0.01)increased,while the expression of p62 decreased(P＜0.001). Conclusion Maytansine can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of human thyroid cancer C643 cells,and induce the synergistic effect on apoptosis and autophagy by increasing intracellular ROS levels.

Objective The aim of this study was to detect the expression of miR-383-5p in bladder cancer tissues and bladder cancer 5637 cells,BIU-87 cells,TCCSUP cells and HT-1376 cells,and to explore the effects of miR-383-5p on the proliferation,invasion,migration and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells by targeting CIP2A. Methods The expression of miR-383-5p was detected by qRT-PCR in human bladder cancer tissues and their corresponding adjacent tissues,5637 cells,BIU-87 cells,TCCSUP cells,HT-1376 cells,human bladder transitional epithelial cells.BIU-87 cells with low miR-383-5p expression were selected for subsequent experiments.BIU-87 cells were divided into the blank group(normal culture),miR-383-5p NC group(negative control,transfected with miR-383-5p negative control),miR-383-5p mimic group(transfected with miR-383-5p mimic),and miR-383-5p mimic+pc-CIP2A group(co-transfected with miR-383-5p mimic and CIP2A overexpression plasmid pc-CIP2A).CCK-8 kit was used to detect the viability of BIU-87 cells in each group;Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis of BIU-87 cells;Transwell assay was used to measure cell invasion ability of BIU-87 cells;Scratch assay was used to measure cell migration ability of BIU-87 cells;Western blot was used to determine the expression of proteins related to apoptosis,invasion(MMP-2, MMP-9),and CIP2A/PP2A in BIU-87 cells;The dual luciferase assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-383-5p and CIP2A in BIU-87 cells. Results The expression of miR-383-5p was low in bladder cancer tissues and bladder cancer cells. Compared with the blank group,BIU-87 cells in the miR-383-5p mimic group showed a significant increase the level of miR-383-5p(0.91±0.10 vs. 1.67±0.24,P＜0.01)and a significant decrease in the expression of CIP2A protein(1.32±0.17 vs. 0.45±0.03,P＜0.001),the cell viability,invasion, migration abilities,the expression of proteins related to invasion(MMP-2,MMP-9),and the expression of Bcl-2 protein[(100.00±4.36)% vs.(32.15±2.65)%,(150.20±12.95)vs.(82.35±7.01),(77.91±3.63)% vs.(46.12±2.54)%,1.02±0.11 vs. 0.22±0.04,1.03±0.18 vs. 0. 21±0.04,1.01±0.14 vs. 0.27±0.05,P＜0.001]; The apoptosis rate,the expression of caspase-3 and Bax proteins related to apoptosis,and PP2A expression were significantly increased[(14.02±2.29)% vs.(38.21±3.20)%],0.81±0.11 vs. 1.78±0.24,0.83±0.12 vs. 1.72±0.24,0.27±0.02 vs. 0.95±0.16,P＜0.001].Compared with the miR-383-5p mimic group,BIU-87 cells in the miR-383-5p mimic+pc-CIP2A group significantly increased the cell viability,invasion,migration abilities,the expression of proteins related to invasion,and the expression of Bcl-2 protein[(32.15±2.65)% vs. (50.18±3.77)%,(82.35±7.01)% vs.(116.30±13.70),(46.12±2.54)% vs.(58.43±3.15)%,0.22±0.04 vs. 0.60±0.08,0.21±0.04 vs. 0.5 8±0.06,0.27±0.05 vs. 0.64±0.08,P＜0.05];The apoptosis rate,the expression of caspase-3,Bax,and PP2A was significantly reduced in the miR-383-5p mimic+pc-CIP2A group[(38.21±3.20)%(23.15±2.74)%,1.78±0.24 vs. 1.25±0.21,1.72±0.24 vs. 1.23±0.18,0.95±0.16 vs. 0.60±0.13,P＜0.05].The results of dual luciferase experiments showed a corresponding targeting relationship between miR-383-5p and CIP2A. Conclusion Increasing the expression of miR-383-5p can inhibit the proliferation,invasion and migration of bladder cancer BIU-87 cells,and enhance the ability of apoptosis,which may be achieved by targeted regulation of CIP2A.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the predictive value of the systemic inflammatory immune nutrition score(SIINS)for the prognosis of immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 202 patients with advanced gastric cancer who received treatment with programmed death-1(PD-1)inhibitors at the Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital from October 2018 to July 2022.The LASSO regression analysis was used to screen prognostic indicators,construct SIINS indicator,determine the optimal cutoff value for predicting prognosis using subject operating characteristic curves,and divide patients into the high SIINS and low SIINS groups.Independent prognostic factors for overall survival(OS)were determined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results Four indicators,including lymphocyte count,lactate dehydrogenase,and neutrophil lymphocytes,were selected to construct the SIINS index.The prognosis of patients in the high SIINS group was significantly lower than that in the low SIINS group(P＜0.05).The results of the multifactorial Cox regression analysis showed that the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group(ECOG)score,Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index(GNRI),SIINS,treatment regimen,and number of treatment lines(P＜0.05)could serve as the independent predictive prognosis of immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. Conclusion SIINS can predict the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with PD-1 inhibitors.

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the measurement attributes of the QLU-C10D scale in breast cancer patients,and provide the evidence for the application of the tool in the measurement of health effectiveness of breast cancer patients. Methods Since July 2022,the data of breast cancer patients in Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital and the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University were collected,and the utility values for the QLU-C10D and EQ-5D-5L were calculated based on the Chinese utility scoring system.The validity of the first collected sample data was evaluated by convergent validity and known-group validity,The data were collected again three months after treatment to evaluate the responsiveness of QLU-C10D in breast cancer patients. Results In terms of convergent validity,the theoretical correlation dimension between the QLU-C10D and EQ-5D-5L scale was higher than that of irrelevant dimensions.Among them,the correlation between pain in QLU-C10D scale and pain in EQ-5D-5L scale was the highest(r=0.546),while the correlation between insomnia in QLU-C10D scale and self-care in EQ-5D-5L scale was the lowest(r=0.219).In terms of known-group validity,the QLU-C10D scale had a relative efficiency(RE)greater than 1 in all groups(education level,residential address,frequency of physical examinations,economic pressures,and ECOG score).In terms of responsiveness,the QLU-C10D scale could effectively reflect the changes in health status of breast cancer patients after treatment,especially in the dimensions of role function(ES=0.415,SRM=0.645)and bowel problems(ES=0.433,SRM=0.708). Conclusion The QLU-C10D scale has good convergent validity,known-group validity and good responsiveness.It is a disease-specific health utility measurement tool that can be used for health utility measurement of breast cancer patients and health technology evaluation research.

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the value of quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)combined with the detection of non-SMC condensing Ⅰ complex subunit H(NCAPH)in the diagnosis of early breast cancer. Methods Ninety-six patients with breast nodules who were treated in the department of Breast Surgery at Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital in Shenzhen from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as the study objects.DCE-MRI examination was performed on all patients,and transport constant(Ktrans)and rate constant(Kep)were recorded.Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of serum NCAPH mRNA.Based on the results of pathological examination as the gold standard,the patients with breast nodules diagnosed pathologically as the benign group and the patients with breast cancer as the breast cancer group,the differences of DCE-MRI quantitative parameters Ktrans,Kep and serum NCAPH mRNA between the benign group and the breast cancer group were compared.The accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of serum NCAPH mRNA and their combination in the diagnosis of early breast cancer were different.Kappa test was used to compare the consistency with the pathological results. Results The results of pathological examination confirmed that there were 31 benign nodules and 65 breast cancer in 96 patients with breast nodules.Ktrans,Kep and NCAPH mRNA in the breast cancer group were significantly higher than those in the benign group(P＜0.05);The AUC of Ktrans,Kep and NCAPH in the diagnosis of early breast cancer was 0.944,which was significantly higher than that of Ktrans and Kep alone,with the sensitivity and specificity of 96.92% and 77.42%,respectively;Ktrans and Kep combined with NCAPH detected 7 false positives and 2 false negatives,with a Kappa value of 0.776(P＜0.05),which was consistent with the pathological results;The sensitivity of DCE-MRI quantitative parameters combined with NCAPH in the diagnosis of early breast cancer was significantly higher than that of DCE-MRI quantitative parameters and serum NCAPH alone(P＜0.05). Conclusion The expression of Ktrans,Kep and serum NCAPH mRNA in breast cancer patients with DCE-MRI quantitative parameters is high.Ktrans,Kep combined with serum NCAPH detection has certain clinical values in the diagnosis of early breast cancer.

MiRNA,as a class of short non-coding RNA molecules,plays an important role in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.miRNAs regulate gene expression by targeting specific mRNA sequences,thereby affecting various cellular biological behaviors,including proliferation,apoptosis,migration,and invasion.In recent years,it has been found that miRNA may play an important role in the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma.This article provides a review of the research progress on the association between miRNA and the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The conventional treatment for unresectable local advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)is concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by continued immune maintenance therapy for one year.However,due to the fact that most patients cannot tolerate concurrent chemotherapy,this treatment regimen has not achieved the expected results.For these patients,the combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy is a more effective treatment strategy that can improve efficacy while ensuring safety.However,due to the high heterogeneity of patients with stage Ⅲ NSCLC,their tumor burden varies,and most patients have larger tumor volumes,the side effects caused by radiotherapy also increase accordingly,making it difficult for some patients to subsequent complete the immune maintenance therapy.For patients with larger tumor volumes,the current treatment plan is to first undergo two cycles of induction chemotherapy to shrink the tumor.Recent studies have found that adding synchronous immunotherapy during induction chemotherapy has a more significant tumor reducing effect,demonstrating promising therapeutic value.Many studies have shown that circulating tumor DNA and peripheral blood tumor mutation burden have become predictive indicators for the prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy of various advanced tumors,and are expected to guide clinicians to develop individualized immunotherapy plans in the future.This article reviews the progress of immunotherapy for unresectable locally advanced NSCLC.