Abstract：The widely developed laminated, fine-grained sedimentary rocks of the Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Formation in Qingxi sag of Jiuxi Basin, Gansu Province are rich in ankerite,albites,barites,zeolites and pyrites,and are poor in fluorites,tremolites,halites and clastic chalcopyrites,galenas and sphalerite. The hydrothermal minerals and favorable hydrocarbon conditions have been attracting the attention of many sedimentary geologists and petroleum geologists. In previous studies,most geologists believed that these fine-grained sedimentary rocks were associated with the volcanic activity,or were the products of volcanic material alteration. However, through a systematic study on the geological background,compositions,rock textures,rock structures,inclusions and geochemical features,we believed that these fine-grained sedimentary rocks were the lacustrine white-smoke type exhalative rocks. Six kinds of hydrothermal mineral assemblages were identified,including: Ⅰ albites-ankerites(or ankerites-albites),Ⅱ barites-albites-ankerites,Ⅲ Analcime-albite-ankerites,Ⅳ quartz-albite-ankerites,Ⅴ dickite-ankerites and Ⅵ the single ankerite. Three main types of rock textures were identified,including: ① the microcrystalline textures,②the intraclastic structure and ③ the halite pseudocrystal textures. Four common types of primary sedimentary structures were divided,including: ① the laminated and banded structures,② the network vein filling structures,③ vortical nozzle structures and ④ the syngenetic deformation bedding structures. On the basis of the rock composition,textures and structures,we have identified four occurrence types of exhalative rocks were identified,including the network vein filling type,the water bursting type,the basin deposition and the regional diffusion type. In addition, we establish the sedimentary model of the lacustrine “white smoke type” exhalative rock was established,and explored the significance of this kind of exhalative rock.
Zheng Rong-Cai,Wen Hua-Guo,Li Yun et al. Compositions and texture of lacustrine exhalative rocks from the Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Formation in Qingxi sag of Jiuxi Basin, Gansu[J]. JOPC, 2018, 20(1): 1-18.
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