Sedimentary characteristics and reservoir controlling effect of the Member 4 of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin
Wu Dong-Xu1,2, Yu Jian3, Zhou Jin-Gao1,2, Wu Xing-Ning1,2, Yu Zhou1,2, Ding Zhen-Chun1, Wang Shao-Yi1, Li Wei-Ling1, Cai Jun1
1 PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology,Hangzhou 310023,China; 2 Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoir,CNPC,Hangzhou 310023,China; 3 Changqing Oilfield Company,PetroChina,Xi’an 710018,China
Abstract：The Member 4 of Majiagou Formation(i.e. Ma4 Member)of Ordovician in the Ordos Basin is the key target for risk exploration of natural gas in Lower Paleozoic. Based on the observation of core and thin section,the stratigraphic correlation,sedimentary structure description,well logging interpretation of rock structure and composition,and the combined well-seismic method for palaeogeomorphologic restoration,the palaeogeomorphology,sedimentary features and reservoir distribution of the Member 4 of Majiagou Formation in the Ordos Basin were analyzed in detail. Results show that: (1)Controlled by the palaeogeomorphologic pattern of uplift and depression in the depositional period,a lot of mound and bank microfacies developed in the Ma4 Member and the penecontemporaneous dissolution and dolomitization were prone to occur,making it become the favorable sedimentary facies belt for reservoir development. (2)The reservoir of Ma4 Member is mainly composed of(algal)arenaceous dolostone and silt-fine grain dolostone,and the reservoir space is mainly characterized as intergranular pores,intercrystal pores and dissolution pores. (3)The reservoirs are mainly distributed in Ma41 and Ma42 submembers,which are located at the low uplift belt in the platform and the platform margin belt. (4)The development of the reservoir is controlled by three factors.The mound-bank body developed in the palaeo-uplift is the material basis. The penecontemporaneous dissolution controlled by the high frequency sequence is the key to the formation of the reservoir,and dolomitization is an important factor for the preservation of the reservoir in the later period. The palaeogeomorphology of alternating uplift and depression in the carbonate platform during the Ma4 depositional period controlled the distribution of mound-bank facies and dolomite reservoirs,which provided a strong support for gas exploration in the Lower Paleozoic,and also provides a new idea for the study of the sedimentary reservoir in the carbonate platform.
Wu Dong-Xu,Yu Jian,Zhou Jin-Gao et al. Sedimentary characteristics and reservoir controlling effect of the Member 4 of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin[J]. JOPC, 2021, 23(6): 1140-1157.
[1] 包洪平,杨承运. 2000. 鄂尔多斯东部奥陶系马家沟组微相分析. 古地理学报, 2(1): 31-42. [Bao H P,Yang C Y.2000. Study on microfacies of Majiagou Formation,Lower Ordovician,eastern Ordos,North China. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 2(1): 31-42] [2] 包洪平,杨帆,白海峰,武春英,王前平. 2017. 细分小层岩相古地理编图的沉积学研究及油气勘探意义: 以鄂尔多斯地区中东部奥陶系马家沟组马五段为例. 岩石学报, 33(4): 1094-1106. [Bao H P,Yang F,Bai H F,Wu C Y,Wang Q P.2017. Sedimentology study on sub-member lithofacies paleogeography mapping and its petroleum exploration significance: taking Ma5 member of Lower Ordovician Majiagou Formation in central-eastern Ordos Basin for example. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 33(4): 1094-1106] [3] 陈刚. 1994. 鄂尔多斯地块西南部早古生代裂谷陆缘结构及其演化. 西北大学博士论文. [Chen G.1994. Structure and evolution of Early Paleozoic rift margin in southwestern Ordos block. Doctoral dissertation of Northwest University] [4] 丁熊,吴涵,王兴志,唐青松,马华灵. 2017. 四川盆地三叠系颗粒碳酸盐岩储层的成因类型. 现代地质, 31(6): 1241-1250. [Ding X,Wu H,Wang X Z,Tang Q S,Ma H L.2017. Genetic types of carbonate shoal reservoirs of Triassic Period,Sichuan Basin. Geoscience, 31(6): 1241-1250] [5] 付斯一,张成弓,陈洪德,陈安清,赵俊兴,苏中堂,杨帅,王果,密文天. 2019. 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马家沟组五段盐下白云岩储集层特征及其形成演化. 石油勘探与开发, 46(6): 1087-1098. [Fu S Y,Zhang C G,Chen H D,Chen A Q,Zhao J X,Su Z T,Yang S,Wang G,Mi W T.2019. Characteristics,formation and evolution of pre-salt dolomite reservoirs in the fifth member of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation,mid-east Ordos Basin,NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 46(6): 1087-1098] [6] 何江,方少仙,侯方浩,杨西燕. 2009. 鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田中奥陶统马家沟组岩溶型储层特征. 石油与天然气地质, 30(3): 350-356. [He J,Fang S X,Hou F H,Yang X Y.2009. Characteristics of karst reservoirs in the Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation of gas fields in the central Ordos Basin. Oil & Gas Geology, 30(3): 350-356] [7] 贺训云,寿建峰,沈安江,吴兴宁,王永生,胡圆圆,朱吟,韦东晓. 2014. 白云岩地球化学特征及成因: 以鄂尔多斯盆地靖西马五段中组合为例. 石油勘探与开发, 41(3): 375-384. [He X Y,Shou J F,Shen A J,Wu X N,Wang Y S,Hu Y Y,Zhu Y,Wei D X.2014. Geochemical characteristics and origin of dolomite: a case study from the middle assemblage of Majiagou Formation Member 5 of the west of Jingbian Gas Field,Ordos Basin,North China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 41(3): 375-384] [8] 何自新,黄道军,郑聪斌. 2006. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系古地貌、古沟槽模式的修正及其地质意义. 海相油气地质, 11(2): 25-28. [He Z X,Huang D J,Zheng C B.2006. Modification and geology implication of Ordovician paleogeomorphology and paleogeosyncline distribution models in Ordos Basin. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 11(2): 25-28] [9] 侯方浩,方少仙,赵敬松,董兆雄,李凌,吴诒,陈娅娜. 2002. 鄂尔多斯盆地中奥陶统马家沟组沉积环境模式. 海相油气地质, 7(1): 38-46,5. [Hou F H,Fang S X,Zhao J S,Dong Z X,Li L,Wu Y,Chen Y N.2002. Depositional environment model of Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 7(1): 38-46,5] [10] 黄正良,武春英,马占荣,任军峰,包洪平. 2015. 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马家沟组沉积层序及其对储层发育的控制作用. 中国石油勘探, 20(5): 20-29. [Huang Z L,Wu C Y,Ma Z R,Ren J F,Bao H P.2015. Sedimentary sequence of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in central and eastern part of Ordos Basin and its control over reservoir development. China Petroleum Exploration, 20(5): 20-29] [11] 赖锦,刘秉昌,冯庆付,庞小娇,赵太平,王贵文,王抒忱,陈晶. 2020. 鄂尔多斯盆地靖边气田马家沟组五段白云岩沉积微相测井识别与评价. 地质学报, 94(5): 1551-1567. [Lai J,Liu B C,Feng Q F,Pang X J,Zhao T P,Wang G W,Wang S C,Chen J.2020. Well logging identification and evaluation of depositional microfacies in dolostones from the 5th Member of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the Jingbian Gas Field,Ordos Basin. Acta Geologica Sinica, 94(5): 1551-1567] [12] 雷卞军,付金华,孙粉锦,王勇,王身建. 2010. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组层序地层格架研究: 兼论陆表海沉积作用和早期成岩作用对相对海平面变化的响应. 地层学杂志, 34(2): 145-153. [Lei B J,Fu J H,Sun F J,Wang Y,Wang S J.2010. Sequence stratigraphy of the Majiagou Formation,Ordos Basin: sedimentation and early diagenesis related to eustatic sea-level changes. Journal of Stratigraphy, 34(2): 145-153] [13] 雷涵,黄文辉,伊硕,王雅婷. 2020. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马家沟组五段白云岩埋藏溶蚀作用研究. 古地理学报, 22(6): 1041-1052. [Lei H,Huang W H,Yi S,Wang Y T.2020. Dissolution characteristics of deep-buried dolostone in the Member 5 of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in southern Ordos Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 22(6): 1041-1052] [14] 雷涛,邓虎成,吴冬,伏美燕,唐明远,崔璐,丁晓琪,夏宇,解馨慧. 2020. 鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田奥陶系马家沟组中下组合沉积模式. 古地理学报, 22(3): 523-538. [Lei T,Deng H C,Wu D,Fu M Y,Tang M Y,Cui L,Ding X Q,Xia Y,Xie X H.2020. Depositional model of the lower-middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Daniudi Gas Field,Ordos Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 22(3): 523-538] [15] 罗清清,刘波,姜伟民,于进鑫,刘诗琦,王远翀,魏柳斌,蔡郑红. 2020. 鄂尔多斯盆地中部奥陶系马家沟组五段白云岩储层成岩作用及孔隙演化. 石油与天然气地质, 41(1): 102-115. [Luo Q Q,Liu B,Jiang W M,Yu J X,Liu S Q,Wang Y C,Wei L B,Cai Z H.2020. Diagenesis and pore evolution of dolomite reservoir in the 5th member of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation,central Ordos Basin. Oil & Gas Geology, 41(1): 102-115] [16] 马占荣,包洪平,黄建松,杨帆. 2019. 论鄂尔多斯盆地陕北盐洼镇钾1井奥陶系马四段的重复. 地质论评, 65(1): 29-39. [Ma Z R,Bao H P,Huang J S,Yang F.2019. Discussing on the duplication of O2m4 in the Well Zhenjia-1,northern Shaanxi Salt Depression,Ordos Basin. Geological Review, 65(1): 29-39] [17] 乔亚斌,张林,王予,张一果,马君霞,姜红霞. 2020. 鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田中奥陶统马家沟组五段凝块石类型与古盐度初步分析. 古地理学报, 22(1): 97-110. [Qiao Y B,Zhang L,Wang Y,Zhang Y G,Ma J X,Jiang H X.2020. Thrombolite types and seawater palaeosalinity of the 5th Member of Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Sulige Gas Field,Ordos Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 22(1): 97-110] [18] 邵东波,包洪平,魏柳斌,蔡郑红,武春英,周黎霞,曹岩刚. 2019. 鄂尔多斯地区奥陶纪构造古地理演化与沉积充填特征. 古地理学报, 21(4): 537-556. [Shao D B,Bao H P,Wei L B,Cai Z H,Wu C Y,Zhou L X,Cao Y G.2019. Tectonic palaeogeography evolution and sedimentary filling characteristics of the Ordovician in the Ordos area. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 21(4): 537-556] [19] 史基安,邵毅,张顺存,付翠琴,白海峰,马占龙,吴志雄. 2009. 鄂尔多斯盆地东部地区奥陶系马家沟组沉积环境与岩相古地理研究. 天然气地球科学, 20(3): 316-324. [Shi J A,Shao Y,Zhang S C,Fu C Q,Bai H F,Ma Z L,Wu Z X.2009. Lithofacies paleogeography and sedimentary environment in Ordovician Majiagou Formation,eastern Ordos Basin. Natural Gas Geoscience, 20(3): 316-324] [20] 孙国凡,刘景平. 1983. 贺兰坳拉槽与前渊盆地及其演化. 石油与天然气地质, 4(3): 236-245. [Sun G F,Liu J P.1983. Helan aulacogen and front basin and their evolution. Oil & Gas Geology, 4(3): 236-245] [21] 王起琮,赵淑萍,魏钦廉,肖玲,杨奕华,郭艳琴,牛苗宁. 2012. 鄂尔多斯盆地中奥陶统马家沟组海相碳酸盐岩储集层特征. 古地理学报, 14(2): 229-242. [Wang Q C,Zhao S P,Wei Q L,Xiao L,Yang Y H,Guo Y Q,Niu M N.2012. Marine carbonate reservoir characteristics of the Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 14(2): 229-242] [22] 吴东旭,吴兴宁,王少依,于洲,丁振纯,孙云川,杨越东. 2017. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系颗粒滩白云岩储层特征及主控因素. 海相油气地质, 22(2): 40-50. [Wu D X,Wu X N,Wang S Y,Yu Z,Ding Z C,Sun Y C,Yang Y D.2017. Characteristics and main controlling factors of Ordovician grain beach dolomite reservoir in Ordos Basin. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 22(2): 40-50] [23] 吴东旭,孙六一,周进高,吴兴宁,黄正良,丁振纯,刘磊. 2019. 鄂尔多斯盆地西缘克里摩里组白云岩储层特征及成因. 天然气工业, 39(6): 51-62. [Wu D X,Sun L Y,Zhou J G,Wu X N,Huang Z L,Ding Z C,Liu L.2019. Characteristics and genesis of the Ordovician Kelimoli dolomite reservoirs in the western edge of the Ordos Basin. Natural Gas Industry, 39(6): 51-62] [24] 吴亚生,姜红霞,李莹,虞功亮. 2021. 微生物碳酸盐岩的显微结构基本特征. 古地理学报, 23(2): 321-334. [Wu Y S,Jiang H X,Li Y,Yu G L.2021. Microfabric characteristics of microbial carbonates. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 23(2): 321-334] [25] 谢锦龙,吴兴宁,孙六一,于洲,王少依. 2013. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组五段岩相古地理及有利区带预测. 海相油气地质, 18(4): 23-32. [Xie J L,Wu X N,Sun L Y,Yu Z,Wang S Y.2013. Lithofacies palaeogeography and potential zone prediction of Ordovician Majiagou Member-5 in Ordos Basin. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 18(4): 23-32] [26] 杨承运,吴朝东. 1998. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组碳酸盐岩沉积成岩微相研究. 地学前缘, 5(4): 266. [Yang C Y,Wu C D.1998. Study on sedimentary and diagenetic microfacies of carbonate rocks of Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin. Earth Science Frontiers, 5(4): 266] [27] 杨海军,陈永权,田军,杜金虎,朱永峰,李洪辉,潘文庆,杨鹏飞,李勇,安海亭. 2020. 塔里木盆地轮探1井超深层油气勘探重大发现与意义. 中国石油勘探, 25(2): 62-72. [Yang H J,Chen Y Q,Tian J,Du J H,Zhu Y F,Li H H,Pan W Q,Yang P F,Li Y,An H T.2020. Great discovery and its significance of ultra-deep oil and gas exploration in well Luntan-1 of the Tarim Basin. China Petroleum Exploration, 25(2): 62-72] [28] 杨华,王宝清,孙六一,任军峰,黄正良,武春英. 2012. 鄂尔多斯盆地中奥陶统马家沟组碳酸盐岩碳、氧稳定同位素特征. 天然气地球科学, 23(4): 616-625. [Yang H,Wang B Q,Sun L Y,Ren J F,Huang Z L,Wu C Y.2012. Characteristics of oxygen and carbon stable isotopes for Middle Ordovician Majiagou Formation carbonate rocks in the Ordos Basin. Natural Gas Geoscience, 23(4): 616-625] [29] 杨华,刘新社,张道锋. 2013. 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩天然气成藏主控因素及勘探进展. 天然气工业, 33(5): 1-12. [Yang H,Liu X S,Zhang D F.2013. Main controlling factors of gas pooling in Ordovician marine carbonate reservoirs in the Ordos Basin and advances in gas exploration. Natural Gas Industry, 33(5): 1-12] [30] 闫佐,王起琮,王妍,宁博,李百强,靳程光. 2015. 鄂尔多斯盆地东南部奥陶系马家沟组云斑灰岩特征及其成因探讨. 中国地质学会2015学术年会. [Yan Z,Wang Q C,Wang Y,Ning B,Li B Q,Jin C G.2015. The origin and characteristic of mottled dolomite limestones of Ordovician Majiaogou Group in southeastern Ordos Basin.2015 Annual Meeting of Geological Society of China] [31] 于洲,丁振纯,吴东旭,董岩,郭婷,刘文. 2017. 鄂尔多斯盆地中东部奥陶系马家沟组沉积相演化模式研究. 海相油气地质, 22(3): 12-22. [Yu Z,Ding Z C,Wu D X,Dong Y,Guo T,Liu W.2017. Sedimentary facies evolution model of Ordovician Majiagou Formation,central-eastern Ordos Basin. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology, 22(3): 12-22] [32] 周进高,付金华,于洲,吴东旭,丁振纯,李维岭,唐瑾. 2020a. 鄂尔多斯盆地海相碳酸盐岩主要储层类型及其形成机制. 天然气工业, 40(11): 20-30. [Zhou J G,Fu J H,Yu Z,Wu D X,Ding Z C,Li W L,Tang J.2020a. Main types and formation mechanisms of marine carbonate reservoirs in the Ordos Basin. Natural Gas Industry, 40(11): 20-30] [33] 周进高,席胜利,邓红婴,于洲,刘新社,丁振纯,李维岭,唐瑾. 2020b. 鄂尔多斯盆地寒武系—奥陶系深层海相碳酸盐岩构造—岩相古地理特征. 天然气工业, 40(2): 41-53. [Zhou J G,Xi S L,Deng H Y,Yu Z,Liu X S,Ding Z C,Li W L,Tang J.2020b. Tectonic-lithofacies paleogeographic characteristics of Cambrian-Ordovician deep marine carbonate rocks in the Ordos Basin. Natural Gas Industry, 40(2): 41-53] [34] Meyer F O,Price R C,Alraimi S M.2000. Stratigraphic and petrophysical characteristics of cored Arab-D super-k intervals,Hawiyah area,Ghawar Field,Saudi Arabia. GeoArabia, 5(3): 355-384.
