Paleogene palaeogeography and oil and gas distribution in Bohai Bay Basin
JI Youliang1,2, REN Hongyan1,2, ZHANG Shiqi3, MA Zhengtao1,2, NIU Jiayu4, GUO Shanshan1,2, GAO Chenxi1,2, LIU Xiaoyu1,2
1 College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China; 2 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China; 3 School of Geoscoences,China University of Petroleum(East China),Shandong Qingdao 266001, China; 4 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development ,Beijing 100083,China;;
Abstract：The Bohai Bay Basin is a typical inner-continent rift basin characterized by six depressions,four uplifts,54 sub-depressions and 44 sub-uplifts. The hydrocarbon distributions are closely related to their palaeogeography. In this paper,integration of a large number of well logging,core,paleontological and seismic data in various depressions in Bohai Bay Basin,as well as a large number of published data,were used to correlate and build the Paleogene(including the Kongdian,Shahejie and Dongying Formations)stratigraphic framework in each depression in Bohai Bay Basin. On this basis,the sedimentary facies of each formation and member of the Paleogene in the Jizhong Depression,Jiyang Depression,and Dongpu sub-depression of Linqing Depression were analyzed,and the sedimentary system map of these areas was compiled. Combined with previously published palaeogeographic reconstruction of the Liaohe Depression,Huanghua Depression and the Bohai Sea area,the lithofacies palaeogeographic map of the Kongdian Formation,the Members 4,3,2,1 of Shahejie Formation,and Dongying Formation of the Paleogene in the Bohai Bay Basin were compiled. There are dozens of oil and gas-bearing sags in the Bohai Bay Basin. The deep lacustrine mudstone in the center of each sag constitutes the source rocks,while the nearshore sublacustrine fans,fan deltas,deltas,beach bars and other sand bodies on the sag margin are important reservoirs. Under favorable accumulation conditions,the source rock in the center of the sag supplies hydrocarbons to the surrounding interbedded reservoirs to form oil reservoirs. In the center of the sag,unconventional hydrocarbon resources such as shale oil,shale gas,and tight oil and gas are also developed. Therefore,each depression is the basic unit of oil and gas generation,migration and accumulation,and an independent oil and gas migration-accumulation system. The distribution of oil-generating sags and their palaeogeographic features control the planar distribution of oil and gas in the Paleogene in the Bohai Bay Basin.
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