Principles of tectonic-depositional differentiation and its geological significance
HE Dengfa1, BAO Hongping2, GAO Shanlin3, LI Di1
1 School of Energy Resources,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083, China; 2 Institute of Exploration and Development,PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi'an 710018,China;; 3 Petroleum Exploration and Production Branch of SINOPEC,Beijing 100728,China;
Abstract：The tectonic-depositional differentiation is a common phenomenon on the Earth surface. It takes place in the lithospheric components such as sedimentary basins,orogenic belts,and cratons. Sediments,fluids,energy,and forces are always changing and differentiating with each other on shallow,intermediate,and deep layers of the lithosphere. From a view of the material composition,spatio-temporal distribution,and mechanic processes,the paper discusses basic features of the tectonic-depositional differentiation in detail,taking the Chinese sedimentary basins as an example. It is defined as geomorphic differences on the Earth surface,which result from tectonic,thermal,gravitational processes,and mantle dynamics,which give rise to the variations in source,routing system,and deposition and fill. It takes place on variable scales that ranges from ocean-continent,basin-orogenic belt,uplift-sag,high-depression systems,to high-and-low relief geomorphic systems. The basement framework,strength,and moving style have marked controls upon the different scale of differentiation. The tectonic stress,gravitation,thermal stress,and mantle dynamics control the differential mechanisms. It exhibits the differentiation cycle with the geological evolution,transforming from rifts and depressions during the extension period into uplifts and sags during the compression period,especially for carbonate platforms changing from the rifted differential platform to the compressive unified platform. All these factors and mechanisms can be interlinked and play roles altogether in the geological spatio-temporal framework,giving multi-varied tectonic-depositional processes. It is a key basis to reconstruct the earth history,to boost the exploration of the ore deposits and resources,and to improve the habitable environments for humankind.
HE Dengfa,BAO Hongping,GAO Shanlin et al. Principles of tectonic-depositional differentiation and its geological significance[J]. JOPC, 2022, 24(5): 920-936.
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