1 Wuxi Institute,Exploration & Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Jiangsu Wuxi 214151,China; 2 Department of Science and Technology, China Petroleum & Chemical Corportion,Beijing 100728,China; 3 Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China; 4 School of Geoscience and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China
Abstract：Ooids in carbonate rocks are significant for the reconstruction of sedimentary environment. The co-occurrence of various ooids is found in the lagoon and shoal of the Ediacaran Qigebulake Formation in the Well Xinghuo 1 region located in the northern Tarim Basin. The characteristics and distribution of different types of oolites are studied based on the systematic methods including the description of field profile,observation of cores,thin sections,casting film,cathodoluminescence,environmental scanning electron microscope(SEM)etc. The specific sedimentary environments of the nucleation and growth of oolites,diagenetic transformation and other processes are discussed in detail. Twelve types of oolites in Qigebulake Formation of the study region are classified based on the microstructure,morphology,assemblage(single or polyphase)and diagenetic alteration. The fresh water metasomatism,rapid pseudo-dolomitization,recrystallization occur in the concentric ooids,radial ooids,etc. The tearing,wear and transport of the bottom currents and eddy currents caused by near-source storms provide the basic conditions for the nucleation of mud crystal ooids,thin-skin ooids,radial mud crystal ooids,brain-shaped ooids,and some spherical ooids,and compound ooids,and the microbial activities. The extensive development of aragonite-high magnesium calcite cementation in the soft substrate of the low-energy environment in the aragonite-dolomite sea promotes the formation of ooids. The former develops in tidal or shoal environments,while the latter develops in tidal-lagoon environments,and the storm surges or undercurrents caused the symbiotic combination of different types of ooids. Therefore,the micrite nucleation with the microbial participation,terrace-form crystal growth in the suspension and accretion process under a certain hydrodynamic condition,differential diagenetic alteration are the dominant factors for the development and occurrence of various types of ooids in the Ediacaran carbonate rocks. The oolitic mold pores,intergranular dissolved pores,intergranular pores,and micropores in the organic matters play the certain role of oil-gas reservoir. The study of the ooids in the Qigebulake Formation is helpful for the reconstruction of Precambrian palaeomarine and atmospheric components,hydrodynamic and microbial effects in nucleation and growth of oolites in soft substrates,early diagenetic transformation,and the formation and preservation mechanisms of pores.
QIAN Yixiong,HE Zhiliang,CHEN Daizhao et al. Characteristics and genesis of various oolites in the Ediacaran Qigebulake Formation in northern Tarim Basin[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(1): 56-74.
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