New cognition and isochronous stratigraphic division scheme of the Yanchang Formation sedimentation in Ordos Basin
CUI Jingwei1,2, ZHU Rukai1,2, XU Wanglin1, SUN Yuanshi1, MAO Zhiguo1,2, BAI Bin1
1 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China; 2 Key Laboratory of Petroleum Reservoir,PetroChina,Beijing 100083, China
Abstract：The annual oil production of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin exceeds 3500×104 t. However,the current division scheme of “marker layer constraints and equal-thickness splitting of oil formations”for this main production layer is challenged in the practice of oil and gas exploration and development. Using the dating data of tuffs in the Chang 7 interval of different sedimentary systems and the high-quality 3D seismic data volume newly collected in the Qingchengbei area of the basin,stratigraphic isotopic chronology studies and high-precision seismic stratigraphic interpretation under the constraints of drilling data were carried out respectively. The zircon dating results show that the Chang 7 interval in the southeast of the basin belongs to the Middle Triassic,and it is suggested that zircon ID-TIMS dating can achieve high-precision stratigraphic correlation of different sedimentary systems. At the same time,11 prograding bodies were identified from the bottom of Chang 2 interval to the top of Chang 73 interval in Yanchang Formation in North Qingcheng 3D work area,and the evolution of six prograding bodies in Chang 7 interval was described. Aiming at the difficulty of isochronous division of continental strata in the Yanchang Formation,it is proposed to establish high-precision stratigraphic dating “anchor points” for the Chang 7 interval of different provenance systems,and use the elevated frequency seismic data to compare with well logging small layers to “mathch” and re-divide the high-frequency layers. The sequence “framework” was established,and the isochronous comparison scheme of the Yanchang Formation was established. This study is helpful for summarizing the oil distribution law of Yanchang Formation,and also provides a reference for the sedimentary evolution and stratigraphic isochronous comparison of other continental lacustrine basins.
CUI Jingwei,ZHU Rukai,XU Wanglin et al. New cognition and isochronous stratigraphic division scheme of the Yanchang Formation sedimentation in Ordos Basin[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(1): 93-104.
[1] 操应长. 2005. 断陷湖盆中强制湖退沉积作用及其成因机制. 沉积学报, 23(1): 84-90. [Cao Y C. 2005. Sedimentation and its forming mechanism of the forced lacustrine regression in the rift lacustine basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 23(1): 84-90] [2] 蔡雄飞,章泽军,顾延生. 2001. 对陆相区域地层研究的一些思考. 江西地质, 15(4): 253-255. [Cai X F,Zhang Z J,Gu Y S. 2001. Some considerations on continental regional stratigraphic study. Geology in Jiangxi, 15(4): 253-255] [3] 邓秀芹,李文厚,刘新社,庞锦莲,刘鑫. 2009. 鄂尔多斯盆地中三叠统与上三叠统地层界线讨论. 地质学报, 83(8): 1089-1096. [Deng X Q,Li W H,Liu X S,Pang J L,Liu X. 2009. Discussion on the stratigraphic boundary between Middle Triassic and Upper Triassic. Acta Geologica Sinica, 83(8): 1089-1096] [4] 邓秀芹,罗安湘,张忠义,刘鑫. 2013. 秦岭造山带与鄂尔多斯盆地印支期构造事件年代学对比. 沉积学报, 31(6): 939-953. [Deng X Q,Luo A X,Zhang Z Y,Liu X. 2013. Geochronological comparison on Indosinian tectonic events between Qinling orogeny and Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 31(6): 939-953] [5] 邓胜徽,卢远征,罗忠,樊茹,李鑫,赵怡,马雪莹,朱如凯,崔景伟. 2018. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组的划分、时代及中—上三叠统界线. 中国科学: 地球科学, 48(10): 1293-1311. [Deng S H,Lu Y Z,Luo Z,Fan R,Li X,Zhao Y,Ma X Y,Zhu R K,Cui J W. 2018. Subdivision and age of the Yanchang Formation and the Middle/Upper Triassic boundary in Ordos Basin,North China. Science China Earth Sciences, 48(10): 1293-1311] [6] 冯雪,高胜利,刘永涛,王秀珍. 2021. 鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组三角洲前缘前积结构特征. 岩性油气藏, 33(6): 48-58. [Feng X,Gao S L,Liu Y T,Wang X Z. 2021. Characteristics of delta front progradation structure of Yanchang Formation in Longdong area,Ordos Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs, 33(6): 48-58] [7] 付晶,吴胜和,王哲,刘钰铭. 2015. 湖盆浅水三角洲分流河道储层构型模式: 以鄂尔多斯盆地东缘延长组野外露头为例. 中南大学学报: 自然科学版, 46(11): 4174-4182. [Fu J,Wu S H,Wang Z,Liu Y M. 2015. Architecture model of shallow-water delta distributary channel in lake basin: a case study of the Yanchang Formation outcrops in the eastern margin of Ordos Basin. Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology), 46(11): 4174-4182] [8] 谷明峰,朱茂,梁锋,田瀚,李文正,郝毅. 2021. 四川盆地磨溪地区灯四段前积体产状定量解释及其应用. 石油地球物理勘探, 56(4): 853-868,675-676. [Gu M F,Zhu M,Liang F,Tian H,Li W Z,Hao Y. 2021. Quantitative interpretation and application of progradational reflection in the fourth member of Dengying Formation in the Moxi area,Sichuan Basin. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 56(4): 853-868,675-676] [9] 惠潇,侯云超,龙盛芳,郭懿萱,张杰,刘鑫. 2021. 鄂尔多斯盆地地震地层与地震沉积学研究: 以陇东地区延长组中段为例. 第十六届全国古地理学及沉积学学术会议论文摘要集: 143-144. [Hui X,Hou Y C,Long S F,Guo Y X,Zhang J,Liu X. 2021. Seismic stratigraphy and sedimentology in Ordos Basin: a case study of the middle Yanchang Formation in Longdong Area. The abstract proceedings of the 16th National Conference of Palaeogeography and Sedimentology: 143-144] [10] 惠潇,侯云超,喻建,龙盛芳,郭懿萱,刘永涛,张杰. 2022. 大型陆相坳陷湖盆深湖区前积型地震地层特征及砂体分布规律: 以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组中段为例. 沉积学报, 40(3): 787-800. [Hui X,Hou Y C,Yu J,Long S F,Guo Y X,Liu Y T,Zhang J. 2022. Progradational seismic strata features and distribution of sandstone in the Deep-water area of a Large-scale lacustrine depression basin: a case study of the middle Yanchang Formation in Longdong,Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 40(3): 787-800] [11] 李慧琼,蒲仁海,王大兴,赵玉华,张杰,赵德勇. 2014. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组地震前积反射的地质意义. 石油地球物理勘探, 49(5): 985-996,823. [Li H Q,Pu R H,Wang D X,Zhao Y H,Zhang J,Zhao D Y. 2014. Progradational reflection from lacustrine Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin,China. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 49(5): 985-996,823] [12] 李思田,林畅松,解习农,杨士恭,焦养泉. 1995. 大型陆相盆地层序地层学研究: 以鄂尔多斯中生代盆地为例. 地学前缘, 25(4): 133-136,148. [Li S T,Lin C S,Xie X N,Yang S G,Jiao Y Q. 1995. Approaches of nonmarine sequence stratigraphy: a case study on the Mesozoic Ordos Basin. Earth Science Frontiers, 25(4): 133-136,148] [13] 李文厚,庞军刚,曹红霞. 2009. 鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世延长期沉积体系及岩相古地理演化. 西北大学学报(自然科学版), 39(3): 501-506. [Liu W H,Pang J G,Cao H X. 2009. Depositional system and paleogeographic evolution of the Late Triassic Yanchang stage in Ordos Basin. Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition), 39(3): 501-506] [14] 李亚,姚建新,王思恩,庞其清. 2016. 鄂尔多斯盆地中—晚三叠世陆相地层与建阶. 地球学报, 37(3): 267-276. [Li Y,Yao J X,Wang S E,Pang Q Q. 2016. Middle-Late Triassic terrestrial strata and establishment of stages in the Ordos Basin. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 37(3): 267-276] [15] 刘建平,鲜本忠,纪友亮,龚丞琳,王俊辉,王震,陈鹏. 2018. 湖相前积体的结构差异及对深水沉积物输送的意义: 以中国东部渤海湾盆地东营凹陷始新世为例. 第十五届全国古地理学及沉积学学术会议. [Liu J P,Xian B Z,Ji Y L,Gong C L,Wang J H,Wang Z,Chen P. 2018. Architectural variability of lacustrine clinothems and implications for sediment delivery to deep-basin: the Eocene Dongying Depression,Bohai Bay Basin,east China. The 15th National Conference of Palaeogeography and Sedimentology] [16] 莫午零,吴朝东,张顺. 2012. 松辽盆地嫩江组二三段陆相坳陷湖盆大型三角洲前积体形成机制. 石油天然气学报, 34(1): 1-6. [Mo W L,Wu C D,Zhang S. 2012. Forming mechanism of continental depression-lacustrine large detla of the 2-3 Members of Nenjiang Formation in Songliao Basin. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 34(1): 1-6] [17] 蒲仁海. 1994. 前积反射的地质解释. 石油地球物理勘探, 29(4): 490-497. [Pu R H. 1994. Geological interpretation of progradational reflections. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 29(4): 490-497] [18] 蒲仁海,苏江玉,俞仁连. 2012. 泥岩形成的前积反射. 石油地球物理勘探, 32(4): 624-628. [Pu R H,Su J Y,Yu R L. 2012. Progradational reflections caused by shale. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 32(4): 624-628] [19] 邱欣卫,刘池洋,李元昊,毛光周,王建强. 2009. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组凝灰岩夹层展布特征及其地质意义. 沉积学报, 27(6): 1138-1146. [Qiu X W,Liu C Y,Li Y H,Mao G Z,Wang J Q. 2009. Distribution characteristics and geological significances of tuff interlayers in Yanchang Formation of Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 27(6): 1138-1146] [20] 田树刚,王乃文. 2005. “陆相层型”建立的认识与思考. 古地理学报, 7(4): 561-569. [Tian S G,Wang N W. 2005. Knowledge and ideas about establishment of “Terrestrial Stratotype”. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 7(4): 561-569] [21] 童金南,楚道亮,梁蕾,舒文超,宋海军,宋婷,宋虎跃,吴玉样. 2019. 中国三叠纪综合地层和时间框架. 中国科学: 地球科学, 49(1): 194-226. [Tong J N,Chu D L,Liang L,Shu W C,Song H J,Song T,Song H Y,Wu Y Y. 2019. Triassic integrative stratigraphy and timescale of China. Science China Earth Sciences, 49(1): 194-226] [22] 王多云,辛补社,杨华,付金华,姚泾利,张瑜. 2014. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7底部凝灰岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及地质意义. 中国科学: 地球科学, 44(10): 2160-2171. [Wang D Y,Xin B S,Yang H,Fu J H,Yao J L,Zhang Y. 2014. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age and geological implications of tuff at the bottom of Chang-7 Member of Yanchang Formation in the Ordos Basin. Science China Earth Sciences, 44(10): 2160-2171] [23] 王岚,李文厚,林潼,王若谷. 2012. 鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组长6油层组储集层成岩作用及其影响因素. 古地理学报, 14(3): 311-320. [Wang L,Li W H,Lin T,Wang R G. 2012. Diagenesis and its influence factors of the Chang 6 interval of Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 14(3): 311-320] [24] 王若谷,李文厚,廖友运,郭艳琴,刘昊伟. 2013. 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长 7段物源区分析. 地质通报, 32(4): 671-684. [Wang R G,Li W H,Liao Y Y,Guo Y Q,Liu H W. 2013. Provenance analysis of Chang 7 member of Triassic Yanchang Fomation in Ordos Bain. Geological Bulletin of China, 32(4): 671-684] [25] 王建强,刘池洋,李行,吴桐桐,吴经理. 2017. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组长7段凝灰岩形成时代、物质来源及其意义. 沉积学报, 35(4): 691-704. [Wang J Q,Liu C Y,Li H,Wu T T,Wu J L. 2017. Geochronology,potential source and regional implications of tuff intervals in Chang-7 Member of Yanchang Formation,South of Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 35(4): 691-704] [26] 辛补社,杨华,付金华,王多云,姚泾利,张瑜,左博. 2013a. 甘肃靖远宝积山地区上三叠统南营儿群底部凝灰岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb年龄及其地层学意义. 地质论评, 59(2): 267-273. [Xin B S,Yang H,Fu J H,Wang D Y,Yao J L,Zhang Y,Zuo B. 2013a. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age and its stratigraphic significance of tuff at the bottom of the Upper Triassic Nanying'er Group,Mount Baoji Area,Jingyuan County,Gansu Province. Geological Review, 59(2): 267-273] [27] 辛补社,杨华,王多云,付金华,姚泾利,罗安湘,张瑜. 2013b. 甘肃靖远王家山地区凝灰岩锆石U-Pb 年龄及地层对比意义. 地球科学进展, 28(9): 1043-1048. [Xin B S,Yang H,Wang D Y,Fu J H,Yao J L,Luo A X,Zhang Y. 2013b. SHRIMP U-Pb age and its stratigraphic significance of tuff at the Baojishan area,Jingyuan County,Gansu Province. Advances in Earth Science, 28(9): 1043-1048] [28] 肖丽. 2008. 鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世早期沉积体系与沉积演化规律. 西北大学硕士论文. [Xiao L. 2008. Sedimentary system and depositional evolution of Ordos Basin in early period of Late Triassic. Masteral dissertation of Northwest University] [29] 徐怀大,王世凤,陈开远. 1990. 地震地层学解释基础. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社,28-63. [Xu H D,Wang S F,Chen K Y. 1990. Fundamentals of Seismic Stratigraphy Interpretation. Wuhan: China University of Geoscience Press,28-63] [30] 徐怀大. 1995. 如何推动我国层序地层学迅速发展. 地学前缘, 12(3): 103-113. [Xu H D. 1995. How to promote the development of sequence stratigraphy rapidly in China. Earth Science Frontiers, 12(3): 103-113] [31] 杨雨. 1994. 甘肃省西大沟群. 中国区域地质, 4: 289-294. [Yang Yu. 1994. The Xidagou Group in Gansu. Regional Geology of China, 4: 289-294] [32] 杨俊杰. 2002. 鄂尔多斯盆地构造演化与油气分布规律. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 104-105. [Yang J J. 2002. Tectonic Evolution and Oil Gas Reservoirs Distribution in Ordos Basin. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 104-105] [33] 杨华,陈洪德,付金华,2012. 鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世沉积地质与油藏分布规律. 北京: 科学出版社,3-5. [Yang H,Chen H D,Fu J H. 2012. Late Triassic sedimentary geology and reservoir distribution in Ordos Basin. Beijing: Science Press,3-5] [34] 杨华,张文正,刘显阳,李善鹏,邵创国. 2013. 优质烃源岩在鄂尔多斯低渗透富油盆地形成中的关键作用. 地球科学与环境学报, 35(4): 1-9. [Yang H,Zhang W Z,Liu X Y,Li S P,Shao C G. 2013. Key role of high-quality source rocks on the formation of low-permeability oil rich reservoirs in Ordos Basin. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 35(4): 1-9] [35] 张守信. 1979. 地层划分概念的发展与中国地层规范的修订. 地层学杂志, 21(2): 103-112. [Zhang S X. 1979. Development of stratigraphic division concept and revision of Stratigraphic code in China. Acta Stratigraphica Sinica, 21(2): 103-112] [36] 张辉,彭平安,张文正. 2014. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7段凝灰岩锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成特征及其地质意义. 岩石学报, 30(2): 565-575. [Zhang H,Peng P A,Zhang W Z. 2014. Zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotope characterization and their geological significance of Chang 7 tuff of Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 30(2): 565-575] [37] 张东阳. 2008. 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长 8油层组沉积相研究. 西北大学硕士论文. [Zhang D Y. 2008. Sedimentary facies of Chang 9 oil foramtion of the Triassic Yancahng formation in Ordos Basin. Masteral dissertation of Northwest Univeristy] [38] 张金伟,王军,吴明荣. 2008. 利用地震前积反射特征确定古水流方向的沉积几何方法. 油气地质与采收率, 15(5): 53-55. [Zhang J W,Wang J,Wu M R. 2008. A geometrical method of calculating paleocurrent direction using seismic progradation reflection characteristics. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 15(5): 53-55] [39] 张文,李玉宏,张乔,陈高潮,韩伟,赵峰华. 2017. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组时代划分及长73对印支I幕的响应. 地球科学, 42(9): 1565-1577. [Zhang W,Li Y H,Zhang Q,Chen G C,Han W,Zhao F H. 2017. Chronostratigraphic division of Yanchang Formation in Southern Ordos Basin and response of chang 73 to Episode 1 of Indosinian movement. Earth Science, 42(9): 1565-1577] [40] 张文正,杨华,彭平安,杨奕华,张辉,石小虎. 2009. 晚三叠世火山活动对鄂尔多斯盆地长7优质烃源岩发育的影响. 地球化学, 38(6): 573-582. [Zhang W Z,Yang H,Peng P A,Yang Y H,Zhang H,Shi X H. 2009. The influence of Late Triassic volcanism on the development of Chang 7 high grade hydrocarbon source rock in Ordos Basin. Geochimica, 38(6): 573-582] [41] Aitken J F,Flint S S. 1995. The application of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy to fluvial systems: a case study from the Upper Carboniferous Breathitt Group,eastern Kentucky,USA. Sedimentology, 42(1): 3-30. [42] Cui J W,Zhu R K,Li S X,Qi Y L,Shi X Z,Mao Z G. 2019. Development patterns of source rocks in the depression lake basin and its influence on oil accumulation: case study of the Chang 7 member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin,China. Journal of Natural Gas Geoscience, 4(4): 191-204. [43] Gradstein F M,Ogg J G,Schmitz M D,Ogg G M. 2012. The Geologic Time Scale, Vol. 2. Elsevier: 716-718. [44] Liu J,Li L,Li X W. 2013. SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of the Triassic Ermaying and Tongchuang formations in Shanxi,China and its stratigraphic implications. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 51(2): 162-168. [45] Liu J,Ramezani J,Li L,Shang Q H,Xu G H,Wang Y Y,Yang J S. 2017. High-precision temporal calibration of Middle Triassic vertebrate biostratigraphy: U-Pb zircon constraints for the Sinokannemeyeria Fauna and Yonghesuchus. Vertebrata Palasiatica, 56(1): 16-24. [46] Yang H,Deng X Q. 2013. Deposition of Yanchang Formation deep-water sandstone under the control of tectonic events in the Ordos Basin. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 40(5): 549-557. [47] Zhao X,Zheng D R,Xie G W,Jenkyns H C,Guan C G,Fang Y N. 2020. Recovery of lacustrine ecosystems after the end-Permian mass extinction. Geology, 48: 609-613. [48] Zhu R K,Cui J W,Deng S H,Luo Z,Lu Y Z,Qiu Z. 2019. High-precision dating and geological significance of Chang 7 tuff zircon of the Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin in central China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 93(6): 1823-1834.
