Sedimentary facies and paleoenvironmental evolution of the Cenozoic Lanzhou Basin,northeastern Tibetan Plateau
LI Zhaoyu1,2, LI Yongxiang1, LI Wenhou1, ZHANG Yunxiang1, XIE Kun1, ZHANG Qian1, LI Zhaoyang3
1 Department of Geology/State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,China; 2 Swedish Museum of Natural History,Stockholm 10405,Sweden 3 China Coal Energy Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710054,China
Abstract：As one of the earliest Cenozoic sedimentary basins located on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, the Lanzhou Basin is an ideal area to study the plateau uplift and paleoclimatic evolution. Based on the outcrop observations, lithological characteristics, paleontological fossils and sedimentary geochemistry, comprehensive studies were carried out on the sedimentary evolution of the Lanzhou Basin during the Eocene-Middle Miocene. The results show that the orange or brownish red sandstone of the Eocene Xiliugou Formation represents the eolian desert deposits, rather than the fan delta or the fluvio-lacustrine facies. After the deposition of the Xiliugou Formation, fluvial-delta-lacustrine facies occurred in the basin. The Yehucheng sedimentary period was characterized by a hot dry climate, forming inshore shallow lake deposits, together with small-scale delta. From the late Early Oligocene (i.e., the early stage of the Xianshuihe Period), delta deposition developed, and then the water body gradually expanded. Until the Late Oligocene, the inshore shallow lake deposits developed, and the paleoenvironment changed from the semihumid-semiarid open woodlands and shrub to arid shrub and grassland. At the beginning of the Early Miocene (i.e., the middle stage of the Xianshuihe Period), the delta plain deposits developed, and then rapidly evolved into the delta front and shallow lacustrine environments, representing the final expansion of the Cenozoic lake in the Lanzhou Basin dominated by the semi-dry climate. During the Middle Miocene (i.e., the late stage of the Xianshuihe Period), the lake basin began to shrink and gradually disappeared, which was replaced by the fluvial sedimentary system, and the small-scale bottomlands were only locally distributed. The paleoenvironment was predominated by semiarid shrub and grasslands.
LI Zhaoyu,LI Yongxiang,LI Wenhou et al. Sedimentary facies and paleoenvironmental evolution of the Cenozoic Lanzhou Basin,northeastern Tibetan Plateau[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(3): 648-670.
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