Karst development and distribution pattern of the Maokou Formation in Yuanba area,northern Sichuan Basin
ZHU Dancheng1,2, YU Yamin1,2, LI Ting1,2, ZHANG Lei3, LI Rangbin3, YANG Minglei1,2, ZOU Huayao1,2
1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China; 2 College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China; 3 SINOPEC Exploration Company,Chengdu 610041,China
Abstract：The upper part of the Maokou limestones in the Yuanba area of the Sichuan Basin suffered from karstic modification during the regional regression stage at the end of the middle Permian. However,the development characteristics and distribution pattern of the karst zone are ambiguous. This paper combined core observations,well-logging lithology interpretation,horizon calibration of three-dimensional seismic data volume and seismic facies interpretation. Relative acoustic impedance inversion and seismic slice image analysis techniques can increase the interpretation resolution of the seismic data. All these data were used to establish the sequence framework,and the sedimentary facies and karst distribution were illustrated to predict the distribution pattern and mode of karst zones. The results show that(1)three third transgression-regression(T-R)sequences were developed in the Maokou Formation of the Yuanba area. The bioclastic shoals were developed in the regression cycles of the second and the third tertiary sequences. In the second sequence,the inner-platform shoals were located at the topograghic high position. Meanwhile,in the third sequence,the platform edge debris beach was developed along the margin of the platform around well YB7. (2)The development and distribution of karst zones were dominated by bioclastic shoals,which presented vertically as a surface karst zone,vertical seepage zone,high-angle dissolution fracture and cave of the deep slow flow zone,and layer-parallel caves in the phreatic zone at the core scale. (3)The karst zones are located along the coastline side of the bioclastic shoals on the plane,presenting the coastal karst development mode. (4)The layer-parallel caves at the top of the phreatic zone were the major reservoir space of the karst zone in the Maokou Formation. However,the caves were mostly occupied by sediments(mainly tuffs and limestone silts)and cements(mainly calcites)in the meteoric diagenetic realm,remaining relatively limited reserve capacity at present. The karst distribution pattern of the Maokou Formation in the Yuanba area was proposed,and its impacts on hydrocarbon exploration and risks were also discussed.
ZHU Dancheng,YU Yamin,LI Ting et al. Karst development and distribution pattern of the Maokou Formation in Yuanba area,northern Sichuan Basin[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(3): 701-714.
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