1 油气资源与工程全国重点实验室,中国石油大学(北京),北京 102249; 2 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京 102249; 3 Jackson School of Geosciences,The University of Texas at Austin,Austin,Texas 78712,USA; 4 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081
A review on tidal depositional processes and characteristics
PENG Yang1,2, STEEL J.Ronald3, GONG Chenglin2, WEI Xiaojie4, SHENG Lina2
1 National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China; 2 College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China; 3 Jackson School of Geosciences,The University of Texas at Austin,Austin,Texas 78712,USA; 4 Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
Abstract：Tidal deposits not only play a significant role in reconstruction of palaeogeographic sedimentary environments and palaeoclimate,but also are important reservoirs in oil and gas exploration. Tides,characterized by periodic fluctuations in the water level accompanied by horizontal water flows,arise from the gravitational attractions between the Earth,Moon,and Sun. Tidal currents exhibit distinctive characteristics compared to other currents,as they show systematic changes in flow direction and velocity with intervening slack-water periods within each tidal cycle. The characteristic features of tidal currents have a profound influence on sediment transport and depositional processes. Tidal processes can form a variety of sedimentary structures or features,including tidal rhythmites,flaser-wavy-lenticular bedding,tidal bundles,reactivation surfaces,compound cross bedding,bidirectional cross bedding,double mud drapes,fluid mud deposits,etc. These sedimentary structures or features occur in various tidal depositional environments and are controlled by tidal depositional processes,resulting in complex stratigraphic architectures within the depositional systems. In oil and gas exploration,it is crucial to conduct detailed characterization of the rock record and infer associated sedimentary processes in order to enhance predictions regarding the distribution of corresponding sedimentary facies and main sandbodies. This paper provides a comprehensive review of tide generation with controlling factors,tidal depositional processes,sedimentary structures,and their depositional environments. The aim is to improve understanding of recent research progress in tidal depositional systems and offer scientific guidance for oil and gas exploration and development.
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