1 School of Earth Sciences,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan 430074,China; 2 Innovation Center of Ore Resources Exploration Technology in the Region of Bedrock,Ministry of Natural Resources of People’s Republic of China,Guiyang 550081,China; 3 School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China; 4 Geological Brigade 106,Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development of Guizhou Province,Guizhou Zunyi 563003,China; 5 Mineral Resources Reserve Evaluation Centre of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530028,China
Abstract：In most bauxite deposits around the world,concentric colloidal pellet structures are commonly observed. The growth process of these structures records valuable information about the mineralization of bauxite,offering the potential to reconstruct the bauxite-forming environment. Unlike the more extensively studied oolitic structures in carbonate deposits,the research on similar multilayered pellet structures in bauxite deposits is still limited. The basic definition,formation mechanism,and time constraints of these structures remain unclear,and thus require further investigation. In view of this issue and the character of pelleted structure in the deposition-cementation layers of modern tropical laterite profiles,this research was carried out on the Lower Permian bauxite deposits in the Danping mining area of Wuchuan-Zheng’an-Daozhen region in northern Guizhou,China. The concentric layered structure of bauxite deposits is proposed here to be named as “colloidal pelleted structure”. On the basis of the geological characteristics of ore-bearing lithostratigraphic profiles in the Danping bauxite deposit,this study focuses on investigating the colloidal pellet structures. The colloidal pellets in the Danping bauxite deposit consist of alternating layers of different types of core and surrounding alternating Al-hematite and boehmite minerals. The sphericity of the colloidal pellets was statistically analyzed using the dichotomy,which showed that they are predominantly circular or nearly circular. The normalized pellet layers range from 11.2 to 319.5 μm in thickness. According to the statistics of the number of pellet layers,the majority are around 1-3 layers. Based on the above statistical data,Fick’s first law and its extended form were used to estimate the growth time of the colloidal pellets,and construction of a diffusion growth model was attempted. The results show that the formation time of the Al-hematite layers within the pellets ranges from 0.1 to 96.9 years,while the formation time of the boehmite layers ranges from 0.2 to 143.6 years. The formation time of the microscopic-scale colloidal pellets(0.1~0.4 mm)and hand-sized colloidal pallets(2.0~5.0 mm)is estimated to be around 0.6 to 481.2 years and 1178 to 7364 years,respectively. Furthermore,the estimated formation time of colloidal pellets of various sizes(0.1~5.0 mm)in bauxite deposits is 0.6 to 7364 years. These findings indicate that there is a complex relationship between colloidal pellet structures and leaching processes during bauxite formation. The formation of interlayered concentric structures indicates the periodic agglomeration of colloidal pellets within the aluminum-bearing strata in the Danping area,providing a microscopic depiction of the periodic ore-forming rhythm. The geochemical behavior of aluminum during the formation of colloidal pellets may be the dominant factor,and it is influenced by key control conditions such as the concentration of organic acids in weathering profiles,Redox Conditions and the surface charge properties of layered minerals affecting the adsorption and enrichment processes of hydroxyaluminum and exchangeable aluminum.
CHENG Long,YU Wenchao,DU Yuansheng et al. Genesis of colloidal pellets of Danping bauxite deposit in northern Guizhou Province and estimation of their mineralization duration[J]. JOPC, 2024, 26(5): 1167-1184.
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