Characteristics and formation mechanism of patchy dolostone of the Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in eastern Hannan-Micangshan area
LI Ying1, LI Fei1,2, LU Ziye1,2, LI Yangfan1, WANG Zengjun1, LI Yalan1, XIE Hui1, ZHANG Tianshu1
1 School of Geoscience and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China; 2 State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Natural Gas Geology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China
Abstract：Patchy dolostone,a common type of dolostone,is distinguished by its heterogeneity and complex internal structure,requiring a comprehensive investigation of its origins and formation mechanisms. In this study,the Yangjiagou section in the eastern Hannan-Micangshan area is selected as a representative example. Through comprehensive field observations and various methods including petrography,sedimentology and geochemistry,13 types of lithofacies and five dolomite types were identified in the Xiannüdong Formation. Geochemical methods were employed to analyze the carbon and oxygen isotopes as well as trace element compositions of these dolostone.Our findings indicate that the occurrence of patchy dolostone is strongly associated with the location of vertical tectonic fractures and transverse extension zones. The fractures within the patchy dolostone and surrounding limestones are filled by coarse-grained saddle dolomite. Notably,the δ18O values of the patchy dolomites (δ18O: -8.17‰ to-6.58‰) are lower than those of the contemporaneous seawater-derived dolomites. Additionally,in-situ trace element measurements reveal that dolomite crystals exhibit high Mn/Sr ratios(mean of 14.8),a positive Eu anomalies(mean of 1.3),and a middle rare earth elements-enriched pattern when normalized to shale. After excluding other possibilities,it is inferred that the formation of patchy dolostone in the study area can be attributed to the influence of regional fault-controlled hydrothermal fluids. The significance of this study lies in its ability to identify the distribution and development of Cambrian dolomites within the Xiannüdong Formation in the surrounding area,as well as to clarify the identification markers and formation processes of hydrothermal dolomites. This study may provide valuable insights for oil and gas exploration in the northern Sichuan Basin.
LI Ying,LI Fei,LU Ziye et al. Characteristics and formation mechanism of patchy dolostone of the Cambrian Xiannüdong Formation in eastern Hannan-Micangshan area[J]. JOPC, 2024, 26(5): 1235-1255.
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