Characteristic and formation cause of white sandstones in the Jurassic outcrop area of burnt rocks in northern China
DONG Yan1, WANG Meiling2, CHEN Bin3, SHI Zhiqiang1
1 Institute of Sedimentary Geology,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China; 2 Gudao Oil Production Plant, Shengli Oilfield Company of Sinopec, Shandong Dongying 257000, China; 3 School of Geography and Environment,Liaocheng University,Shandong Liaocheng 252000,China
Abstract：Burnt rocks are widely distributed across northern China,often formed by the spontaneous combustion of Jurassic coal beds during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. White sandstones are commonly accompanied with the red burnt rocks caused by the spontaneous combustion of Jurassic coals in these areas. These white sandstones have received little attention,and their formation remains poorly understood. In this study,the white sandstones accompanied with burnt rocks are observed at the Jurassic outcrops in the margins of Yili,Junggar,Tuha and Ordos Basins. White sandstone samples were collected and analyzed through thin section identification,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and energy spectrum analysis to examine their petrological and mineralogical characteristics. The results show that the white sandstones in the Jurassic coal-bearing sequence are distributed at the top,bottom or alongside of burnt rocks,with light-grey white color,loose structure,and well-developed porosity. The clastic grains are mainly quartz and feldspar minerals,and the interstitial material is mainly kaolinite. Unique pore structures caused by fluid movement are also observed. According to the spatial correlation with burnt rocks,we propose that the cause of these white sandstones is closely related to the spontaneous combustion of Jurassic coals. The massive production of kaolinite,removement of nonferrous metals and vanishment of organic matter are likely caused by coal combustion process,which result in the formation of white sandstones. Thus,these white sandstones represent a special type of low-temperature baked rock. Three genetic models are proposed for the formation of these white sandstones: (A)valley incision type,(B)fissure incision type and(C)hill infiltration type.
DONG Yan,WANG Meiling,CHEN Bin et al. Characteristic and formation cause of white sandstones in the Jurassic outcrop area of burnt rocks in northern China[J]. JOPC, 2024, 26(6): 1325-1337.
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