Environmental evolution and hominin behavior adaptation of Shanghu Paleolithic site,Jiangxi Province
JIA Ya'na1,2,3, LI Sanling4, ZHAO Wenjie5, ZHU Yan1, LIU Chonghao1, TU Hua6, LI Hao7, ZHANG Yuzhu1
1 Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity,College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China; 2 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710061, China; 3 Institute of Global Environmental Change,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China; 4 School of History and Culture,Henan University,Henan Kaifeng 475001, China; 5 Jiangxi Provincial Institute of Cultural Heritage and Archaeology,Nanchang 330095,China; 6 Institute of Marine Science,Shantou University,Guangdong Shantou 515063, China; 7 State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System,Environment and Resources,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101, China
Abstract：Understanding the depositional process and paleoenvironment of the archaeological site is crucial for comprehending ancient human technology behavior. The Shanghu site,an open-air Paleolithic site,was newly discovered in southern China. Abundant stone artifacts,characterized by miniaturization,were unearthed from the homogeneous red soil B layer,dated to approximately 26 000 years ago. Integrated field investigation,micromorphology,magnetic susceptibility,grain size,geochemistry and archaeological taphonomy were comprehensively conducted. Our findings reveal that the homogeneous red soil B layer was primarily influenced by low-energy slope water processes,which allowed for the preservation of relatively intact records of ancient human technological behavior. The Shanghu site was frequently occupied by ancient humans during the MIS2 period. This may be related to the fact that ancient humans in North China with small flake tool industry were unable to withstand the extremely cold-dry climate,and were compelled to migrate southward,eventually arriving in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River where the climate was relatively dry and cool. Moreover,ancient humans adopted a logistical mobility strategy to cope with the risks of uneven distribution and reduced predictability of resources caused by the extreme climate.
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