Based on the analysis of organic carbon，charcoal pieces，pollen，and ratio of carbon and nitrogen from sediment profiles in flooded hill foot，and the features of topography and sediment materials at Xishan Relic Site of Zhengzhou，Henan Province，this paper presents changes of climate and living environment since 7 000 a BPin this area  The main results are as follows: (1) Since 7 300 aBP，two periods were divided Before about 2 900 a BP，the climate was warm and wet，similar to today's climate in Jianghuai regionDry land could be developed in higher platform under this climatic conditionThere were at least 5 drier stages during this warm and wet period from the analysis of content of organic carbon  The climate after 2900 a BP showed an obvious trend of arid which was similar to that of today in Zhengzhou(2) The topography in this region is a broad flooded plain with a southeast slope A gullylike river，named Kuhe，passes through the plain but has less flooding The plain consists of the Pleistocene flooded loess in the lower layers and the Holocene loess in the upper layersSo at ancient time，people lived here and had dryland farming (3) According to the insufficient amount of nitrogen supply from farmland，dryland agriculture started at least from  about 7 300 a BPThis result is the same with the conclusion from pollen analysis，most of which was from grassAccording to the analysis of concentration of charcoal pieces，the concentration of pieces with the diameter of long axis less than 50μ was n×102 piece/cm3 for samples before 5 000 a BP，but for samples after 5000 a BP，most of the pieces had diameters larger than 50μThis change showed the development of tillage and fertilizer technologies