内波单独作用形成的深水沉积物波

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2002.01.009

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摘要

深水沉积物波是一种海底普遍发育、规模较大的波状沉积体,大多数学者将它们解释为等深流沉积或浊流沉积。本文结合内波理论的研究进展，考虑内波沉积作用的水动力学特征，探讨了深水沉积物波的内波成因机制。得出以下几点认识：①海底流动单独作用无法满足沉积物波形成所需的流动层厚度及流动速度，较难解释沉积物波的迁移方向及规则的内部及外部形态。②内波可以引起海底流动，内波比表面波更容易形成更大规模范围内的沉积床形。③内波可以形成大型沉积物波，用内波可以较合理地解释内波的对称波形单元、非对称波形单元及上攀波形单元的成因。波动面离海底距离较大的行进内波及内驻波可以形成对称波形的沉积物波；波动面离海底距离较近的行进内波及内孤立波可以形成非对称波形的沉积物波；内波引起的海底流动进一步增强时，可形成上攀波形沉积物波。④行进内波可以形成向内波传播相反方向迁移的沉积物波，向海盆内部传播的内波可以形成向上坡方向迁移的沉积物波。

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Abstract：

Deep-water sediment waves are wavy depositional bodies of large-scale, which are well developed on the seafloor. They have been universally interpreted as contour-current deposits or turbidity–current deposits. Incorporated with the new development of the theory of internal waves, the generation mechanism of deep-water sediment waves by internal waves has been studied on the basis of the hydrodynamics of internal-wave deposition. Several conditions have been generalized as follows: 1）Using submarine flows only to interpret the origin of sediment waves can’t meet the require of velocity and thickness of flow sediments to form large sediment waves. 2) Internal waves can induce bottom currents and form depositional bedforms of larger scale than those formed by surface waves. 3) Internal waves can build sediment waves of large scale. The origin of sinusoidal, asymmetric and climbing wavy units of sediment waves can be reasonably interpreted by internal waves alone. The sediment waves of sinusoidal wavy shape can be formed either by the progressive internal waves propagating along the interface which is relatively high above the seafloor or by standing internal waves. Sediment waves of asymmetric wavy shape can be formed either by the progressive internal waves propagating along the interfaces near the seafloor or internal solitary waves. When the internal wave-induced bottom currents increase further, the sediment waves of climbing wavy shape should be formed. 4) The progressive internal waves can build large sediment waves that migrate in the opposite direction of the propagating direction of the internal waves. The progressive internal waves propagating toward the deep-sea basins can build large sediment waves with the up-slope migrating direction. This is the reason why sediment waves well developed on the seafloor migrate mainly up-slope.

出版日期: 2002-02-01

作者简介: 张兴阳，男，1973年生，1999年毕业于江汉石油学院，获硕士学位，现为石油勘探开发研究院博士研究生，主要从事储层沉积学及海洋地质学方面的研究工作。

引用本文:

. 内波单独作用形成的深水沉积物波[J]. 古地理学报, 2002, 4(1): 83-89.

. DEEP-WATER SEDIMENT WAVES FORMED BY INTERNAL WAVES[J]. JOPC, 2002, 4(1): 83-89.

链接本文:

http://journal09.magtechjournal.com/gdlxb/CN/10.7605/gdlxb.2002.01.009 或 http://journal09.magtechjournal.com/gdlxb/CN/Y2002/V4/I1/83

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