Abstract：Natural gas hydrates have represented a huge resource potential as an alternative fossil fuel. It is the focus of the world that how to scientifically estimate,and safely and economically extract natural gas hydrates. Based on systematic analysis of the four development stages of global gas hydrate research and the author's research experience on natural gas hydrates in the South China Sea for nearly 20 years,multiple difficulties have been cleared including complicated tectonic and sedimentary setting,various depositional processes and types,and difficulty of characterization for the natural gas hydrates in the South China Sea. This paper points out six geological issues and bottlenecks faced by natural gas hydrate research in the South China Sea: Genetic correlation of the sequence divisions in the Neogene,thickness of the stable zone and the hydrate accumulation mechanism,hydrodynamic complex on the shelf margins and variable sedimentary systems,hydrate distribution and sedimentation response,controlling of structure movements to the gas hydrates,and hydrate accumulation model and identification evaluation system. Advantages and disadvantages of the current gas hydrate resource estimation process and the key theoretical and technical problems are also discussed in this study. From the geological points,possibility and prospect of the expected arrival of gas hydrate as an alternative energy source,as well as the geological characteristics of the South China Sea and the distribution law of natural gas hydrates have been answered. All above,this study clarifies that the natural gas hydration research is not unrealistically or mandatory pessimism.
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