Abstract：Shallow-water delta and beach-bar are not only the current research hotspots of sedimentology,but also the important sedimentary types of sand body for oil and gas exploration. The sedimentary environment controls the development and evolution of shallow-water delta and beach-bar. Based on the analysis of core,well,logging,spore-pollen fossils and trace elements,the types of sedimentary system and sedimentary environment of the Member 1 of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Lixian slope of the Raoyang sag,Jizhong Depression was studied integratedly. The results showed that: (1)Shallow-water delta and beach-bar deposits were mainly developed in the study area in the Member 1 of Shahejie Formation(Es1). The inner and outer shallow-water delta fronts predominated during the deposition of the bottom sandstone section of the lower sub-Member of Es1. Lake level rose and shallow-water delta retrograded,and beach-bar predominated during the deposition of the special lithologic section of the lower sub-Member of Es1. The lake level fell,and the delta that prograded to the center of lake. The main sedimentary body changed into the shallow-water delta during the deposition of the upper sub-Member of Es1. (2)The sedimentary evolution of shallow-water delta and beach-bar are controlled by sedimentary environment. During the deposition of the bottom sandstone section of the lower sub-Member of Es1,the study area was in a relatively arid subtropical climate,and the lake was in the relatively shallow oxidized and brackish setting,which was conducive for the development of the shallow-water delta. During the deposition of the special lithologic section of the lower sub-Member of Es1,large-scale lake transgression increased the lake level,while the provenance supply was limited in the study area. The lake changed into the reducing setting within the relatively humid climate and increased salinity,which was favorable for the formation of beach-bar. During the deposition of the upper sub-Member of Es1,the source supply was sufficient,and the study area was in the relatively humid subtropical climate. Meanwhile,the lake basin shrank,the lake level decreased. The relatively low salinity and oxidized fresh water setting was conductive for the deposition of the shallow-water delta.
Ye Lei,Zhu Xiao-Min,Zhang Rui-Feng et al. Sedimentary environment of shallow-water delta and beach-bar of the Member 1 of Shahejie Formation in Lixian slope of Raoyang sag,Jizhong Depression[J]. JOPC, 2020, 22(3): 587-600.
[1] 操应长,王健,刘惠民,贾光华,万念明. 2004. 东营凹陷南坡沙四上亚段滩坝砂体的沉积特征及模式. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 33(6): 5-10. [Cao Y C,Wang J,Liu H M,Jia G H,Wan N M.2004. Sedimentary characteristics and models of beach-bar sandbodies in the upper part of the fourth member of Paleogene in the south slope of Dongying Depression. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Sciences), 33(6): 5-10] [2] 陈贺贺,朱筱敏,黄捍东,施瑞生,罗亚能,崔刚. 2017. 基于碎屑锆石定年的饶阳凹陷蠡县斜坡沙河街组物源分析. 地球科学, 42(11): 109-125. [Chen H H,Zhu X M,Huang H D,Shi R S,Luo Y N,Cui G.2017. Sediment provenance of Shahejie Formation in Lixian Slope of Raoyang Depression based on the detrital Zircon dating analysis. Earth Science, 42(11): 109-125] [3] 杜庆祥,郭少斌,沈晓丽,曹中宏,张晓龙,李媛姝. 2016. 渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷南部古近系沙河街组一段古水体特征. 古地理学报, 18(2): 173-183. [Du Q X,Guo S B,Shen X L,Cao Z H,Zhang X L,Li Y S.2016. Palaeo-water characteristics of the Member 1 of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in southern Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 18(2): 173-183] [4] 付金华,李士祥,徐黎明,牛小兵. 2018. 鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组长7段古沉积环境恢复及意义. 石油勘探与开发, 45(6): 936-946. [Fu J H,Li S X,Xu L M,Niu X B.2018. Paleo-sedimentary environmental restoration and its significance of Chang 7 Member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin,NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 45(6): 936-946] [5] 龚绍礼. 1986. 河南禹县二叠世晚期浅水三角洲沉积和聚煤环境. 煤田地质与勘探, 14(6): 2-9. [Gong S L.1986. Shallow delta and coal environment of late early Permian in Yuxian,Henan. Coal Geology and Exploration, 14(6): 2-9] [6] 郭英海,刘焕杰,李壮福,何康林. 1995. 晋中北山西组浅水三角洲沉积特征及聚煤作用. 中国矿业大学学报, 24(1): 64-70. [Guo Y H,Liu H J,Li Z F,He K L.1995. Sedimentary characteristics and coal-accumulating process of shallow-water delta of Shanxi Formation in the middle-north district of Shanxi Province. Journal of University of Mining and Technology, 24(1): 64-70] [7] 姜在兴,王俊辉,张元福. 2015. 滩坝沉积研究进展综述. 古地理学报, 17(4): 427-440. [Jiang Z X,Wang J H,Zhang Y F.2015. Advances in beach-bar research: A review. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 17(4): 427-440] [8] 李守军,郑德顺,姜在兴,胡斌,王金香,焦叶红. 2005. 用介形类优势分异度恢复古湖盆的水深: 以山东东营凹陷古近系沙河街组沙三段湖盆为例. 古地理学报, 7(3): 399-404. [Li S J,Zheng D S,Jiang Z X,Hu B,Wang J X,Jiao Y H.2005. Water depth of paleo-lacustrine basin recovered by dominance diversity of Ostracoda: An example from sedimentary period of the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation of Paleogene in Dongying Sag,Shandong Province. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 7(3): 399-404] [9] 李振清,周洪瑞,陈建强. 2001. 山东淄博地区上寒武统沉积地球化学特征及其层序地层学意义. 现代地质, 15(4): 377-382. [Li Z Q,Zhou H R,Chen J Q.2001. Sedimentary geochemical characteristics and application of the Upper Cambrian in Zibo area,Shandong. Geoscience, 15(4): 377-382] [10] 马立祥,邓宏文,林会喜,冯兴雷,涂智杰. 2009. 济阳坳陷3种典型滩坝相的空间分布模式. 地质科技情报, 28(2): 66-71. [Ma L X,Deng H W,Lin H X,Feng X L,Tu Z J.2009. Three kinds of spatiotemporal models of typical beach and bar sedimentary facies in Jiyang Depression. Geological Science and Technology Information, 28(2): 66-71] [11] 聂逢君,姜美珠,吴河勇,刘文龙. 2002. 利用砂岩中波痕的特征估算沉积环境的物理参数: 以宣化地区长城系下部石英砂岩为例. 沉积学报, 20(2): 255-260. [Nie F J,Jiang M Z,Wu H Y,Liu W L.2002. Estimates of physical parameters in sedimentary environments by means of ancient ripple marks: Case of Changchengian quartz sandstones in Xuanhua area,northwest Hebei. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 20(2): 255-260] [12] 钱焕菊,陆现彩,张雪芬,张林晔,刘庆. 2009. 东营凹陷沙四段上部泥质烃源岩元素地球化学及其古盐度的空间差异性. 岩石矿物学杂志, 28(2): 161-168. [Qian H J,Lu X C,Zhang X F,Zhang L Y,Liu Q.2009. Spatial paleosalinity distribution and element geochemistry of argillaceous source rocks in the upper part of 4th Member of Tertiary Shahejie Formation in Dongying Sag. Acta Petrlogica et Mineralogica, 28(2): 161-168] [13] 宋春晖,王新民,师永民,晁吉俊,武安斌. 1999. 青海湖现代滨岸沉积微相及其特征. 沉积学报, 17(1): 51-57. [Song C H,Wang X M,Shi Y M,Chao J J,Wu A B.1999. Sedimentary characteristics and microfacies of shore zone in Qinghai Lake. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 17(1): 51-57] [14] 宋明水. 2005. 东营凹陷南斜坡沙四段沉积环境的地球化学特征. 矿物岩石, 25(1): 67-73. [Song M S.2005. Sedimentary environment geochemistry in the Shasi member of southern Ramp,Dongying Depression. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 25(1): 67-73] [15] 谭聪,袁选俊,于炳松,刘策,李雯,崔景伟. 2019. 鄂尔多斯盆地南缘上二叠统: 中下三叠统地球化学特征及其古气候、古环境指示意义. 现代地质, 33(3): 615-628. [Tan C,Yuan X J,Yu BS,Liu C,Li W,Cui J W.2019. Geochemical characteristics and paleoclimatic implications of the Upper Permian and Middle-Lower Triassic strata in southern Ordos basin. Geoscience, 33(3): 615-628] [16] 陶明华,王开发,郑国光,支崇远. 2001. 冀中拗陷早第三纪孢粉组合及地质时代讨论. 微体古生物学报, 18(3): 274-292. [Tao M H,Wang K F,Zheng G G,Zhi C Y.2001. Early Tertiary sporopollen assemblages from Jizhong Depression and their stratigraphic implication. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica, 18(3): 274-292] [17] 陶明华. 2005. 冀中地区古近纪孢粉组合特征及古气候演变. 见: 中国古生物学会孢粉学分会七届一次学术讨论会论文摘要集,12-13. [Tao M H. 2005. Paleogene palynological assemblages and paleoclimate evolution in Jizhong Region. In: Abstract Collection of Papers of the Seventh Session of a Symposium of Palynology Branch of Chinese Paleontological Society,12-13] [18] 王峰,刘玄春,邓秀芹,李元昊,田景春,李士祥,尤靖茜. 2017. 鄂尔多斯盆地纸坊组微量元素地球化学特征及沉积环境指示意义. 沉积学报, 35(6): 1265-1273. [Wang F,Liu X C,Deng X Q,Li Y H,Tian J C,Li S X,You J Q.2017. Geochemical characteristics and environmental implications of trace elements of Zhifang Formation in Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 35(6): 1265-1273] [19] 王益友,吴萍. 1983. 江浙海岸带沉积物的地球化学标志. 同济大学学报, 11(4): 82-90. [Wang Y Y,Wu P.1983. Geochemical markers of coastal sediments in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces. Journal of Tongji University, 11(4): 82-90] [20] 邬金华,张哲,王柏轩. 1998. 东营凹陷沙一段滩坝—潟湖沉积体系和层序发育的控制特点. 地球科学, 23(1): 21-25. [Wu J H,Zhang Z,Wang B X.1998. Barrier-lagoon sedimentary system and sequence development control of Shahejie Formation member 1 of Dongying Sag. Earth Science, 23(1): 21-25] [21] 熊小辉,肖加飞. 2011. 沉积环境的地球化学示踪. 地球与环境, 39(3): 405-414. [Xiong X H,Xiao J F.2011. Geochemical indicators of sedimentary environments: A summary. Earth and Environment, 39(3): 405-414] [22] 叶蕾,朱筱敏,秦祎,朱茂. 2018. 断陷湖盆浅水三角洲沉积体系. 地球科学与环境学报, 40(2): 186-202. [Ye L,Zhu X M,Qin Y,Zhu M.2018. Depositional system of shallow water delta in rifted lacustrine basin. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 40(2): 186-202] [23] 殷杰,王权,郝芳,郭柳汐,邹华耀. 2017. 渤海湾盆地饶阳凹陷沙一下亚段古湖泊环境与烃源岩发育模式. 地球科学, 42(7): 1209-1222. [Yin J,Wang Q,Hao F,Guo L X,Zou H Y.2017. Palaeolake environment and depositional model of source rocks of the lower submember of Shal in Raoyang sag,Bohai Bay Basin. Earth Science, 42(7): 1209-1222] [24] 曾洪流,赵贤正,朱筱敏,金凤鸣,董艳蕾,王余泉,朱茂,郑荣华. 2015. 隐性前积浅水曲流河三角洲地震沉积学特征: 以渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷肃宁地区为例. 石油勘探与开发, 42(5): 566-576. [Zeng H L,Zhao X Z,Zhu X M,Jin F M,Dong Y L,Wang Y Q,Zhu M,Zheng R H.2015. Seismic sedimentology characteristics of sub-clino formal shallow-water meandering river delta: A case from the Suning area of Raoyang sag in Jizhong depression,Bohai Bay Basin,NE China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 42(5): 566-576] [25] 张世奇,肖焕钦. 2003. 陆相断陷湖盆中层序边界的形成机理及其识别特征研究. 江汉石油学院学报,(1): 4-7. [Zhang S Q,Xiao H Q.2003. Formation mechanism and identification marks of sequence boundaries in Continental fault depression basin. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,(1): 4-7] [26] 张天福,孙立新,张云,程银行,李艳锋,马海林,鲁超,杨才,郭根万. 2016. 鄂尔多斯盆地北缘侏罗纪延安组、直罗组泥岩微量、稀土元素地球化学特征及其古沉积环境意义. 地质学报, 90(12): 3454-3472. [Zhang T F,Sun L X,Zhang Y,Cheng Y H,Li Y F,Ma H L,Lu C,Yang C,Guo G W.2016. Geochemical characteristics of the Jurassic Yan'an and Zhiluo Formations in the northern margin of Ordos basin and their paleoenvironmental implications. Acta Geologica Sinica, 90(12): 3454-3472] [27] 张以明,葛家旺,张锐锋,陈贺贺,谢世建,冯广业,孟婧. 2019. 冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷蠡县斜坡沙一下亚段地震沉积学. 地球科学与环境学报, 41(1): 54-68. [Zhang Y M,Ge J W,Zhang RF,Chen H H,Xie S J,Feng G Y,Meng J.2019. Seismic sedimentology of the Lower Part of the First Member of Shahejie Formation in Lixian Slope of Raoyang Sag,Jizhong Depression,China. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment, 41(1): 54-68] [28] 赵东娜,朱筱敏,董艳蕾,吴冬,朱茂. 2014. 地震沉积学在湖盆缓坡滩坝砂体预测中的应用: 以准噶尔盆地车排子地区下白垩统为例. 石油勘探与开发, 41(1): 55-61. [Zhao D N,Zhu X M,Dong Y L,Wu D,Zhu M.2014. Application of seismic sedimentology to prediction of beach and bar sandbodies in gentle slope of lacustrine basin: A case study of the Lower Cretaceous in Chepaizi area,Junggar basin,NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 41(1): 55-61] [29] 赵贤正,卢学军,崔周旗,侯凤香. 2012. 断陷盆地斜坡带精细层序地层研究与勘探成效. 地学前缘, 19(1): 10-19. [Zhao X Z,Lu X J,Cui Z Q,Hou F X.2012. Detailed research of fine sequence stratigraphy and exploration results in the slope zone of faulted basin. Earth Science Frontiers, 19(1): 10-19] [30] 郑荣才,柳梅青. 1999. 鄂尔多斯盆地长6油层组古盐度研究. 石油与天然气地质, 20(1): 20-25. [Zheng R C,Liu M Q.1999. Study on palaeosalinity of Chang-6 oil reservoir set in Ordos Basin. Oil & Gas Geology, 20(1): 20-25] [31] 朱茂,朱筱敏,曾洪流,董艳蕾,刘畅,郑荣华. 2017. 冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷浅水曲流河三角洲沉积体系: 以赵皇庄—肃宁地区沙一段为例. 岩性油气藏, 29(2): 59-67. [Zhu M,Zhu X M,Zeng H L,Dong Y L,Liu C,Zheng R H.2017. Depositional system of shallow-water meandering river delta: A case from the first member of Shahejie Formation in Zhaohuangzhuang-Suning area of Raoyang Sag,Jizhong Depression. Lithologic Reservoirs, 29(2): 59-67] [32] 朱筱敏,信荃麟,张晋仁. 1994. 断陷湖盆滩坝储集体称体特征及沉积模式. 沉积学报, 12(2): 20-27. [Zhu X M,Xin Q L,Zhang J R.1994. Sedimentary characteristics and models of the beach-bar reservoirs in faulted down lacustrine basins. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 12(2): 20-27] [33] 朱筱敏,张义娜,杨俊生,李德江,张年富. 2008. 准噶尔盆地侏罗系辫状河三角洲沉积特征. 石油与天然气地质, 29(2): 244-251. [Zhu X M,Zhang Y N,Yang J S,Li D J,Zhang N F.2008. Sedimentary characteristics of the shallow Jurassic braided river delta,the Junggar Basin. Oil & Gas Geology, 29(2): 244-251] [34] 朱筱敏,潘荣,赵东娜,刘芬,吴冬,李洋,王瑞. 2013. 湖盆浅水三角洲形成发育与实例分析. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 37(5): 7-14. [Zhu X M,Pan R,Zhao D N,Liu F,Wu D,Li Y,Wang R.2013. Formation and development of shallow-water deltas in lacustrine basin and typical case analyses. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 37(5): 7-14] [35] 邹才能,赵文智,张兴阳,罗平,王岚,刘柳红,薛叔浩,袁选俊,朱如凯,陶士振. 2008. 大型敞流坳陷湖盆浅水三角洲与湖盆中心砂体的形成与分布. 地质学报, 82(6): 813-825. [Zou C N,Zhao W Z,Zhang X Y,Luo P,Wang L,Liu L H,Xue S H,Yuan X J,Zhu R K,Tao S Z.2008. Formation and distribution of shallow-water deltas and central-basin sandbodies in large open depression lake basins. Acta Geologica Sinica, 82(6): 813-825] [36] Aagaard T.1990. Infra-gravity waves and nearshore bars in protected,storm-dominated coastal environments. Marine Geology, 94(3): 181-203. [37] Chen H H,Zhu X M,Lesli J W,Shi R S.2019a. Evolution of drainage,sediment-flux and fluvio-deltaic sedimentary systems response in hanging wall depocenters in evolving non-marine rift basins: Paleogene of Raoyang Sag,Bohai Bay basin,China. Basin Research, 32(1): 116-145. [38] Chen H H,Zhu X M,Shi R S,Zhang Z L.2019b. Seismic geomorphology of shoal-water deltaic and mixed carbonate-siliciclastic beach-bar systems in hanging wall of rift basins: Paleogene of the Raoyang Sag,Bohai Bay basin,China. Interpretation, 8(2): SF1-SF19. [39] Cornel O,Janok P B.2006. Terminal distributary channels and delta front architecture of river-dominated delta systems. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 76(2): 212-233. [40] Couch E L.1971. Calculation of paleosalinites from boron and clay mineral data. AAPG Bulletin, 55(10): 1829-1837. [41] Donaldson A C.1974. Pennsylvanian sedimentation of central Appalachians. Geological Society of America Special Paper,148(Complete): 47-78. [42] Fisk H N,Kolb C R,Mcfarlan E,Wilbert L J.1954. Sedimentary framework of the modern Mississippi delta. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 24(2): 76-99. [43] Houser C,Greenwood B.2005. Hydrodynamics and sediment transport within the inner surf zone of a lacustrine multiple-barred nearshore. Marine Geology, 218(1-4): 37-63. [44] Jones B,Manning D A C.1994. Comparison of geochemical indices used for the interpretation of palaeoredox conditions in ancient mudstones. Chemical Geology, 111(1-4): 111-129. [45] Lermanm A.1978. Lakes: Chemistry,Geology,Physics. Berlin: Springer-Verlag,79-83. [46] Postma G.1990. An analysis of the variation in delta architecture. Terra Nova, 2(2): 124-130. [47] Schwartz R K.2012. Bedform,texture,and long shore bar development in response to combined storm wave and current dynamics in a nearshore helical flow system. Journal of Coastal Research, 28(6): 1512-1535. [48] Walker C T,Price N B.1963. Departure curves for computing paleosalinity from boron in illites and shales. AAPG Bulletin, 47(5): 833-841. [49] Zhu X M,Li S L,Wu D,Zhu S F,Dong Y L,Zhao D N,Wang X L,Zhang Q.2017a. Sedimentary characteristics of shallow-water braided delta of the Jurassic,Junggar basin,Western China. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 149(2017): 591-602. [50] Zhu X M,Zeng H L,Li S L,Dong Y L,Zhu S F,Zhao D N,Huang W.2017b. Sedimentary characteristics and seismic geomorphologic responses of a shallow-water delta in the Qingshankou Formation from the Songliao basin,China. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 79(2017): 131-148.
