Abstract: Objective To observe the expression differences of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and tumor suppressor gene P16 between the two tumor samples of hepatocellular carcinoma which has been separated respectively by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)and surgical resection alone,and to study the effects of TACE on long-term prognosis of liver cancer.Methods The 65 paraffin embedded tissues blocks of hepatocellular carcinoma which have been pathologically confirmed were selected randomly.Among them,the 35 specimens were got by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE group),and the other 30 were separated by surgery without any treatment.The levels of VEGF and tumor suppressor gene P16 of the specimens were detected by immunohistochemical technique and comparative analysis.Results The expression of VEGF and P16 in TACE group was significantly higher than that of control group.Conclusion The high expression of VEGF of hepatocellular carcinoma after TACE may promote tumor recurrence and metastasis.However,the high expression of P16 may play a role in the inhibition of VEGF,thereby inhibiting tumor recurrence and metastasis,and there is no correlation between the expression of VEGF and P16.