Reconstruction and analysis of chronology of high temperature events in eastern China during Ming and Qing dynasties
Tao Le1, Su Yun1,2, Kang Yuan1
1 Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China; 2 Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster,Ministry of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
Abstract：The frequency of extreme warming events tends to increase under the background of climate change. The high temperature events in Ming and Qing dynasties were identified and their severity was graded based on the semantic difference method. The chronology of high temperature events between 1350 and 1910 in eastern China was established and their occurrence time and interdecadal characteristics was analyzed. The results show that high temperature events occurred in 41 years of Ming and Qing dynasties,and extreme high temperature events occurred in 36 years. The frequency and intensity of high temperature events present a certain change in phase,which corresponds to the change of temperature in the cold and warm period in the northern Hemisphere,especially China,and is in reverse variation trend with the frequency of extreme cold events. During two periods,i.e.,1700 to 1749 and 1800 to 1859,there were the highest frequency and intensity of extreme high temperature events in the Ming and Qing dynasties,corresponding to the warmer period of the middle Little Ice Age and the late Little Ice Age from 1710 to 1760 respectively. From the late 16th century to the 17th century,it was the coldest period in the Little Ice Age. The extreme high temperature events were relatively infrequent and extreme cold events occurred frequently. High temperature events may also lasted for many years or occured a year later. We also discussed the geographical scope the temperature events by the recording points of high temperature events that are measured by modern instrumentation data and the correlation analysis of sites. The case studies in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the North China Plain show that the single-point high temperature records in the study region may reflect a wide range of extreme high temperature events though there are limited records of historical period.
Tao Le,Su Yun,Kang Yuan. Reconstruction and analysis of chronology of high temperature events in eastern China during Ming and Qing dynasties[J]. JOPC, 2021, 23(2): 449-460.
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