Sedimentary and seismic responses characteristics of gravity flow sublacustrine fans in lacustrine rift basin: case study on the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Baxian sag,Bohai Bay Basin
ZHANG Zili1,2,3, LI Qi2, ZHU Xiaomin3, TAN Mingxuan4, ZHANG Ruifeng5, CAO Lanzhu5, LI Fengxun6, SHAN Shuaiqiang6
1 PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company Exploration and Development Research Institute, Chengdu 610051,China;; 2 School of Ocean Sciences, China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China; 3 College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China; 4 College of Oceanorgraphy,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China; 5 PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Company,Hebei Renqiu 062552,China; 6 Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Jiangsu Wuxi,214126,China
Abstract：Abundant sublacustrine fan(SLF)gravity flow deposits are developed in various tectonic evolution stages of lacustrine rift basins. Through 3D seismic fine interpretation combined with drilling/logging analysis,the genetic type and distribution of gravity flow fans in lacustrine rift basins are discussed and the depositional models are summarized for the Shahejie Formation of the Baxian Sag,Bohai Bay Basin. The research shows that three genetic types include slumping-,flood-,and storm-induced gravity flow SLF are developed in the Paleogene Shahejie Formation,and can be further divided into five specific types. Based on the sediment source of gravity flow SLF,bottom structures of the sag on the sediment transport path,and plane distribution characteristics between them,it can be divided into three plane combination types: provenance area-fault steep slope zone-SLF,(progradational)delta-slope break zone-SLF,underwater low bulge(beach bar)-SLF. Four depositional models are established including storm gravity flow SLF in the initial rift period,flood SLF in the strong rift period,flood SLF in the stable rift period,and slump SLF in the post rift return period. The study shows that gravity flow SLF deposits of different genetic types are developed in each tectonic evolution stage of lacustrine rift basin. The triggering mechanism of gravity flow SLF is mainly related to delta instability in slope area,paroxysmal flood and lake wave action. The architecture and distribution of gravity flow SLF are controlled by fault activity and bottom structures of the sag,and its size is mainly controlled by triggering mechanism. The gravity flow SLF wrapped by dark mudstone and oil shale formed in deep and semideep lake has good source reservoir cap rock configuration and oil/gas accumulation conditions,which is a sweet spot for oil and gas exploration. Seismic slice analysis based on well data can effectively guide the exploration of thin sandstone sheets.
ZHANG Zili,LI Qi,ZHU Xiaomin et al. Sedimentary and seismic responses characteristics of gravity flow sublacustrine fans in lacustrine rift basin: case study on the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Baxian sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(5): 1049-1068.
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