A review about research history, situation and prospects of hydrothermal sedimentation
Zhong Dakang1, Jiang Zhenchang1, Guo Qiang2, Sun Haitao1
1 State Key Laboratory for Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249 2 CNNC Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,Beijing 100029
Abstract：Hydrothermal sedimentation has been studied for over 70 years since being discovered,and its related terminology has been preliminarily unified. It has been classified into the white smoker and the black smoker according to the mineral forming temperature and color,as well as some depositional models. The former deposits light-colored minerals such as silicates and sulfates under lower temperatures(100-320℃),while the latter deposits dark-colored minerals such as sulfides and oxides under relatively higher temperatures(320-400℃). There are some differences in temperature and physics-chemistry between terrestrial and marine hot fluids. The terrestrial thermal fluids are with lower and more various temperatures,higher and relatively fixed pH values,similar Na+K ionic concentrations,and higher and more various Ca and Cl ionic concentrations as to the marine thermal fluids. Some hydrothermal sedimentation models have been set up,such as seafloor thermal fluids convection,compaction brine convection,mixed magma thermal fluid from mid-oceanic ridge-sea water convection,and overflowing-spraying-overflowing. However,due to the specificity and limitation of the hydrothermal sedimentation and its product distribution,the research is not enough. The discussion about the chemical and thermodynamics process of hydrothermal sedimentation is deficient. The origin,source,differentiation of thermal fluids,and the depositional mechanism are not very clear. All of these above should be further studied.
Zhong Dakang,Jiang Zhenchang,Guo Qiang et al. A review about research history, situation and prospects of hydrothermal sedimentation[J]. JOPC, 2015, 17(3): 285-296.
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