From water body to sediments: Exploring the depositional processes of organic matter and their implications
Cai Jin-Gong1, Zeng Xiang1, Wei Hai-Lun1, Song Ming-Shui2, Wang Xue-Jun2, Liu Qing2
1 State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092, China; 2 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company,Dongying 257015,China
Abstract：Organic matter of various types and different properties is widely distributed in nature,and it plays an important role in both water body and sediments. Therefore,exploring its accumulation and depositional processes is significant for better understanding the sedimentation characteristics and evolution laws of organic matter. Organisms produce abundant organic matter during the process of growth,including the bodies,remains,excreta of organisms and molecular scale of their secretion. The properties of different types of organic matters vary greatly. Organic matter can be divided into particulate organic matter(POM)and dissolved organic matter(DOM)according to the size,and DOM can be further divided into colloidal organic matter(COM)and true DOM. From the point view of aggregation form,there are marine snow and suspension matter. Further analysis shows that morphology of organic matter includes organisms' body,biological residues,excreta and organic matter aggregates in water body,and various types of organic matter can co-exist with inorganic minerals in different forms. In addition,DOM and POM can transform mutually in appropriate conditions. These properties and characteristics bridge the accumulation and deposition of different types of organic matter. It is also found that different types of organic matter,such as organisms,biological residues and amorphous organic matter,are often associated with specific inorganic minerals,such as amorphous mostly concentrated at clay particles,whereas organisms and biological residues mostly concentrate in coarse ones. Further study reveals that the organic matter of sediments is similar to that of water body or organism. The variation of different kinds of organic matter reflects that they deposited via different processes. The mechanically deposited organic matter is mainly composed of inert phytoclasts,the chemically deposited organic matter is mainly composed of amorphous organic matter,and the biologically deposited organic matter is mainly composed of microorganisms and adherents. Both the differences in organic matter deposition and organic matter characteristics and the mineral-organic matter and storage conditions determine the evolutionary fate of organic matter,which has an important impact on organic hydrocarbon generation and carbon cycle,and thus should be highly concerned.
Cai Jin-Gong,Zeng Xiang,Wei Hai-Lun et al. From water body to sediments: Exploring the depositional processes of organic matter and their implications[J]. JOPC, 2019, 21(1): 49-66.
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