Abstract：The exploration of oil and gas resources in the middle-shallow strata of the Bohai Bay Basin has entered medium-high maturity stage. The Upper Paleozoic have become an important target for exploring and discovering potential oil and gas resources. The study of stratigraphy,sedimentary facies and evolution of the Upper Paleozoic strata has a certain guiding significance for oil and gas exploration. In this study,guided by the theory of sedimentology,the Upper Paleozoic outcrop profile of Shimenzhai in Qinhuangdao was investigated in detail. The lithological characteristics,stratigraphic succession and sedimentary facies types were identified and the sedimentary evolution process was clarified. The results revealed that the Upper Paleozoic strata in Shimenzhai of Qinhuangdao consisted of Benxi Formation,Taiyuan Formation,Shanxi Formation,Xiashihezi Formation,Shangshihezi Formation and Shiqianfeng Formation from bottom to top. Six types of sedimentary facies,including tidal flat,lagoon,barrier island,platform,shallow water delta and fluvial facies were identified. Tidal flat,lagoon,barrier island and platform facies developed in the Benxi-Taiyuan Formations. Shallow water delta facies developed in the Shanxi Formation, whereas fluvial facies developed in the Xiashihezi,Shangshihezi and Shiqianfeng Formations. The Upper Paleozoic strata of the study area underwent a sedimentary evolution process from marine facies,marine-continental transitional facies to continental facies.
Yan Ji-Hua,Chang Jia,Chen Shi-Yue et al. Sedimentary characteristics and evolution of the Upper Paleozoic strata in Qinhuangdao area[J]. JOPC, 2019, 21(5): 743-756.
[1] 曹忠祥,刘华,王玉林. 2002. 济阳坳陷石炭二叠系沉积与层序地层分析. 山东科技大学学报(自然科学版), 21(2): 68-78. [Cao Z X,Liu H,Wang Y L.2002. Sedimentation and Stratigraphic Sequence Analysis of Permo-carboniferous System in Jiyang Depression. Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science), 21(2): 68-78] [2] 陈东锐,廖大卫,董鑫媛,马施民,邵龙义. 2016. 太原西山地区石炭—二叠纪沉积环境演化. 北京工业职业技术学院学报, 15(3): 24-30. [Chen D R,Liao D W,Dong X Y,Ma S M,Shao L Y.2016. Sedimentary environmental evolution of Carboniferous-Permian in Taiyuan Xishan. Journal of Beijing Polytechnic College, 15(3): 24-30] [3] 陈钟惠. 1993. 华北晚古生代含煤岩系的沉积环境和聚煤规律. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社,1-153. [Chen Z H.1993. The Depositional Environments and Coal-accumulating Regularities of Late Paleozoic Coal-bearing Measures in North China. Wuhan: Press of China University of Geosciences,1-153] [4] 郭熙年. 1991. 河南省晚古生代聚煤规律. 武汉: 中国地质大学出版社,1-314. [Guo X N.1991. Late Paleozoic Coal Accumulation in Henan Province. Wuhan: Press of China University of Geosciences,1-314] [5] 郭元岭,杜振京,方旭庆,侯飞,董维武. 2017. 成熟探区勘探综合分析方法探讨: 以济阳坳陷为例. 石油实验地质, 39(2): 267-271. [Guo Y L,Du Z J,Fang X Q,Hou F,Dong W W.2017. Comprehensive analysis methods in a mature exploration area: Jiyang Depression case study. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 39(2): 267-271] [6] 韩作振,宋志刚,高丽华,郭志平,刘固耀,钟文建. 2014. 华北板块北缘东段古生代沉积特征及盆地演化研究进展. 山东科技大学学报(自然科学版), 33(2): 1-10. [Han Z Z,Song Z G,Gao L H,Guo Z P,Liu G Y,Zhong W J.2014. Advances of sedimentary characteristics and basin evolution of paleozoic in the north eastern margin of the North China Block. Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Edition of Natural Science), 33(2): 1-10] [7] 何海清,王兆云,程玉群. 1999. 渤海湾盆地深层石油地质条件分析. 沉积学报, 17(2): 273-279. [He H Q,Wang Z Y,Cheng Y Q.1999. Petroleum geology condition analysis to the deep zone of Bohai Gulf Basin. Acta Sedimentologca Sinica, 17(2): 273-279] [8] 何志平,邵龙义,刘永福,罗文林,张鹏飞. 2005. 河北南部石炭—二叠纪古气候演化特征. 沉积学报, 23(3): 454-460. [He Z P,Shao L Y,Liu Y F,Luo W L,Zhang P F.2005. Evolution of the Paleoclimates during Permo-Carboniferous in the Southern Hebei. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 23(3): 454-460] [9] 侯中帅,陈世悦,鄢继华,付立新,李宏军,冯建园. 2017. 大港探区上古生界沉积特征与控制因素. 地球科学, 42(11): 2055-2068. [Hou Z S,Chen S Y,Yan J H,Fu L X,Li H J,Feng J Y.2017. Sedimentary characteristics and control factors of Upper Paleozoic in Dagang Exploration Area. Earth Science, 42(11): 2055-2068] [10] 侯中帅,陈世悦,郭宇鑫,王志金,赫庆庆,崔绮梦. 2018a. 华北中南部淄博博山地区上古生界沉积相与沉积演化特征. 沉积学报, 36(4): 731-742. [Hou Z S,Chen S Y,Guo Y X,Wang Z J,He Q Q,Cui Q M.2018a. Sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution characteristics of Upper Paleozoic in Zibo Boshan Area,Middle and Southern Areas of North China. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 36(4): 731-742] [11] 侯中帅,陈世悦,王越,李天宝,赫庆庆,崔绮梦. 2018b. 鄂尔多斯盆地东缘保德地区上古生界层序地层与沉积相特征. 古地理学报, 20(2): 231-243. [Hou Z S,Chen S Y,Wang Y,Li T B,He Q Q,Cui Q M.2018b. Characteristics of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary facies of the Upper Paleozoic in Baode area,eastern margin of Ordos Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 20(2): 231-243] [12] 胡斌,张璐,刘顺喜,宋慧波,史来亮,胡磊. 2012. 河南省中二叠世山西期古地理特征. 古地理学报, 14(4): 411-422. [Hu B,Zhang L,Liu S X,Song H B,Shi L L,Hu L.2012. Palaeogeographic characteristics of the Middle Permian Shanxi Age in Henan Province. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 14(4): 411-422] [13] 贾炳文,王平泽. 1992. 晋中含煤盆地太原组上部菱铁矿结核层的岩矿地化特征及成因. 山西矿业学院学报, 10(3): 196-201. [Jia B W,Wang P Z.1992. The petrologic-mineralogic-geochemic features and origin of sideritic concretion layers on the top of Taiyuan Formation in coal-bearing basin of the Middle of Shanxi. Shanxi Mining Institute Learned Journal, 10(3): 196-201] [14] 金强,宋国奇,梁宏斌,程付启,王力. 2009. 渤海湾盆地源于石炭系—二叠系的煤成气成因特征和潜力分析. 地质学报, 83(6): 861-867. [Jin Q,Song G Q,Liang H B,Cheng F Q,Wang L.2009. Characteristics of Carboniferous-Permian coal-derived gas in the Bohai Bay Basin and their implication to exploration potential. Acta Geology Sinica, 83(6): 861-867] [15] 李欣,李建忠,杨涛,闫伟鹏,郭彬程,吕维宁,陈晓明. 2013. 渤海湾盆地油气勘探现状与勘探方向. 新疆石油地质, 34(2): 140-144. [Li X,Li J Z,Yang T,Yan W P,Guo B C,Lü W N,Chen X M.2013. Oil-gas exploration status and future targets in Bohai Bay Basin. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 34(2): 140-144] [16] 吕大炜,赵洪刚,李增学,刘海燕,王平丽,赵学升,满毅,宁文峰. 2012. 渤海湾盆地临清坳陷晚古生代古地理特征. 古地理学报, 14(4): 437-450. [Lü D W,Zhao H G,Li Z X,Liu H Y,Wang P L,Zhao X S,Man Y,Ning W F.2012. Palaeogeographic characteristics of the Late Paleozoic in Linqing Depression,Bohai Bay Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 14(4): 437-450] [17] 吕大炜,李增学,王东东,刘海燕,贾强,王平丽,于得明,吴晓燕. 2015. 华北晚古生代陆表海盆地海侵事件微观沉积特征及成煤探讨. 沉积学报, 33(4): 633-640. [Lü D W,Li Z X,Wang D D,Liu H Y,Jia Q,Wang P L,Yu D M,Wu X Y.2015. Discussion on micro-characteristics of transgressive event deposition and its coal-forming mechanism in the Late Paleozoic epicontinental sea basin of North China. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 33(4): 633-640] [18] 刘长江,蒋维平,桑树勋,林会喜,陈世悦,朱炎铭,黄华州. 2007. 渤海湾盆地石炭-二叠系烃源岩的沉积控制. 中国煤田地质, 19(1): 4-8. [Liu C J,Jiang W P,Sang S X,Lin H X,Chen S Y,Zhu Y M,Huang H Z.2007. Depositional controlling of Permo-Carboniferous source rocks in Bohaiwan Basin. Coal Geology of China, 19(1): 4-8] [19] 刘长江,桑树勋,陈世悦,张守鹏,黄华州. 2008. 渤海湾盆地石炭—二叠纪沉积作用与储层形成. 天然气工业, 28(4): 22-25. [Liu C J,Sang S X,Chen S Y,Zhang S P,Huang H Z.2008. Carboniferous-Permian sedimentation and reservoir formation in Bohai Bay Basin. Natural Gas Industry, 28(4): 22-25] [20] 刘为. 2007. 大港油田中南部上古生界沉积相分析. 长江大学硕士论文,1-54. [Liu W.2007. The analysis of sedimentary facies of South Dagang Oilfield of the Upper Paleozoic in Huanghua Depression. Master’s Dissertation of Yangtze University,1-54] [21] 马收先,李增学,吕大炜. 2010. 南华北石炭—二叠系陆表海层序古地理演化. 沉积学报, 28(3): 497-508. [Ma S X,Li Z X,Lü D W.2010. Sequence paleogeographical evolution of epicontinental deposit of Permo-Carboniferous in southern North China. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 28(3): 497-508] [22] 孟祥化,葛铭. 2004. 中朝板块层序·事件·演化: 天文周期的沉积响应和意义. 北京: 科学出版社,1-516. [Meng X H,Ge M.2004. Sequence,Events and Evolution of the Sino-Korean Plate: Study on Astronomic Cyclic Responses in Sedimentation and their Significance. Beijing: Science Press,1-516] [23] 庞军刚,吴少波,郭艳琴,王桂成,李文厚. 2007. 鄂尔多斯盆地东部子洲地区上古生界海相沉积特征研究. 西安石油大学学报(自然科学版), 22(6): 24-31. [Pang J G,Wu S B,Guo Y Q,Wang G C,Li W H.2007. Characteristics of the Upper Paleozoic marine depositional system in Zizhou area of the eastern Ordos Basin. Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University(National Science Edition), 22(6): 24-31] [24] 宋洪柱. 2008. 环渤海湾地区石炭—二叠纪关键成煤期岩相古地理恢复. 山东科技大学硕士论文,1-74. [Song H Z.2008. The key coal-forming period lithofacies and paleogeography recoering of the Carboniferous-Permian around Bohai Gulf Area. Master’s Dissertation of College of Geological Science and Engineering,1-74] [25] 王越,陈世悦,梁绘媛,王剑,李天宝. 2016. 鄂尔多斯盆地保德地区上古生界沉积相与沉积演化特征. 沉积学报, 34(4): 775-784. [Wang Y,Chen S Y,Liang H Y,Wang J,Li T B.2016. Sedimentary facies and their evolution in the Upper Paleozoic of Baode Area,Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 34(4): 775-784] [26] 吴孔友,冀国盛. 2007.秦皇岛地区地质认识实习指导书. 青岛: 中国石油大学出版社,1-64. [Wu K Y,Ji G S.2007. Guidelines for Geological Cognition Practice in Qinhuangdao Area. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum Press,1-64] [27] 杨起. 1987. 河南禹县晚古生代煤系沉积环境与聚煤特征. 北京: 地质出版社,1-186. [Yang Q.1987. Sedimentary Environment and Coal Accumulation Characteristics of Late Paleozoic Coal Series in Yuxian,Henan. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,1-186] [28] 杨勇,桑树勋,陈世悦,朱炎铭,苗耀. 2007. 渤海湾盆地石炭二叠系盖层及其沉积控制. 中国煤田地质, 19(6): 9-13. [Yang Y,Sang S X,Chen S Y,Zhu Y M,Miao Y.2007. Bohai Bay Basin Permo-Carboniferous source rocks and depositional controlling. Coal Geology of China, 19(6): 9-13] [29] 张关龙,陈世悦,王海方,张鹏飞. 2009. 济阳坳陷石炭—二叠系沉积特征及岩相古地理演化. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 33(3): 11-17. [Zhang G L,Chen S Y,Wang H F,Zhang P F.2009. Sedimentary characteristics and lithofacies paleogeography evolution of Pero-Carboniferous system in Jiyang depression. Joumal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 33(3): 11-17] [30] 张林晔,李政,孔样星,徐兴友,刘庆,刘会平,王茹. 2014. 成熟探区油气资源评价方法研究: 以渤海湾盆地牛庄洼陷为例. 天然气地球科学, 25(4): 477-489. [Zhang L Y,Li Z,Kong X X,Xu X Y,Liu Q,Liu H P,Wang R.2014. Study on evaluation method of petroleum resources in mature exploration area: Taking Niuzhuang Sag of Bohaiwan Basin as an example. Natural Gas Geoscience, 25(4): 477-489] [31] 张鹏飞,陈世悦,张关龙. 2007. 博山地区上石盒子组露头砂岩沉积成岩特征. 油气地质与采收率, 14(6): 17-22. [Zhang P F,Chen S Y,Zhang G L.2007. Sedimentary and diagenetic characteristics of outcrop sandstone of Upper Shihezi Formation in Boshan Area. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 14(6): 17-22] [32] 张鹏飞,陈世悦,张关龙. 2008. 临清探区石炭二叠系沉积演化特征. 中国矿业大学学报, 37(2): 270-275. [Zhang P F,Chen S Y,Zhang G L.2008. Characteristics of sedimentary evolution of the Perno-Carboniferous system in Linqing prospect area. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 37(2): 270-275] [33] 朱筱敏. 2008.沉积岩石学. 北京: 石油工业出版社,1-484. [Zhu X M.2008. Sedimentary Petrology. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,1-484]
