光合作用微生物席主导的寒武系苗岭统崮山组均一石:以山东省泗水县圣水峪剖面为例<sup>*</sup>

doi:10.7605/gdlxb.2021.02.022

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Abstract

Microbialites have been defined as the organosedimentary deposits that have accreted as a result of a benthic microbial community trapping and binding sediment and/or forming the locus of mineral precipitation or teemed as the benthic microbial deposits. Microbial carbonates are understood as the calcified microbialite as well as the geological record of calcified bacterial-algal mats and biofilms or the most spectacular example of the MISSs(microbially-induced sedimentary structures). On the basis of the meso-structures,microbialites can be subdivided into four types,inlcuding stromatolites,thrombolites,leiolites and dendrolites. Leiolites were named relatively late and characterized by relatively structureless,aphanitic,mesostructures,lacking lamination or clotted structures. No examples of modern leiolite have been published and only few examples have been described or discerned in stratigraphic records since it was firstly named,which led to difficulties in the study of leiolites. Leiolites from the Miaolingian Gushan Formation at the Shengshuiyu section in Sishui,Shandong Province,are predominated by massive micrite and expressed as a biostromal microbial reef. They,together with the ribbon-like marls and micrite,make up the subtidal carbonate cycle belonging to the relatively deep-water deposits. Thus,a sedimentary succession of this type of subitidal carbonate cycles constitutes a forced regressive system tract of a third-order sequence of the Miaolingian Formation at the Shengshuiyu section,which represents a typical record of the falling stage of a third-order relative sea-level change. Within dense and massive micrite of the leiolites,a common and uneven high-density preservation of Girvanella is marked by densely tangled masses of fairly thin-walled,unbranched filaments or tubes,which indicates that these leiolites possibly resulted from the sophisticated calcification of cyanobacterial mats. In addition,a particular micro-fabric is marked by the microspar tubes of filaments within dense and dark micrites and makes up an irregular-shaped and mm-to cm-long clump. This micro-fabric is similar to the Lithocodium,described as the Lithocodium-like fabric,which can be regarded as colonies of calcified cyanobacteria. Importantly and interestingly,this micro-fabric was interpreted as the sponges including spicula sponges or non-spicula sponges in studies of microbial carbonates in recent years,which resulted in a highly different cognition. According to its fundamental feature,i.e. the microspar filaments or tubes within the dense and dark micrite,I deduced that it could be the residue of calcified Nostoc colonies with common sheathes. The microspar filaments or tubes might represent the calcified residues of filaments or tubes;the dark and dense micrite might have been formed by calcification of sheathes. This interpretation is further supported by its intergrowth with Girvanella. Leiolites predominating the biostromal microbial reefs of the Miaolingian Gushan Formation at the Shengshuiyu section not only provide an example of the Cambrian leiolites but also provide insights into the cyanobacterial calcification without the help of CCM mechanism and the sophisticated calcification of multiple cyanobacterial mats predominated by both the Girvanella and the residue of the Nostoc colonies. This study broadens further understanding of a particular calcification of cyanobacteria and a cyanobacterial blooms that are paralleled with the metazoan exploration in typical calcite sea during the Cambrian under a high atmosphere CO₂ and O₂.

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	Mei Ming-Xiang

Key words： leiolite photosynthetic mat Ushan Formation Miaolingian Cambrian Shengshuiyu section Shandong Province North-China Platform

Received: 20 May 2020

ZTFLH:

P534

Fund:

Financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41472090,40472065,49802012)

About author: Mei Ming-Xiang,born in 1965, graduated from China University of Geosciences(Beijing) in 1993 with his Ph.D. degree. Now he is a professor at School of Earth Sciences and Resource,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),and is engaged in sedimentology and stratigraphy. E-mail: meimingxiang@263.net.

Cite this article:

Mei Ming-Xiang. Leiolites predominated by photosynthetic microbial mats of the Miaolingian Gushan Formation: an example from the Shengshuiyu section in Sishui County of Shandong Province, North China Platform[J]. JOPC, 2021, 23(2): 335-358.

URL:

http://journal09.magtechjournal.com/gdlxb/EN/10.7605/gdlxb.2021.02.022 OR http://journal09.magtechjournal.com/gdlxb/EN/Y2021/V23/I2/335

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