Sequence stratigyaphy and lithofacies palaeogeography evolution of the Upper Paleozoic in central-southern Ordos Basin
LI Keyong1, YANG Wenpeng1, XU Shuaikang1, LI Wenhou2
1 School of Geology and Environment/Periodical Center,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China; 2 Department of Geology/State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,China
Abstract In order to classify the stratigraphic sequence characteristics and lithofacies palaeogeography evolution of the Upper Paleozoic in the central-southern Ordos Basin,the development and variation characteristics of lithology,paleostructure and transgression direction of sequence boundary and system tract interface were analyzed by using field outcrops and drilling logging facies in the basin. The characteristics of sequence development and lithofacies palaeogeography evolution were summarized. The results showed that the regional unconformity surface and transgressive direction conversion surface of different weathering sequences were the second-order sequence boundary,and the regional regression surface, scouring surface and subaerial exposure surface are the third-order sequence boundary. The sand flat of intertidal zone and the top of coastal transgression gravelly sandstone were transgression surfaces,and the typical lithology of the maximum transgressive surface were limestone,shale and coal seam,which were the interface between transgressive systems tract and highstand systems tract. The Upper Paleozoic includes two second-order sequences MSQ1 and MSQ2,and six third-order sequences SQ1,SQ2,SQ3,SQ4,SQ5 and SQ6. Among them,SQ1-SQ2 did not develop lowstand systems tract,but only develop transgressive systems tract and highstand systems tract,and SQ3-SQ6 developed complete lowstand-transgression-highstand systems tract;The lagoon-barrier coastal sedimentary system developed in SQ1,the tidal flat sedimentary system developed in SQ2 and the transitional delta sedimentary system developed in SQ3. In the early stage of SQ4,the downcutting sand body developed in the lowstand systems tract. In the late stage of SQ4,the sedimentary environment evolved from warm and humid reduction to hot and dry oxidation environment. In the early and middle stages of SQ5-SQ6,the delta front developed in the oxidation environment,and in the late stage of SQ6,the tidal flat developed in the highstand systems tract with transgression interlayer. The investigation provides a theoretical basis for the study of sequence and lithofacies paleogeographic evolution in the Ordos Basin as well as in other basins.
Fund:Financially supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(No. 2017ZX05005002-004)
About author: LI Keyong,born in 1970,is a Ph.D. and postgraduate tutor in Xi'an University of Science and Technology. He is mainly engaged in sedimentology and petroleum geology. E-mail: likeyong@xust.edu.cn.
Cite this article:
LI Keyong,YANG Wenpeng,XU Shuaikang et al. Sequence stratigyaphy and lithofacies palaeogeography evolution of the Upper Paleozoic in central-southern Ordos Basin[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(1): 75-92.
LI Keyong,YANG Wenpeng,XU Shuaikang et al. Sequence stratigyaphy and lithofacies palaeogeography evolution of the Upper Paleozoic in central-southern Ordos Basin[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(1): 75-92.
[1] 常嘉,陈世悦,王琼,蒲秀刚,杨怀宇. 2021. 陆表海背景下障壁海岸体系沉积层序及聚煤模式; 以渤海湾地区晚古生代太原组为例. 煤田地质与勘探, 49(4): 123-133. [Chang J,Chen S Y,Wang Q,Pu X G,Yang H Y. 2021. Sequence stratigraphy and coal accumulation of barrier coastal system under epi-continental-sea environment: a case study of the Late Paleozoic Taiyuan Formation in Bohai Bay Area. Coal Geology & Exploration, 49(4): 123-133] [2] 常嘉,陈世悦,鄢继华. 2019. 淄博博山地区晚古生代煤系层序地层与聚煤作用. 沉积学报, 37(5): 968-980. [Chang J,Chen S Y,Yan J H. 2019. Sequence stratigraphy and coal accumulation in Late Paleozoic Coal-bearing strata in Zibo Boshan area. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 37(5): 968-980] [3] 陈全红,李文厚,姜培海,胡孝林,强芳青,崔军平,高永祥. 2007. 鄂尔多斯盆地西南部上古生界油气成藏条件分析. 石油实验地质, 29(6): 554-559. [Chen Q H,Li W H,Jiang P H,Hu X L,Qiang F Q,Cui J P,Gao Y X. 2007. The analysis of hydrocarbon accumulation condition of Upper Paleozoic of the Southwest Ordos Basin. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 29(6): 554-559] [4] 陈世悦. 2000. 华北石炭二叠纪海平面变化对聚煤作用的控制. 煤田地质与勘探, 28(5): 8-11. [Chen S Y. 2000. Control of sea-level change to coal accumulation in Carboniferous-Permian,North China. Coal Geology & Exlporation, 28(5): 8-11] [5] 程政武,曲立范,侯静鹏,李佩贤. 1983. 陕西岐山产Eumorphotis的“石千峰组”地层问题. 地层学杂志, 7(3): 161-168,245. [Cheng Z W, Qu L F, Hou J P, Li P X. 1983. The “Shiqianfeng Formation” stratigraphic problem of Eumorphotis in Qishan,Shaanxi Province. Journal of Stratigraphy, 7(3): 161-168,245] [6] 方石,刘招君,董清水,刘立,蔡尧忠. 2000. 河流相层序地层学研究. 世界地质,(2): 132-137. [Fang S,Liu Z J,Dong Q S,Liu L,Cai Y Z. 2000. Fluvial facies sequence stratigraphy discuss. World Geology,(2): 132-137] [7] 郭英海,刘焕杰,权彪,汪泽成,钱凯. 1998. 鄂尔多斯地区晚古生代沉积体系及古地理演化. 沉积学报,(3): 44-51. [Guo Y H,Liu H J,Quan B,Wang Z C,Qian K. 1998. Late Paleozoic sedimentary system and paleogeogpaphic evolution of Ordos Area. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,(3): 44-51] [8] 侯云东,陈安清,赵伟波,董国栋,杨帅,徐胜林,高志东,李富祥,刘新昕,张晓星. 2018. 鄂尔多斯盆地本溪组潮汐—三角洲复合砂体沉积环境. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 45(4): 393-401. [Hou Y D,Chen A Q,Zhao W B,Dong G D,Yang S,Xu L S,Gao Z D,Li F X,Liu X X,Zhang X X. 2018. Analysis on the depositional environment of Carboniferous Benxi Formation tidal-delta sand body complex,Ordos Basin,China. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition), 45(4): 393-401] [9] 侯中帅,陈世悦,郭宇鑫,王志金,赫庆庆,崔绮梦. 2018b. 华北中南部博山地区上古生界沉积相与沉积演化特征. 沉积学报, 36(4): 731-742. [Hou Z S,Chen S Y,Guo Y X,Wang Z J,He Q Q,Cui Q M. 2018b. Sedimentary facies and their evolution characteristics of Upper Paleozoic in Zibo Boshan area,central and southern region of North China. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 36(4): 731-742] [10] 侯中帅,陈世悦,王越,李天宝,赫庆庆,崔绮梦. 2018a. 鄂尔多斯盆地东缘保德地区上古生界层序地层与沉积相特征. 古地理学报, 20(2): 231-243. [Hou Z S,Chen S Y,Wang Y,Li T B,He Q Q,Cui Q M. 2018a. Characteristics of sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary facies of the Upper Paleozoic in Baode area,eastern margin of Ordos Basin. Journal of Palacogeography(Chinese Edition), 20(2): 231-243] [11] 纪友亮,周勇. 2020. 层序地层学. 北京: 中国石化出版社. [Ji Y L,Zhou Y. 2020. Sequence Stratigraphy. Beijing: China Petrochemical Press] [12] 金振奎,王金艺,梁婷,朱小二. 2021. 沉积地质学. 北京: 石油工业出版社. [Jin Z K,Wang J Y,Liang T,Zhu X E. 2021. Sedimentary Geology. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press] [13] 李克永,李文厚,宇振昆,梁积伟. 2020. 鄂尔多斯盆地二叠系盒8期源-汇系统时空耦合控砂机制. 西北大学学报(自然科学版), 50(2): 183-192. [Li K Y,Li W H,Yu Z K,Liang J W. 2020. Spatial-temporal coupling sand control mechanism of permian source-to-sink system in Ordos Basin. Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition), 50(2): 183-192] [14] 李文厚,屈红军,魏红红,陈全红,刘锐娥,赵虹. 2003. 内蒙古苏里格庙地区晚古生代层序地层学研究. 地层学杂志, 27(1): 41-44,76. [Li W H,Qu H J,Wei H H,Chen Q H,Liu R E,Zhao H. 2003. Sequence stratigraphy of Late Paleozoic in Suligemiao area,Inner Mongolia. Journal of Stratigraphy, 27(1): 41-44,76] [15] 李文厚,张倩,李克永,陈强,郭艳琴,马瑶,冯娟萍,张道锋. 2021. 鄂尔多斯盆地及周缘地区晚古生代沉积演化. 古地理学报, 23(1): 39-52. [Li W H,Zhang Q,Li K Y,Chen Q,Guo Y Q,Ma Y,Feng J P,Zhang D F. 2021. Sedimentary evolution of the Late Paleozoic in Ordos Basin and its adjacent areas. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 23(1): 39-52] [16] 李增学,张新元. 1998. 华北陆表海盆地南部层序地层分析. 北京: 地质出版社,67-77. [Li Z X,Zhang X Y. 1998. Sequence Stratigraphic Analysis of Southern North China Sea Basin. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,67-77] [17] 梁积伟,李文厚. 2006. 鄂尔多斯盆地东北部山西组高分辨层序地层学研究. 沉积学报, 24(2): 251-258. [Ling J W,Li W H. 2006. High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of Shanxi Formation(Permian)in Northwestern Portion of Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 24(2): 251-258] [18] 鲁静,邵龙义,孙斌,杨敏芳,董大啸,田文广,李明培. 2012. 鄂尔多斯盆地东缘石炭—二叠纪煤系层序—古地理与聚煤作用. 煤炭学报, 37(5): 747-754. [Lu J,Shao L Y,Sun B,Yang M F,Dong D X,Tian W G,Li M P. 2012. Sequence-paleogeography and coal accumulation of Carboniferous-Permain coal measure in the eastern Ordos Basin. Journal of China Coal Society, 37(5): 747-754] [19] 罗立民,王英民,李晓慈,张学军. 1997. 运用层序地层学模式预测河流相砂岩储层. 石油地球物理勘探,(1): 130-136,154. [Luo L M,Wang Y M,Li X C,Zhang X J. 1997. River-facies sand reservoir prediction using sequence stratigraphic pattern. Oil Geophysical Prospecting,(1): 130-136,154] [20] 马永生,田海芹. 2006. 华北盆地北部深层层序古地理与油气地质综合研究. 北京: 地质出版社,15. [Ma Y S,Tian H Q. 2006. Study on the Deep Sequence Paleogeography and Petroleum Geology in the Northern Part of North China Basin. Beijing: Geological Publshing House,15] [21] 邵龙义,董大啸,李明培,王海生,王东东,鲁静,郑明泉,程爱国. 2014. 华北石炭—二叠纪层序—古地理及聚煤规律. 煤炭学报, 39(8): 1725-1734. [Shao L Y,Dong D X,Li M P,Wang H S,Wang D D,Lu J,Zheng M Q,Cheng A G. 2014. Sequence-paleogeography and coal accumulation of the Carboniferous-Permian in the North China Basin. Journal of China Coal Society, 39(8): 1725-1734] [22] 邵龙义,何志平,鲁静. 2008. 环渤海湾西部石炭—二叠系层序地层及聚煤研究. 北京: 地质出版社. [Shao L Y,He Z P,Lu J. 2008. Study on Carboniferous-Permian Sequence Stratigraphy and Coal Accumulation in Western Bohai Bay. Beijing: Geological Publishing House] [23] 邵龙义,鲁静,汪浩,张鹏飞. 2009. 中国含煤岩系层序地层学研究进展. 沉积学报, 27(5): 904-914. [Shao L Y,Lu J,Wang H,Zhang P F. 2009. Developments of coal measures sequence stratigraphy in China. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 27(5): 904-914] [24] 邵龙义,徐小涛,王帅,王东东,高迪,王学天,鲁静. 2021. 中国含煤岩系古地理及古环境演化研究进展. 古地理学报, 23(1): 19-38. [Shao L Y,Xu X T,Wang S,Wang D D,Gao D,Wang X T,Lu J. 2021. Research progress of palaeogeography and palaeoenvironmental evolution of coal-bearing series in China. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 23(1): 19-38] [25] 邵龙义,郑明泉,侯海海,董大啸,王海生. 2018. 山西省石炭—二叠纪含煤岩系层序—古地理与聚煤特征. 煤炭科学技术, 46(2): 1-8,34. [Shao L Y,Zheng M Q,Hou H H,Dong D X,Wang H S. 2018. Characteristics sequence-palaeogeography and coal accumulation of Permo-Carboniferous coal measures in Shanxi Province. Coal Science and Technology, 46(2): 1-8,34] [26] 沈玉林. 2009. 鄂尔多斯中东部晚古生代古地理及高效储层控制因素研究. 中国矿业大学(徐州)博士论文: 37-65. [Shen Y L. 2009. Study on palaeogeography and control factor analysis of efficient reservoir development in Late Paleozoic in middle-eastern Ordos. Doctoral dissertation of China University of Mining & Technology(Xuzhou): 37-65] [27] 谭聪,袁选俊,于炳松,刘策,李雯,崔景伟. 2019. 鄂尔多斯盆地南缘上二叠统—中下三叠统地球化学特征及其古气候、古环境指示意义. 现代地质, 33(3): 615-628. [Tan C,Yuan X J,Yu B S,Liu C,Li W,Cui J W. 2019. Geochemical characteristics and paleoclimatic implications of the Upper Permian and Middle-Lower Triassic strata in southern Ordos Basin. Geoscience, 33(3): 615-628] [28] 翟爱军,邓宏文,邓祖佑. 1999. 鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界层序地层与储层预测. 石油与天然气地质, 20(4): 336-340. [Zhai A J,Deng H W,Deng Z Y. 1999. Sequence stratigraphy and reservoir prediction of Upper Paleozoic in Ordos Basin. Oil & Gas Geology, 20(4): 336-340] [29] 张满郎,李熙喆,谷江锐,谢武仁. 2009. 鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界层序地层划分及演化. 沉积学报, 27(2): 289-298. [Zhang M L,Li X Z,Gu J R,Xie W R. 2009. Sequence division and evolution of Upper Paleozoic in the Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 27(2): 289-298] [30] 杨俊杰,裴锡古. 1996. 中国天然气地质学卷四: 鄂尔多斯盆地. 北京: 石油工业出版社. [Yang J J,Pei X G. 1996. Natural Gas Geology in China Volume Ⅳ: Ordos Basin. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press] [31] 张巍,鲁静,李英娇,王建勇,邵龙义. 2010. 鲁西南地区石炭纪—二叠纪含煤岩系层序地层及聚煤特征. 古地理学报, 12(1): 90-96. [Zhang W,Lu J,Li Y J,Wang J Y,Shao L Y. 2010. Sequence stratigraphy and coal accumulation of the Carboniferous and Permian coal measures in southwestern Shandong Province. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 12(1): 90-96] [32] 张周良. 1996. 河流相地层的层序地层学与河流类型. 地质论评, 42(S1): 188-193. [Zhang Z L. 1996. Sequence stratigraphy and river types of fluvial strata. Geological Review, 42(S1): 188-193] [33] 郑荣才,文华国,梁西文. 2002. 鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界高分辨率层序地层分析. 矿物岩石, 22(4): 66-74. [Zheng R C,Wen H G,Liang X W. 2002. Analysis of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy for Upper Paleozoic in Ordos Basin. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology, 22(4): 66-74] [34] Aitken J F,Flint S S. 1995. The application of high resolution sequence stratigraphy to fluvial systems: a case study from the Upper Carboniferous Breathitt Group,eastern Kentucky,USA. Sedimentology, 42(1): 3-30. [35] Bohacs K,Suter J. 1997. Sequence stratigraphic distribution of coaly rocks: fundamental controls and paralic examples. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 81: 1612-1639. [36] Vail P R,Mitchum R M,Thonmson S. 1977. Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sea level: part 2. relative changes of sea level from coastal onlap. AAPG Memoir, 26: 63-81. [37] Vail P R. 1987. Seismic Stratigraphy Interpreteation Using Sequence Stratigraphy: Part 1: Seismic Stratigraphy Interpreation Procedure. Ball A W(ed). Atlas of Seismic Stratigraphy. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 27: 1-10. [38] Wagoner Wagoner J C,Pesamentier H W,Mitehum R M. 1988. An overview of the fundamentals of sequence stratigraphy and key definitions. In: Wilgus C K,Hastings B S,Kendall C G St C(eds). SeaLevel Changes: An Integrated Approach. SEPM Special Publication, 42: 39-46.
