New findings of huananaspid fishes from the Lower Devonian in Nanning, Guangxi and their stratigraphic and biogeographic significances
ZHANG Shurong1,2, SHAN Xianren1,2, GAI Zhikun1,2
1 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China; 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
Abstract Two new species of Huananaspidae(Huananaspidiformes,Galeaspida),Huananaspis cupido sp. nov. and Asiaspis liangi sp. nov.,are described from the lower part of the Nagaoling Formation(Pragian,Early Devonian)in Nanning,Guangxi,China. H. cupido sp. nov. differs from H. wudingensis in smaller headshield,lacking median dorsal spine,and cornual processes extending beyond the posterior margin of the headshield. A. liangi sp. nov. differs from A. expansa in headshield length greater than width,cornual processes extending posterolaterally,serrated posterior margin of cornual processes,and longitudinal oval median dorsal opening. The Nagaoling Formation yields reliable index fossils indicating a Pragian age,thus the Xujiachong vertebrate assemblage yielded from this formation can provide a palaeoichthyological standard for stratigraphic correlations of Early Devonian in South China. New findings of Huananaspis and Asiaspis from the Nagaoling Formation enriches the biodiversity of huananaspids,adds new members to the the Xujiachong vertebrate assemblage,and provides direct fossil evidence for the correlation between the Posongchong Formation in Wuding of Yunnan and the Nagaoling Formation in Nanning of Guangxi. The Xujiachong vertebrate assemblage is the most diversified in the transitional beds between the Lianhuashan and Nagaoling formations,almost containing all genera in adjacent regions,indicating that Naning of Guangxi is one of the centers for galeaspids radiating and dispersing. Fish assemblage displays a similar high level of endemism to that of the vascular plants and brachiopod fauna during the Pragian of Early Devonian,which probably caused by the South China sea,a large semi-closed epicontinental gulf. Because of the effect of a closed sea,fishes show exceptional taxonomic diversity and high levels of endemism,forming an independent biogeographic region known as‘galeaspid-yunnanolepid province’ in South China.
Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41972006,42072026),and the National Program for Support of Topnotch Young Professionals(No. W02070206)
Corresponding Authors:
SHAN Xianren,born in 1997,is a master’s degree candidate of Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is engaged in the study of galeaspids and related stratigraphy. E-mail: shanxianren@ivpp.ac.cn. GAI Zhikun,born in 1978,is a research professor of Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is engaged in the study of early vertebrates and related stratigraphy and palaeogeography. E-mail: gaizhikun@ivpp.ac.cn.
About author: ZHANG Shurong,born in 1999,is a master’s degree candidate of Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences. She is engaged in the study of human activities and environmental process. E-mail: zhangshurong0929@126.com.
Cite this article:
ZHANG Shurong,SHAN Xianren,GAI Zhikun. New findings of huananaspid fishes from the Lower Devonian in Nanning, Guangxi and their stratigraphic and biogeographic significances[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(2): 341-355.
ZHANG Shurong,SHAN Xianren,GAI Zhikun. New findings of huananaspid fishes from the Lower Devonian in Nanning, Guangxi and their stratigraphic and biogeographic significances[J]. JOPC, 2023, 25(2): 341-355.
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