The types of dolostones in the Cambrian in eastern Tarim Basin include mud-sized to silt-sized crystalline dolostone，fine crystalline dolostone and medium-coarse crystalline dolostone.Based on sedimentary characteristics，order degree analysis，carbon and oxygen isotope analysis，strontium isotope analysis，cathodoluminescence and trace elements analysis，four dolomitization mechanisms were proposed for these dolostones，that is，deep water reflux penecontemporaneous dolomitization，evaporative pumping penecontemporaneous dolomitization，reflux seepage dolomitization，and burial dolomitization.Dolostones by different dolomitization mechanisms show different lithological and geochemical characteristics.Deep water reflux penecontemporaneous dolostone is mud-sized to silt-sized crystalline dolostone and occurs in eastern Tarim Basin.It results from penecontemporaneous dolomitization of lime mud by hypersaline sea water，which forms on the adjacent evaporative Tarim Carbonate Platform and flows into the deep eastern Tarim Basin along sea floor.Evaporative pumping dolostone is mud-sized to silt-sized crystalline dolostone and occurs on the carbonate rock platform.It forms in the tidal-flat environments.Reflux seepage dolostone is fine crystalline dolostone and commonly occurs beneath evaporative pumping dolostone and evaporites on the carbonate rock platform.Burial dolostone is medium-coarse crystalline dolostone.It results from dolomitization of limestone in deep burial environments by cyclic formation water rich in Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺. Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ come from the dissolution of previous dolostones，rather than from compaction of shales.