Review of sedimentation types and relevant concepts in mountain provenance
Zhong Dakang1, 2
1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249; 2 College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249
Abstract By systematically reviewing the research results of sedimentation types in exhumation provenance during recent decades to centuries at home and abroad,combined field study in modern sediments of Quaternary,based on whether sediments transport,transportation mechanism,sedimentation location,gradient and landform, etc., the sedimentation types in exhumation provenance can be divided into eluvium,deluvium,colluvium,fluvial deposits in mountain-girt valley,pluvium,alluvium,etc. Various types have obvious differences in basic conception and connotation.Eluvium is sedimentation in-situ of the parent rock weathering product on the gentle landform(<3°). Deluvium is the deposits formed from parent rock weathering by sliding or rolling to the foot of the slopes under the impact of overland flow or gravity on the tilt landform (>3°,but no more than 30°). Colluvium is the deposits formed only under the impact of gravity by sliding or rolling to the foot of the slopes in the way of caving or fall or collapse on the steep landform (>30°). Fluvial deposits in mountain-girt valley form when eluvium,deluvium,colluvium are carried to valley or channel in mountains by overland flow. Pluvium forms during flood period when plenty of parent rock weathering products carried by intermountain flood current are located in mountain pass. Alluvium forms during normal river flow period when plenty of parent rock weathering products carried by intermountain flood current are located in mountain pass.In addition,gravity flow deposits such as landslide,slump,debris flow, etc., also exist in exhumation provenance.
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