Liquefaction structures induced by the M5.7 earthquake on May 28,2018 in Songyuan area,Jilin Province,China
Shao Zhu-Fu1,2, Liu Ze-Xuan1, Zhong Jian-Hua3, John Howell2, Luan Xi-Wu4, Ran Wei-Min4, Liu Jing-Jing1, Zhang Wen-Xin1, Zhao Bing1
1 School of Geosciences,Northeast Petroleum University,Heilongjiang Daqing 163318,China; 2 Department of Geology and Petroleum Geology,University of Aberdeen,Aberdeen AB24 3UE,UK; 3 School of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum,Shandong Qingdao 266580, China; 4 Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology,China Geological Survey,Shandong Qingdao 266071,China
Abstract An earthquake of magnitude M5.7 occurred in Yamutu village,Songyuan City,Jilin Province of Northeast China(45°16'12″N,124°42'35″E)on May 28,2018,with a focal depth of 13 km. The epicenter is located at the intersection of the Fuyu/Songyuan-Zhaodong fault,Second Songhua River fault and Fuyu north fault which lie west of Tanlu Fault. The earthquake-induced widespread liquefication structures and ground cracks within 3 km from the epicenter,bringing serious disasters to the local surroundings. The visible liquefied structures are mainly composed of sand volcanos,followed by liquefied sand mounds,sand dikes and sand sills. The liquefied sand volcanoes can be divided into volcanoes with craters,volcanoes without craters and water volcanoes(sand-free). Other soft-sediment deformation structures(SSDSs)induced by earthquakes include deformation lamination,load structures and flame structures,deformation folds,dish structures,convolute bedding and some water-escape structures. The formation process of the sand volcanos comprises building up excess pore-fluid pressure in the liquefied layer,cracking of the low-permeability overlying layer and sand-water venting out of the ground surface inthree stages. During the upwelling,the liquefied sand is injected into the low-permeability layer to form sand veins,sand sills and various types of deformation structures. The vertical seismic liquefaction structure can be divided into the four parts of the bottom clean unconsolidated liquefiable sand,the lower liquefied deformation layer,the upper liquefied deformation layer and the ground surface liquefied sand volcano layer. The liquefaction occurred at a buried depth of 2-5 m,causing a thickness of 2 m of sand to liquefy. NE-SW(35°~215°)trending compressive stress that caused the fault to reactivate may be the seismogenic mechanism of the Songyuan M5.7 earthquake,and the Fuyu/Songyuan-Zhaodong fault was conjectured to be the major seismogenic fault. The study of the Songyuan seismic liquefaction structures provides guidance for the prediction of modern earthquake activity areas and disaster-prone areas and provides abundant basis material for studying earthquakes induced SSDSs in modern sediments,which will be of great significance in interpreting the theories of “the present is the key to the past”,which provides the latest practical data to reveal that the northern part of tanlu fault zone has entered into a stage of strong faults and seismicity since the beginning of this century.
Fund:; Co-funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(No. JJ2016ZR0573),Youth Foundation of Northeast Petroleum University(No. NEPUBS201503),Northeast Petroleum University Scientific Research Start-Up Fund(No. NEPU201603),Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Depositional Mineralization & Mineral foundation(No. DMSMZO17009)and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No. ZR2016DB15)
About author: Shao Zhu-Fu,born in 1984,is an associate professor of the Department of Geology of Northeast Petroleum University,with a Ph.D. degree obtained from China University of Petroleum. He is currently engaged in sedimentology and petroleum geology. E-mail: kangzhu09@yeah.net.
Cite this article:
Shao Zhu-Fu,Liu Ze-Xuan,Zhong Jian-Hua et al. Liquefaction structures induced by the M5.7 earthquake on May 28,2018 in Songyuan area,Jilin Province,China[J]. JOPC, 2020, 22(1): 75-96.
Shao Zhu-Fu,Liu Ze-Xuan,Zhong Jian-Hua et al. Liquefaction structures induced by the M5.7 earthquake on May 28,2018 in Songyuan area,Jilin Province,China[J]. JOPC, 2020, 22(1): 75-96.
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