Petrologic characteristics and sedimentary environments of bituminous sandstone in the Proterozoic Xiamaling Formation of Jibei Depression, Yanshan region
Zhu Yi-Xiu1,2, Yang Cheng-Yu1,2, Wang Huan1,2, Xiao Jin-Guang1,2
1 College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China; 2 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China Unikersity of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249,China
Abstract：We detail measured the Xiamaling Formation outcrops in Jibei Depression and carried thin section analysis and SEM observation on the bottom section of massive bituminous sandstone. A sedimentary environment analysis was carried by studying the distribution of bituminous sandstone,composition of the rock such as ratio of the clastic grain and interstitial materials,structure such as sorting, rounding, grain size,and petrological features. The outcome indicates the bituminous sandstone was composed mainly by high maturity quartz sandstone with 5%~15% bitumen filled within the intergranular pores. The sandstone was mainly fine grain sandstone and was well or extremely well sorted. The comprehensive analysis shows that the sedimentary environment of the bituminous sandstone in the Xiamaling formation was high energy foreshore to shoreface with no barriers. The probably depositional position of the bituminous sandstone was located between the lower foreshore to middle-upper shoreface. Besides,tidal channels also contribute sediments to the bituminous sandstone. The sedimentary environments in each measured outcrop profile was varies. The Lingyuan and Pingquan profiles mainly are high energy middle-up shoreface environments,while the Kuangcheng profile mainly are upper shoreface and lower foreshore environments. The Lingyuan and Kuangcheng profiles contain a few tidal channel deposits.
Zhu Yi-Xiu,Yang Cheng-Yu,Wang Huan et al. Petrologic characteristics and sedimentary environments of bituminous sandstone in the Proterozoic Xiamaling Formation of Jibei Depression, Yanshan region[J]. JOPC, 2019, 21(3): 431-440.
[1] 范文博. 2015. 华北克拉通中元古代下马岭组地质特征及研究进展: 下马岭组研究百年回眸. 地质论评, 61(6): 1383-1406. [Fan W B.2015. Geological features and research progress of the Mesoproterozoic Xiamaling Formation in the North China Craton: A review after nearly one hundred years of study. Geological Review, 61(6): 1383-1406] [2] 高林志,张传恒,史小颖,宋彪,王自强,刘耀明. 2008. 华北古陆下马岭组归属中元古界的锆石SHBIMP年龄新证据. 科学通报, 53(21): 2617-2623. [Gao L Z,Zhang C H,Shi X Y,Song B,Wang Z Q,Liu Y M.2008. Mesoproterozoic age for Xiamaling Formation in North China Plate indicated by SHRIMP dating. Chinese Science Bulletin, 53(21): 2617-2623] [3] 高林志,丁孝忠,曹茜,张传恒. 2010. 中国晚前寒武纪年表和年代地层序列. 中国地质, 37(4): 1014-1020. [Gao L Z,Ding X Z,Cao Q,Zhang C H.2010. New geological time scale of Late Precambrian in China and geochronology. Geology in China, 37(4): 1014-1020] [4] 高林志,丁孝忠,庞维华,张传恒. 2011. 中国中—新元古代地层年表的修正: 锆石U-Pb年龄对年代地层的制约. 地层学杂志, 35(1): 1-7. [Gao L Z,Ding X Z,Pang W H,Zhang C H.2011. New geologic time scale of Meso-and Neoproterozoic of China and geochronologic constraint by shrimp zircon U-Pb dating. Journal of Stratigraphy, 35(1): 1-7] [5] 高耀斌,郝石生,卢学军,黄志龙. 1991. 燕山地区中—上元古界油苗及其油源研究. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 15(1): 1-7. [Gao Y B,Hao S S,Lu X J,Huang Z L.1991. Middle-upper Proterozoic erathem oil-seep and its oil sources in Yanshan region. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 15(1): 1-7] [6] 郝石生,高耀斌,张有成. 1990. 华北北部中、上元古界石油地质学. 山东东营: 石油大学出版社,54-61. [Hao S S,Gao Y B,Zhang Y C.1990. Study on Petroleum Geology of Meso-Neoproterozoic in the North of North China. Shandong Dongying: Petroleum University Press,54-61] [7] 何志刚,莫文渊,刘春莲,吴超羽. 2007. 从沉积速率和沉积物粒度看冰后期海侵以来珠江三角洲西江大鳌沙的形成. 古地理学报, 9(3): 331-336. [He Z G,Mo W Y,Liu C L,Wu C Y.2007. Formation of Xijiang Da'aosha in Pearl River Delta during the postglacial period from a perspective of sedimentation rates and sediment grain size. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 9(3): 331-336] [8] 刘岩,钟宁宁,田永晶,齐雯,母国妍. 2011. 中国最老古油藏: 中元古界下马岭组沥青砂岩古油藏. 石油勘探与开发, 38(4): 503-512. [Liu Y,Zhong N N,Tian Y J,Qi W,Mu G Y.2011. The oldest oil accumulation in China: Meso-proterozoic Xiamaling Formation bituminous sandstone reservoirs. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 38(4): 503-512] [9] 孟元林,王志轩,张凤莲,孟凡晋,焦金鹤,施立冬. 2016. 辽河坳陷西部凹陷南段古近系沙河街组致密砂岩特征与成因机制. 古地理学报, 18(4): 569-580. [Meng Y L,Wang Z X,Zhang F L,Meng F J,Jiao J H,Shi L D.2016. Characteristics and forming mechanism of tight sandstones in the Paleogene Shahejie Formation of southern West Sag,Liaohe Depression. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 18(4): 569-580] [10] 欧光习,李林强. 2006. 辽西—冀北坳陷中—上元古界油源及成藏期分析. 矿物岩石地球化学通报, 5(1): 87-91. [Ou G X,Li L Q.2006. Study on the origin and accumulation stage of hydrocarbon distributed in the Middle-Upper Proterozoic System in the Liaoxi-Jibei Depression. Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry, 5(1): 87-91] [11] 彭冰霞,杜远生. 2002. 鄂东地区上泥盆统五通组砂岩沉积相及其古地理特征. 古地理学报, 4(3): 26-32. [Peng B X,Du Y S.2002. The sedimentary facies and palaeogeography of Wutong Formation sandstone of the upper Devolian in eastern Hubei Province. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 4(3): 26-32] [12] 宋天锐. 2007. 北京十三陵中元古界长城系沉积相标志及沉积环境演化模式. 古地理学报, 9(5): 461-472. [Song T R.2007. Developed models of palaeogeographical environments based on Mid-Proterozoic sedimentary facies indicators of the Changcheng System(Great Wall System)of the Ming Tombs District,Beijing. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 9(5): 461-472] [13] 宋天锐,高键. 1987. 北京十三陵前寒武系沉积岩. 北京: 地质出版社,17-38. [Song T R,Gao J.1987. Precambrian Sedimentary Rocks of Beijing Ming Tombs. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,17-38] [14] 宋天锐,朱筱敏. 2013. 碎屑岩岩类学. 见: 冯增昭. 中国沉积学(第二版). 北京: 石油工业出版社,56. [Song T R,Zhu X M.2013. Petrograaphy of Clastic Rocks. In: Feng Z Z. Sedimentology of China(Second Edition). Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,56] [15] 王丽云,罗顺社,张敏,门福信. 2009. 河北宽城北杖子地区下马岭组沉积相特征. 石油地质与工程, 23(3): 30-35. [Wang L Y,Luo S S,Zhang M,Men F X.2009. Characteristics of sedimentary facies of Xiamaling Formation at Beizhangzi area,Kuancheng,Hebei. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 23(3): 30-35] [16] 王铁冠. 1980. 燕山地区震旦亚界油苗的原生性及其石油地质意义. 石油勘探与开发, 7(2): 34-52. [Wang T G.1980. Primary properties of Sinian Suberathem oil-seep and its petroleum geological significance in Yanshan region. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 7(2): 34-52] [17] 王铁冠. 1990. 燕山东段上元古界含沥青砂岩中一个新三环萜烷系列生物标志物. 中国科学(B辑),20(10): 1077-1085. [Wang T G.1990. A novel tricyclic terpane biomarker series in the Upper Proterozoic bituminous sandstone,eastern Yanshan region. Science in China (Series B),20(10): 1077-1085] [18] 王铁冠. 2009. 华北地台下组合含油性及区带预测. 北京: 中国石油大学(北京),44-60. [Wang T G.2009. Oiliness of lower Huabei Platform Sequence and the Prediction. Beijing: China University of Petroleum(Beijing),44-60] [19] 王铁冠,韩克猷. 2011. 论中—新元古界油气资源. 石油学报, 31(1): 1-7. [Wang T G,Han K Y.2011. On Meso-Neoproterozoic primary petroleum resources. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 31(1): 1-7] [20] 王铁冠,黄光辉,徐中一. 1988. 辽西龙潭沟元古界下马岭组底砂岩古油藏探讨. 石油与天然气地质, 9(3): 278-287. [Wang T G,Huang G H,Xu Z Y.1988. Approach to the Proterozoic Xiamaling Formation basal sandstone fossil-oil-reservoir. Oil & Gas Geology, 9(3): 278-287] [21] 王铁冠,钟宁宁,王春江,朱毅秀,刘岩,宋到福. 2016. 冀北坳陷下马岭组底砂岩古油藏成藏演变历史与烃源剖析. 石油科学通报, 1(1): 24-37. [Wang T G,Zhong N N,Wang C J,Zhu Y X,Liu Y,Song D F.2016. Source beds and oil entrapment-alteration histories of fossil-oil-reservoirs in the Xiamaling Formation basal sandstone,Jibei Depression. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 1(1): 24-37] [22] 王泽九,黄枝高,姚建新,马秀兰. 2014. 中国地层表及说明书的特点与主要进展. 地球学报, 35(3): 271-276. [Wang Z J,Huang Z G,Yao J X,Ma X L.2014. Characteristics and main progress of the stratigraphic chart of China and directions. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 35(3): 271-276] [23] 赵澄林,李儒峰,周劲松. 1997. 华北中新元古界油气地质与沉积学. 北京: 地质出版社,1-15. [Zhao C L,Li R F,Zhou J S.1997. Study on Petroleum Geology of Neoproterozoic in the North of North China. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,1-15] [24] 翟明国,胡波,彭澎,赵太平. 2014. 华北中—新元古代的岩浆作用与多期裂谷事件. 地学前缘,21(1): 100-119. [Zhai M G,Hu B,Peng P,Zhao T P.2014. Meso-Neoproterozoic magmatic events and multi-stage rifting in the NCC. Earth Science Frontiers,21(1): 100-119] [25] 翟秋敏,郭志永,李磊,王海荣. 2012. 北大西洋IODP U1313站位早更新世深海沉积物陆源组分粒度特征及其环境意义. 古地理学报, 14(2): 261-268. [Zhai Q M,Guo Z Y,Li L,Wang H R.2012. Grain size characteristics and their environmental significance of terrigenous constituents in deep-sea sediments at IODP Site U1313 in North Atlantic during the Early Pleistocene. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 14(2): 261-268] [26] 邹妞妞,张大权,史基安,蒋欢,鲁新川,张顺存. 2016. 准噶尔盆地石南地区中侏罗统头屯河组沉积特征及演化. 古地理学报, 18(6): 951-960. [Zou N N,Zhang D Q,Shi J A,Jiang H,Lu X C,Zhang S C.2016. Sedimentary characteristics and evolution of the Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation in Shinan area of Junggar Basin. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition), 18(6): 951-960] [27] Wang T G.1991. A novel tricyclic terpane biomarker series in the Upper Proterozoic bituminous sandstone,eastern Yanshan region. Science in China(Ser. B), 34(4): 479-489. [28] Wang T G,Simoneit B R T.1995. Tricyclic terpanes in Precambrian bituminous sandstone from the eastern Yanshan region,North China. Chemical Geology, 120: 155-170.
