Through an intensive study on pollen and spores from the cores of Hm, Dh1 and G2 in eastern part of Shanghai, five palynological assemblages and three sub-assemblages have been distinguished. The five stages about the evolution of palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate which are reconstructed in the Holocene in this area are as follows: the mixed forest of conifers and broad-leave trees—grassland, reflecting a temperate and little moist climate(sub-arctic period); the mixed forest of conifers and broad-leave trees with a few kinds of evergreen broad-leave trees, reflecting a temperate and slightly dry climate(Boreal period); the evergreen broad-leave forest being mainly composed of Quercus(evergreen) and Castanopsis, indicating a hot and moist climate(Atlantic period);the mixed forest of conifers and broad-leave trees, taking Quercus, Pinus and Gramineae as the main elements in palynological assemblages, reflecting a warm and little dry climate (Sub-Boreal period); the mixed forest of deciduous broad-leaves, evergreen broad –leaves and conifers-grassland, with Quercus (deciduous, evergreen) and pines being the main components, reflecting a warm and moist climate (Sub-Atlantic period). The study provides reliable evidences for the division and correlation of the ages of the sediments in this region and also provides important palynological information for the reconstruction of palaeovegetation, palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment of the Holocene in this area.