Abstract This research was based on a 14 m long core from the Borehole BHQ in Beihu Lake,Pingyao area of Zhejiang Province. With 4 dating data by AMS14C method,palynological analysis was performed on 49 samples. It showed that the palynological concentrations varied greatly in different samples,and there were a wide variety of plants,i.e., totally 103 pollen types were recorded. Based on characteristics of palynological assemblages and lithology,3 pollen zones and 9 pollen subzones were divided,and the environmental sequence of vegetation succession and climatic temperature change in the Early and Middle Holocene for the study area was reconstructed. In the interval of 19-8.9 m,corresponding to the Early Holocene,vegetation in the study area was mainly conifer-deciduous broad-leaved forest,including Quercus(deciduous),Pinus,Altingiaceae and Pterocarya as well as Quercus(evergreen), Ulmus,etc. There were low content of evergreen trees,indicating that after the “Younger Dryas Event”at the late period of Late Pleistocene,the study area entered into the Holocene,and climate quickly turned warm. In the interval of 8.9～6.7m,corresponding to the Megathermal,this was the best period of hydrothermal condition in all sections. At this period,evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest were dominant,including Quercus(deciduous),Quercus(evergreen),Pinus,Altingiaceae,Pterocarya and Ulmus. And the species and quantity of evergreen trees were far more than that of the former period,indicating warm and humid climate. During the 6.7～4.775m sedimentary period,corresponding to the Middle Holocene,there was an apparent fluctuation in palynological assemblages,and the vegetation in the study area mainly contained deciduous broad-leaved forest such as Quercus(deciduous),Altingiaceae,Pinus and Pterocarya. The number of Quercus(evergreen)dwindled rapidly. It showed that the vegetation type in the study area had evolved into deciduous and broad-leaved forests. It reflected that the area experienced a relatively-drastical climatic deterioration event. And the high concentration of Oryza pollen(≥35μm) during this period might indicate a certain scale of ancient human activity in the study area.
Corresponding Authors:
Ye Wei,born in 1957,is a professor of Zhejiang Normal University. Now she is engaged in research on environment change. E-mail: lygl29@zjnu.cn
About author: Lu Wenchen,born in 1988,is a candidate for master degree of Zhejiang Normal University. Now he is engaged in research on Holocene palynology. E-mail: luwenchen@yeah.net.
Cite this article:
Lu Wenchen,Ye Wei. Characteristics of pollen assemblage and climate change in the Holocene at Borehole BHQ in Pingyao area, Zhejiang Province[J]. JOPC, 2014, 16(5): 687-702.
Lu Wenchen,Ye Wei. Characteristics of pollen assemblage and climate change in the Holocene at Borehole BHQ in Pingyao area, Zhejiang Province[J]. JOPC, 2014, 16(5): 687-702.
蔡永立,陈中原,章薇,等. 2001. 孢粉—气候对应分析重建上海西部地区8.5ka B.P.以来的气候[J]. 湖泊科学,13(2):118-126. 曹现勇. 2009. 安阳洹河流域全新世以来环境变化与人类活动的沉积记录[D]. 河北石家庄:河北师范大学,1-66. 陈学林. 1991. 杭嘉湖平原全新世沉积的孢粉组合及其意义[J]. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),(4):83-90. 方修琦,侯光良. 2011. 中国全新世气温序列的集成重建[J]. 地理科学,31(4):385-393. 顾明光,陈忠大,卢成忠,等. 2006. 浙江湘湖地区全新世孢粉记录及其古气候意义[J]. 中国地质,33(5):1144-1148. 何元庆,姚檀栋,沈永平,等. 2003. 冰芯与其他记录所揭示的中国全新世大暖期变化特征[J]. 冰川冻土,25(1):11-18. 洪雪晴. 1989. 中国近海及沿海地区第四纪进程与事件[M]. 北京:海洋出版社,111-116. 侯光良,方修琦. 2011. 中国全新世气温变化特征[J]. 地理科学进展,30(9):1075-1080. 李春海,唐领余,万和文,等. 2009. 晚更新世以来浙江余姚地区植被变化及人类活动[J]. 微体古生物学报,26(1):48-56. 李黎霞. 2011. 浙江省全新世早期环境变化与文化响应[D]. 浙江金华:浙江师范大学,19-20. 刘会平,王开发. 1998. 沪苏杭地区若干文化遗址的孢粉—气候对应分析[J]. 地理科学,18(4):368-373. 刘金陵,Chang W Y B. 1996. 根据花粉资料推论长江三角洲地区12 000年来的环境变迁[J]. 古生物学报,35(2):136-154. 刘泽纯,等. 1991. 第四纪沉积与环境[M]. 江苏南京:东南文化书社,182-199. 马春燕. 2012. 浙江杭州东苕溪平原全新世沉积地貌环境演变及与新石器文明关系的初探[D]. 上海:华东师范大学,7-9. 覃军干. 2006. 宁绍平原及邻区晚更新世以来的孢粉学研究及古环境意义[D]. 上海:同济大学,1-129. 施雅风,孔昭宸,王苏民,等. 1992. 中国全新世大暖期的气候波动与重要事件[J]. 中国科学(B辑),22(12):1300-1308. 舒军武,王伟铭,陈炜. 2007. 太湖平原西北部全新世以来植被与环境变化[J]. 微体古生物学报,24(2):210-221. 唐领余,沈才明. 1992. 江苏北部全新世高温期植被与气候[M]. 北京:海洋出版社,80-93. 唐领余,沈才明,赵希涛. 1993. 江苏建湖庆丰剖面1万年来的植被与气候[J]. 中国科学(B辑),23(6):637-643. 王开发, 王宪曾. 1983. 孢粉学概论[M]. 北京:北京大学出版社,1-205. 王开发,张玉兰,叶志华,等. 1978. 根据花粉分析推断上海地区近六千年以来的气候变迁[J]. 大气科学,2(2):139-145. 王宁练,姚檀栋,Thompson L G,等. 2002. 全新世早期强降温事件的古里雅冰芯记录证据[J]. 科学通报,47(11):818-823. 王绍武,龚道溢. 2000. 全新世几个特征时期中国气温[J]. 自然科学进展,10(4):325-332. 王苏民. 1990. 岱海: 湖泊环境与气候变化[M]. 安徽合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,117-182. 吴文祥,刘东生. 2002.5500 a BP气候事件在三大文明古国古文明和古文化演化中的作用[J]. 地学前缘,9(1):155-162. 肖尚斌,李安春,陈木宏,等. 2005. 近8ka东亚季风变化的东海内陆架泥质沉积记录[J]. 地球科学:中国地质大学学报,30(5):573-581. 徐馨,朱明伦. 1984. 镇江地区15 000年以来古植被与古气候变化[J]. 地理学报,39(3):277-284. 许靖华. 1998. 太阳、气候、饥荒与民族大迁徙[J]. 中国科学(D辑),28(4):366-384. 许雪珉,William Y B Chang,刘金陵. 1996.11 000年以来太湖地区的植被与气候变化[J]. 古生物学报,35(2):175-186. 杨怀仁. 1996. 环境变迁研究[M]. 江苏南京:河海大学出版社,130-137. 姚檀栋,施雅风,Thompson L G. 1992. 祁连山敦德冰芯记录的全新世气候变化[A]. 见:施雅风,孔昭宸(主编). 中国全新世大暖期气候与环境[M]. 北京:海洋出版社,206-211. 叶玮,李凤全,沈叶琴,等. 2007. 良渚文化期自然环境变化与人类文明发展的耦合[J]. 浙江师范大学学报(自然科学版),29(4):455-460. 章桂林,张允白,严惠君. 2009. “国际地层表”(2008)简介[J]. 地层学杂志,33(1):1-10. 张瑞虎. 2003. 江苏苏州绰墩遗址孢粉记录与太湖地区的古环境[D]. 江苏南京:南京师范大学,1-40. 张瑞虎. 2005. 江苏苏州绰墩遗址孢粉记录与太湖地区的古环境[J]. 古生物学报,44(2):314-321. 张玉兰. 2005. 长江三角洲前缘地区晚第四纪沉积的孢粉与环境研究[J]. 海洋学报,27(4):82-87. 张玉兰,贾丽. 2006. 上海东部地区晚第四纪沉积的孢粉组合及古环境[J]. 地理科学,26(2):186-191. 《浙江森林》编辑委员会. 1993. 浙江森林[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社,8-58. 郑卓,邓韫,张华,等. 2004. 华南沿海热带—亚热带地区全新世变化与人类活动的关系[J]. 第四纪研究,24(4):387-393. 周曙,邹松梅,刘志平,等. 2001. 江苏太湖平原北翼的第四纪孢粉与环境[J]. 微体古生物学报,18(1):70-75. 周子康,刘为纶. 1996. 杭州湾南岸全新世温暖期气候的基本特征[J]. 杭州大学学报(自然科学版),23(1):80-86. Chinese Academy of Sciences(Compilatory Commission of Physical Geography of China). 1984. Physical Geography of China:Climate[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1-30. Christopher R A. 1976. Morphology and taxonomic status of Pseudoschizaea Thiergart and Frantz ex R. Potonie Emend[J]. Micropaleontology,22(20):143-150. Demenocal P,Ortiz J,Guilderson T, et al. 2000. Abrupt onset termination of the Africa Humid period:Rapid climate responses to gradual insolation function[J]. Quaternary Science Review,19(1):347-361. Denton G H,Karlén W. 1973. Holocene climatic variations: Their pattern and possible cause[J]. Quaternary Research,3(2):155-205. Dykoski C A,Edwards R L,Cheng H, et al. 2005. A high-resolution,absolute-dated Holocene and deglacial Asian monsoon record from Dongge cave,China[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,233(1):71-86. Faegri K,Iversen J. 1989. Textbook of Pollen Analysis(3rd.)[M]. Oxford:Blackwell,295. Gao Y X. 1962. On some problems of Asian monsoon[J]. Some questions about the East Asian monsoon,1-49. Goudie J A. 1992. Environmental Change[M]. Oxford:Blackwell,12-41. Grimm E C. 1987. CONISS:A FORTRAN 77 program for stratigraphically constrained cluster analysis by the method of incremental sum of squares[J]. Computers & Geosciences,13(1):13-35. Grimm E C. 1993. TILIA:A program for analysis and display[CP]. Illinois State Museum,Springfield. Grimm E C. 2004. TGView Version 2.0.2[CP/OL]. http:∥museum. state. Il. us/pub/grimm(last accessed:1 August 2006). Liu K,Sun S,Jiang X. 1992. Environmental change in the Yangtze River Delta since 12,000 Years B.P.[J]. Quaternary Research,38(1):32-45. Perry C A,Hsu K J. 2000. Geophysical,archaeological,and historical evidence support a solar-output model for climate change[J]. Proceedings of National Academy of Science of USA,97(23):12433-12438. Ren G,Beug H J. 2002. Mapping Holocene pollen data and vegetation of China[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,21(12):1395-1422. Rossignol M. 1962. Analyse pollinique de sédiments marins quaternaires en Israel. I. Sédiments récents[J]. Pollen spores,3(2):303-324. Stockmarr J. 1971. Tablets with spores used in absolute pollen analysis[J]. Pollen et Spores,13: 615-621. Wang Y,Cheng H,Ewards R L, et al. 2005. The Holocene Asian Monsoon:Links to solar changes and North Atlantic climate[J]. Science,308:854-857. Weiss H,Courty M A,Wetterstrom W, et al. 1993. The genesis and collapse of third millennium north Mesopotamian civilization[J]. Science,261:995-1004. Wenke R J,Olszewski D. 1990. Patterns in Prehistory:Humankinds First Three Million Years[M]. New York:Oxford University Press,311-385. Xiao J,Xu Q,Nakamura T, et al. 2004. Holocene vegetation variation in the Daihai Lake region of north-central China:A direct indication of the Asian monsoon climatic history[J]. Quaternary Science Review,23(14):1669-1679. Yi S,Saito Y,Zhao Q, et al. 2003. Vegetation and climate changes in the changjiang(Yangtze River)Delta,China,during the past 13,000 years inferred from pollen records[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,22(14):1501-1519. Yu G,Prentice I C,Harrison S P, et al. 1998. Pollen-based biome reconstructions for China at 0 and 6000 years[J]. Journal of Biogeography,25(6):1055-1069. Zhang J,Lin Z. 1992. Climate of China[M]. New York:Wiley,376.
