Abstract The sandstones in the Lower Member of the Jurassic Zhiluo Formation in northeastern Ordos Basin has been recognized as major reservoirs of uranium in northeastern Ordos Basin. Although previous studies on the sedimentology of the uranium-bearing sandstones in the basin have been usually focused on regional distribution of the uranium-bearing sandstones in northern Ordos Basin received very few attention. Based on large quantities of well data and outcrop measurements in this study, the Lower Member of Zhiluo Formation is divided into two sub-members (J2z1-1, J2z1-2) in northern Ordos Basin. The main types of sedimentary facies identified in the Zhiluo Formation include fluvial facies and deltaic facies. During the deposition of the lower sub-member, the main depositional facies developed include gravelly to sandy braided fluvial deposits and deltaic deposits in the northeastern part of the study area. The main depositional facies gradually changed to sandy braided and meandering fluvial deposits during the deposition of the upper sub-member. Meandering fluvial systems were widely developed during deposition of the upper member, especially toward the top of the member. This study found that the development of uranium ore is mainly controlled by factors such as material composition of the source rock, distribution and evolution of favorable depositional systems, and climate condition. The analysis of facies and the development of the depositional model of the Zhiluo Formation could potentially have important applications for the exploration of uranium deposits in northern Ordos Basin.
Fund:Co-funded by the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41330315),the Geological Survey Project of China Geological Survey(No.12120114009201),and the Ministry of Science and Technology Special Fund Project of State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Northwest University(No.201210122)
Corresponding Authors:
Zhao Junfeng,born in 1975,is an associate professor of Northwest University. He is mainly engaged in sedimentology and basin analysis. E-mail: zjf@nwu.edu.cn.
About author: Xue Rui,born in 1991,is a master degree candidate of Northwest University. He is mainly engaged in sedimentology and petroleum geology. E-mail: xuerui@stumail.nwu.edu.cn.
Cite this article:
Xue Rui,Zhao Junfeng,Yan Zhandong et al. Sedimentary characteristics and evolution of the Jurassic Zhiluo Formation in northern Ordos Basin[J]. JOPC, 2017, 19(6): 999-1012.
Xue Rui,Zhao Junfeng,Yan Zhandong et al. Sedimentary characteristics and evolution of the Jurassic Zhiluo Formation in northern Ordos Basin[J]. JOPC, 2017, 19(6): 999-1012.
[1] 陈超,刘洪军,侯惠群,韩绍阳,柯丹,白云生,欧光习,李言瑞. 2016. 鄂尔多斯盆地北部直罗组黄铁矿与砂岩型铀矿化关系研究. 地质学报, 90(12): 3375-3380. [Chen C,Liu H J,Hou H Q,Han S Y,Ke D,Bai Y S,Ou G X,Li Y R. 2016. The relationship between pyrite and sandstone-hosted uranium mineralization of the Zhiluo Formation in the northern Ordos Basin. Acta Geologica Sinica, 90(12): 3375-3380] [2] 陈戴生,刘武生,贾立城. 2011. 中国中新生代古气候演化及其对盆地砂岩型铀矿的控制作用. 铀矿地质, 27(6): 321-326[Chen D S,Liu W S,Jia L C. 2011. Paleo-climate evolution in China and its control on the metallization of sandstone type uranium deposit of Meso-Cenozoic basins. Uranium Geology,27(6): 321-326] [3] 陈庸勋,戴东林,杨昌贵. 1981. 岩相古地理研究方法:以鄂尔多斯盆地为例. 北京: 地质出版社,96-115. [Chen Y X,Dai D L,Yang C G. 1981. Research Methods of Lithofacies and Paleogeography. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,96-115] [4] 冯增昭. 2004. 单因素分析多因素综合作图法:定量岩相古地理重建. 古地理学报,6(1): 3-19. [Feng Z Z. 2004. Single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping method:Reconstruction of quantitative lithofacies palaeogeography. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition),6(1): 3-19] [5] 侯惠群,李言瑞,刘洪军,韩绍阳,王贵,白云生,吴迪,吴柏林. 2016. 鄂尔多斯盆地北部直罗组有机质特征及与铀成矿关系. 地质学报, 90(12): 3367-3374. [Hou H Q,Li Y R,Liu H J,Han S Y,Wang G,Bai Y S,Wu D,Wu B L. 2016. The organic matter characteristics of the Zhiluo Formation and its relationship with uranium mineralization in the north Ordos Basin. Acta Geologica Sinica, 90(12): 3367-3374] [6] 焦养泉,陈安平,王敏芳,吴立群,原海涛,杨琴,张承泽,徐志诚. 2005. 鄂尔多斯盆地东北部直罗组底部砂体成因分析:砂岩型铀矿床预测的空间定位基础. 沉积学报,23(3): 371-379. [Jiao Y Q,Chen A P,Wang M F,Wu L Q,Yuan H T,Yang Q,Zhang C Z,Xu Z C. 2005. Genetic analysis of the bottom sandstone of Zhiluo Formation,northeastern Ordos Basin: Predictive base of spatial orientation of sandstone-type uranium deposit. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,23(3): 371-379] [7] 焦养泉,吴立群,杨生科,吕新彪,杨琴,王正海,王敏芳. 2006. 铀储集层沉积学:砂岩型铀矿勘查与开发的基础. 北京: 地质出版社,213-304. [Jiao Y Q,Wu L Q,Yang S K,Lü X B,Yang Q,Wang Z H,Wang M F. 2006. Sedimentology of Uranium Reservoir: The Exploration and Production Base of Sandstone-type Uranium Deposits. Beijing: Geological Publishing House,213-304] [8] 焦养泉,吴立群,彭云彪,荣辉,季东民,苗爱生,里宏亮. 2015. 中国北方古亚洲构造域中沉积型铀矿形成发育的沉积-构造背景综合分析. 地学前缘,22(1): 189-205. [Jiao Y Q,Wu L Q,Peng Y B,Rong H,Ji D M,Miao A S,Li H L. 2015. Sedimentary-tectonic setting of the deposition type uranium deposits forming in the Paleo-Asian tectonic domain,North China. Earth Science Frontiers,22(1): 189-205] [9] 刘武生,康世虎,贾立城,史清平,彭聪. 2013. 二连盆地中部古河道砂岩型铀矿成矿特征. 铀矿地质,29(6): 328-335. [Liu W S,Kang S H,Jia L C,Shi Q P,Peng C. 2013. Characteristics of paleo-valley sandstone-type uranium mineralization in the middle of Erlian Basin. Uranium Geology,29(6): 328-335] [10] 罗静兰,刘小洪,张复新,贾恒,李博. 2005. 鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区和吐哈盆地十红滩地区含铀砂岩岩石学及成岩作用. 石油学报,26(4): 39-45. [Luo J L,Liu X H,Zhang F X,Jia H,Li B. 2005. Petrology and diagenesis of uranium-bearing sandstones in Dongsheng area of Ordos Basin and Shihongtan area of Tuha Basin. Acta Petrolei Sinica,26(4): 39-45] [11] 罗伟,刘池洋,张东东,王建强,郭配,牛海青,赵岩,王飞飞. 2015. 鄂尔多斯盆地西缘石岗沟地区直罗组碎屑锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学特征及物源区判定. 矿物岩石,35(4): 106-115. [Luo W,Liu C Y,Zhang D D,Wang J Q,Guo P,Niu H Q,Zhao Y,Wang F F. 2015. LA-ICP MS U-Pb chronological characteristics of detrital zircon from Zhiluo formation and its provenance in Shiganggou region,western Ordos Basin. Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,35(4): 106-115] [12] 罗伟,刘池洋,张东东,王建强,牛海青,郭佩. 2016. 贺兰山—六盘山地区中侏罗统直罗组地球化学特征及其地质意义. 古地理学报,18(6): 1030-1042. [Luo W,Liu C Y,Zhang D D,Wang J Q,Niu H Q,Guo P. 2016. Geochemistry characteristics of the middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formationin Helan Mountain-Liupan Mountain area and their geological significances. Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese Edition),18(6): 1030-1042] [13] 孙立新,张云,张天福,程银行,李艳峰,马海林,杨才,郭佳成,鲁超,周晓光. 2017. 鄂尔多斯北部侏罗纪延安组、直罗组孢粉化石及其古气候意义. 地学前缘, 24(1): 32-51. [Sun L X,Zhang Y,Zhang T F,Cheng Y H,Li Y F,Ma H L,Yang C,Guo J C,Lu C,Zhou X G. 2017. Jurassic sporopollen of Yan’an Formation and Zhiluo Formation in the northeastern Ordos Basin,Inner Mongolia,and its paleoclimatic significance. Earth Science Frontiers, 24(1): 32-51] [14] 王盟,罗静兰,李杪,白雪晶,程辰,闫辽伟. 2013. 鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区砂岩型铀矿源区及其构造背景分析:来自碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及Hf同位素的证据. 岩石学报,29(8): 2746-2758. [Wang M,Luo J L,Li M,Bai X J,Cheng C,Yan L W. 2013. Provenance and tectonic setting of sandstone-type uranium deposit in Dongsheng area,Ordos basin: Evidence from U-Pb age and Hf isotopes of detrital zircons. Acta Petrologica Sinica,29(8): 2746-2758] [15] 吴仁贵,陈安平,余达淦,祝民强,周万蓬. 2003. 沉积相分析与河道砂岩型铀矿成矿条件讨论:以鄂尔多斯中新生代盆地东胜地区为例. 铀矿地质,19(2): 94-99. [Wu R G,Chen A P,Yu D G,Zhu M Q,Zhou W P. 2003. Analysis on depositional system and discussion on ore-formation conditions of channel sandstone type uranium deposit:Taking Dongsheng area,Ordos Meso-Cenozoic basin as an example. Uranium Geology,19(2): 94-99] [16] 吴兆剑,韩效忠,易超,祁才吉,惠小朝,王明太. 2013. 鄂尔多斯盆地东胜地区直罗组砂岩的地球化学特征与物源分析. 现代地质,27(3): 557-567. [Wu Z J,Han X Z,Yi C,Qi C J,Hui X C,Wang M T. 2013. Geochemistry of sandstones from the middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formation,Dongsheng District,northeastern Ordos Basin: Implications for provenance and tectonic setting. Geoscience,27(3): 557-567] [17] 易超,韩效忠,李西得,张康,陈心路. 2014. 鄂尔多斯盆地东北部直罗组砂岩岩石学特征与铀矿化关系研究. 高校地质学报,20(2): 185-197. [Yi C,Han X Z,Li X D,Zhang K,Chen X L. 2014. Study on sandstone petrologic feature of the Zhiluo Formation and its controls on uranium mineralization in northeastern Ordos Basin. Geological Journal of China Universities,20(2): 185-197] [18] 于文斌,董清水,邹吉斌,冯本智. 2006. 松辽盆地东南缘地浸砂岩型铀矿成矿条件分析. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),36(4): 543-549. [Yu W B,Dong Q S,Zou J B,Feng B Z. 2006. Analysis of metallogenic conditions of in-Situ leachable sandstone type uranium deposit in the southeastern margin of Songliao Basin. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),36(4): 543-549] [19] 张复新,乔海明,贾恒. 2006. 内蒙古东胜砂岩型铀矿床形成条件与成矿作用. 地质学报, 80(5): 733-739. [Zhang F X,Qiao H M,Jia H. 2006. The metallogenic condition and epigenetic alteration mineralization of Dongsheng uranium deposit in the Inner Mongolia. Acta Geologica Sinica, 80(5): 733-739] [20] 张龙,吴柏林,刘池洋,雷开宇,侯惠群,孙莉,寸小妮,王建强. 2016. 鄂尔多斯盆地北部砂岩型铀矿直罗组物源分析及其铀成矿意义. 地质学报, 90(12): 3441-3453. [Zhang L,Wu B L,Liu C Y,Lei K Y,Hou H Q,Sun L,Cun X N,Wang J Q. 2016. Provenance analysis of the Zhiluo Formation in the sandstone-hosted uranium deposits of the northern Ordos Basin and implications for uranium mineralization. Acta Geologica Sinica, 90(12): 3441-3453] [21] 张天福,孙立新,张云,程银行,李艳锋,马海林,鲁超,杨才,郭根万. 2016. 鄂尔多斯盆地北缘侏罗纪延安组、直罗组泥岩微量、稀土元素地球化学特征及其古沉积环境意义. 地质学报, 90(12): 3454-3472. [Zhang T F,Sun L X,Zhang Y,Cheng Y H,Li Y F,Ma H L,Lu C,Yang C,Guo G W. 2016. Geochemical characteristics of the Jurassic Yan’an and Zhiluo Formations in the northern margin of Ordos Basin and their paleoenvironmental implications. Acta Geologica Sinica, 90(12): 3454-3472] [22] 张字龙,韩效忠,李胜祥,姚春玲,赵永安. 2010. 鄂尔多斯盆地东北部中侏罗统直罗组下段沉积相及其对铀成矿的控制作用. 古地理学报,12(6): 749-758. [Zhang Z L,Han X Z,Li S X,Yao C L,Zhao Y A. 2010. Sedimentary facies of the lower part of Middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formatioon in northeastern Ordos Basin and its controls on uranium mineralization. Journal of Palaogeography(Chinese Edition),12(6): 749-758] [23] 赵俊峰,刘池洋,喻林,梁积伟,黄雷. 2006. 鄂尔多斯盆地中侏罗世直罗—安定期沉积构造特征. 石油与天然气地质,27(2): 159-166. [Zhao J F,Liu C Y,Yu L,Liang J W,Huang L. 2006. Sedimentary tectonic features of Ordos Basin in Middle Jurassic Zhiluo-Anding stages. Oil & Gas Geology,27(2): 159-166] [24] 赵俊峰,刘池洋,喻林,黄雷,刘永涛,高飞. 2007. 鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系直罗组砂岩发育特征. 沉积学报,25(4): 535-544. [Zhao J F Liu C Y,Yu L,Huang L,Liu Y T,Gao F. 2007. Distributional and sedimentary characteri-stics of sandstones in Jurassic Zhiluo Formation,Ordos Basin. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,25(4): 535-544] [25] 赵俊峰,刘池洋,赵建设,王晓梅. 2008. 鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗系直罗组沉积相及其演化. 西北大学学报(自然科学版),38(3): 480-486. [Zhao J F,Liu C Y,Zhao J S,Wang X M. 2008. Sedimentary facies and its evolution of Jurassic Zhiluo formation in Ordos Basin. Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),38(3): 480-486] [26] 赵俊峰,刘池洋,梁积伟,王晓梅,喻林,黄雷,刘永涛. 2010. 鄂尔多斯盆地直罗组—安定组沉积期原始边界恢复. 地质学报,84(2): 553-569. [Zhao J F,Liu C Y,Liang J W,Wang X M,Yu L,Huang L,Liu Y T. 2010. Restoration of the original sedimentary boundary of the middle Jurassic Zhiluo Formation-Anding Formation in the Ordos Basin. Acta Geologica Sinica,84(2): 553-569] [27] Hall S M,Mihalasky M J,Tureck K R,Hammarstrom J M,Hannon M T. 2017. Genetic and grade and tonnage models for sandstone-hosted roll-type uranium deposits,Texas Coastal Plain,USA. Ore Geology Reviews,80: 716-753. [28] Jaireth S,Roach I C,Bastrakov E,Liu S F. 2015. Basin-related uranium mineral systems in Australia: A review of critical features. Ore Geology Reviews,76: 360-394. [29] Liu C Y,Zhao H G,Zhao J F,Wang J Q,Zhang D D,Yang M H. 2008. Temporal-spatial coordinates of evolution of the Ordos basin and its mineralization responses. Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),82: 1229-1243. [30] Ullah K,Khattak N U,Qureshi A A,Akram M,Khan H A,Nisar A. 2005. Search for uranium source in warcha Sandstone,Salt Range,Pakistan,using SSNTD technique. Radiation Measurements,40: 491-495. [31] Wu L Q,Jiao Y Q,Roger M,Yang S K. 2009. Sedimentological setting of sandstone-type uranium deposits in coal measures on the southwest margin of the Turpan-Hami Basin,China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,36:223-237.
