Yi Xuefei1, Zhang Changmin2, Li Shaohua2, Du Jiayuan2,3,Li Kang2, Wang Haoyu2, Li Xiangyang4, Zhou Fengjuan3
1.Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center of Unconventional Oil and Gas,Wuhan.430100,Hubei 2.Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Exploration,Yangtze University,Wuhan.430100,Hubei 3.Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC Ltd.,Guangzhou.510240,Guangdong 4.Henan Nuclear Industry Geology Bureau,Xinyang.464000,Henan
Abstract More and more sand injectites have been identified from outcrops,seismic data,core observation and logging curves in the last decade. They exert great influence upon exploration and development of oil and gas, both positively and negatively. But because of their complex formation process and distribution,fewer studies has been focused on soft sediments deformations formation mechanisms. A set of laboratory simulation device is set up and a whole experimental procedure is designed to discuss their genetic mechanisms. On this basis,5 experiments considered the influence of two main variables on the structures formed during fluidization, i.e., the thickness of the overlying coarse sediment layer and the configuration of inlet pipes, are carried out. Each experiment result is freezed,sliced and been taken photos to reconstruct a 3D model. It is hoped to provide an experimental basis for the formation mechanism analysis on sand injectites.
李勇,钟建华,邵珠福,等. 2012. 软沉积变形构造的分类和形成机制研究[J]. 地质论评,58(5):829-838. Braccini E,Boer W D,Hurst A, et al. 2008. 砂岩贯入体[J]. 油田新技术,(2):34-49. Cobbold P R,Rodrigues N. 2007. Seepage forces,important factors in the formation of horizontal hydraulic fractures and bedding-parallel fibrous veins(“beef”and“cone-in-cone”)[J]. Geofluids,7:313-332. Glennie K W,Hurst A. 2007. Fluidisation and associated soft-sediment deformation in aeolian sandstones:Hopeman Sandstone(Permian),Scotland,and Rotliegend,North Sea[A]. In:Hurst A, Cartwright J(eds). Sand Injectites:Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production[C]. AAPG Memoir,87:221-226. Fernandes L A,Bonatto de Castro A,Basilici G. 2007. Seismites in continental sand sea deposits of the Late Cretaceous Caiva′Desert,Bauru Basin,Brazil[J]. Sedimentary Geology,199:51-64. Frey S E,Gingras M K,Dashtgard S E. 2009. Experimental studies of gas-escape and water-escape structures:Mechanisms and morphologies[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research,79:808-816. Hurst A,Cartwright J. 2007. Relevance of sand injectites to hydrocarbon exploration and production[A]. In:Hurst A, Cartwright J(eds). Sand injectites:Implications for Hydrocarbon Exploration and Production[C]. AAPG Memoir,87:1-19. Hurst A,Scott A,Vigorito M. 2011. Physical characteristics of sand injectites[J]. Earth Science Reviews,106:215-246. Lowe D R. 1975. Water escape structures in coarse-grained sediments[J]. Sedimentology,22:157-204. Mrz T,Karlik E A,Kreiter S, et al. 2007. An experimental setup for fluid venting in unconsolidated sediments:New insights to fluid mechanics and structures[J]. Sedimentary Geology,196:251-267. Myers G,Winkler C,Dugna B, et al. 2007. Ursa basin explores shine new light on shallow water flow[J]. Offshore Engineer,9:88-93. Netoff D. 2002. Seismogenically induced fluidization of Jurassic erg sands,south-central Utah[J]. Sedimentology,49:64-80. Nichols R J,Sparks R S,Wilson C J N. 1994. Experimental studies of the fluidization of layered sediments and the formation of fluid escape structures[J]. Sedimentology,41:233-253. Owen G,Moretti M,Alfaro P. 2011. Recognizing triggers for soft-sediment deformation:Current understanding and future directions[J]. Sedimentary Geology,235(3):133-140. Pralle N,Kulzer M,Gudehus G. 2003. Experimental evidence on the role of gas in sediment liquefaction and mud volcanism[A]. In:Rensbergen V,Hillis R R,Maltman A J, et al(eds). Subsurface Sediment Mobilization[M]. Geology Society London Special Publishment,216:159-171. Rodrigues N,Cobbold P R,Lseth H. 2009. Physical modelling of sand injectites[J]. Tectonophysics,474:610-632. Rodr′guez-Lo′pez J P,Mele′ndez N,de Boer P L, et al. 2008. Aeolian sand sea development along the mid-Cretaceous western Tethyan margin(Spain):Erg sedimentology and palaeoclimate implications[J]. Sedimentology,55:1253-1292.
