Abstract: Objective The objective of this study was to investigate a risk of prostate cancer(PCa)at a repeat biopsy in patients with chronic prostate inflammation and widespread high grade prostatic intra epithelial neoplasia(wHGPIN).Methods From July 2006 to December 2014,172 cases of prostate biopsy were collected.All of them were diagnosed as HGPIN for the first biopsy,punctured by transrectal ultrasound for 12 points.After the first puncture for 6 months,patients were punctured for rebiopsy.Multi-focal wHGPIN was defined as a high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia with 2 or more cores detection in a prostate biopsy.Isolated HGPIN was defined as a high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia with only one core detection in a prostate biopsy.Results Seventy-two patients with HGPIN were isolated from primary HGPIN,102 patients with isolated HGPIN,17 patients with chronic prostatitis,70 with multifocal HGPIN and 54 with chronic prostatitis.Forth-eight of 172 patients initial diagnosis of HGPIN was diagnosed as PCa at rebiopsy.The detection rate of wHGPIN was 52.86%(37/70)and isolated HGPIN for 10.88%(11/102).They showed a statistically difference between two groups(P＜0.001).The detection rate of PCa in HGPIN patients with chronic prostatitis was higher than that in patients without chronic prostatitis(P=0.011).Chronic prostatitis and multifocal wHGPIN were a risk factor for prostate cancer independent by rebiopsy,confirmed by the logistic regression model.Conclusion Rebiopsy is a high risk factor of prostate adenocarcinoma for patients with chronic prostatitis and multifocal HGPIN initially diagnosed by the first biopsy.Therefore,these patients are recommended under ultrasound induced by rectal prostate rebiopsy.

Key words: Prostate cancer(PCa), High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia(HGPIN), Chronic prostate inflammation, Prostate biopsy