Objective The objective of this study was to investigate effects of miR-34a on the proliferation,invasion and migration of colon cancer SW480 cell and its possible mechanism.Methods miR-34a overexpressed lentivirus and empty virus vector were transfected into SW480 cells and untreated cells were used as blank control group.Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of miR-34a in each group.The cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay.The cell migration and invasion ability were detected by wound healing and transwell assays.The expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin protein was detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with the empty virus vector group and the blank control group,the expression of miR-34a was increased in the transfected cells,and the cell proliferation efficiency,invasion and migration ability were decreased in the transfected cells(P＜0.05).miR-34a significantly increased the expression of E-cadherin protein and decreased Vimentin protein expression in the transfected cells.Conclusion miR-34a can inhibit the proliferation,invasion and migration of colon cancer SW480 cells,and affect the expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin.MR-34a is expected to be a potential molecular target for the metastasis and recurrence of colorectal cancer.

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of acidic conditions on epithelial mesenchymal transition(EMT)of HepG2 cells.Methods HepG2 cells were cultured under acidic and alkaline conditions to observe the difference of cell morphology.Wound healing assays were performed to detect the migration ability of the two groups.Matrigel invasion assays were used to detect the invasive ability of the cells.The expression of EMT-related genes at mRNA level was detected by RT-PCR.The expression level of EMT-related gene protein was detected by Western blot.Results The morphology of HepG2 cells was changed from epithelium to interstitial type under acid conditions.The migration ability of HepG2 cells under acidic condition was stronger than that of alkaline conditions.The number of HepG2 cells crossing Matrigel was higher than that of alkaline condition.The mRNA expression of Vimentin,Slug,Snail and Zeb1 related to EMT and the protein expression of Vimentin and MMP9 related to EMT in HepG2 cells were significantly higher than those under alkaline condition.Conclusion The acid conditions can induce the occurrence of EMT in HepG2 cells.

Objective The relationship between the clinicopathological features and the prognosis of breast cancer patients was evaluated by the expression of EPB41L4A-AS2 in breast cancer tissues.Methods The relationship between the expression of EPB41L4A-AS2 and the clinical features of breast cancer was evaluated by using the genome meta analysis,TCGA and Gene Expression Library(GEO)datasets.The correlation between EPB41L4A-AS2 and apoptotic pathway was verified by Western blotting.Results The results from Meta-analysis,TCGA and GEO datasets showed that EPB41L4A-AS2 was low in breast cancer tissues and was positively correlated with poor clinical and pathological features.EPB41L4A-AS2 was confirmed an association with the classical apoptosis pathway in breast cancer cell lines.In the meta-analysis of GEO,we found the high expression of EPB41L4A-AS2 with good prognosis.Conclusion EPB41L4A-AS2 inhibits tumor formation and has a high value in clinical prognosis of breast cancer.

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate effects of lycopene(LP)on the proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and to explore its mechanism.Methods HepG2 cells in logarithmic growth phase were treated with 0,5,10,20 μg/mL of LP and 40 μg/mL of Cisplatin for 48 h.Ten replicates in each dose were designed in this study.After treatments,the cell viability was measured by MTT colorimetric assay.The distribution of cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry(FCM).The mRNA expression of Bax and Bcl-2 were measured by RT-PCR.The expression of Caspase-3 protein was explored by Western blot.Results The inhibition rate of HepG2 cells was significantly increased by 10 μg/mL and 20μg/mL of LP or 40 μg/mL of cisplatin when compared to the negative control group.The cell cycle of HepG2 cells were arrested at the G₀/G₁ phase and the apoptosis rate were significantly increased in comparison with the negative control group.The level of Bax mRNA expression was significantly increased and decreased in the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA.They were shown an increasing ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and up-regulated Caspase-3 protein in HepG2 cells treated with LP.All effects in this study show a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion LP can inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis in HepG2 cells.This mechanism may be contributed to arresting cell cycle and regulating gene expression related to apoptosis.

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate a risk of prostate cancer(PCa)at a repeat biopsy in patients with chronic prostate inflammation and widespread high grade prostatic intra epithelial neoplasia(wHGPIN).Methods From July 2006 to December 2014,172 cases of prostate biopsy were collected.All of them were diagnosed as HGPIN for the first biopsy,punctured by transrectal ultrasound for 12 points.After the first puncture for 6 months,patients were punctured for rebiopsy.Multi-focal wHGPIN was defined as a high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia with 2 or more cores detection in a prostate biopsy.Isolated HGPIN was defined as a high-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia with only one core detection in a prostate biopsy.Results Seventy-two patients with HGPIN were isolated from primary HGPIN,102 patients with isolated HGPIN,17 patients with chronic prostatitis,70 with multifocal HGPIN and 54 with chronic prostatitis.Forth-eight of 172 patients initial diagnosis of HGPIN was diagnosed as PCa at rebiopsy.The detection rate of wHGPIN was 52.86%(37/70)and isolated HGPIN for 10.88%(11/102).They showed a statistically difference between two groups(P＜0.001).The detection rate of PCa in HGPIN patients with chronic prostatitis was higher than that in patients without chronic prostatitis(P=0.011).Chronic prostatitis and multifocal wHGPIN were a risk factor for prostate cancer independent by rebiopsy,confirmed by the logistic regression model.Conclusion Rebiopsy is a high risk factor of prostate adenocarcinoma for patients with chronic prostatitis and multifocal HGPIN initially diagnosed by the first biopsy.Therefore,these patients are recommended under ultrasound induced by rectal prostate rebiopsy.

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the imaging findings of ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT in patients with multiple myeloma(MM).Methods Fifteen patients with multiple myeloma were enrolled in our hospital from January 2014 to October 2016.The clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed to obtain the range of SUVmax values by ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT imaging performance.Results Fifteen MM patients with ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT showed a total number of lesions 202,the number of lesions 176 in PET and the number of lesions 171 in CT.The SUVmax range of ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT imaging in the diagnosis of MM was 1.41~16.28.Fourteen cases of 15 MM patients were found varying degrees of bone destruction;one case showed a slightly increased bone density and also slightly increased FDG metabolic activity.Bone destruction was more performance for the chisel-like,osteolytic,swelling and flaky bone destruction.The osteogenesis lesions were rare.Conclusion ¹⁸F-FDG PET-CT imaging can clearly show the imaging features of MM by combining functional metabolic and anatomical information,and provide more clues for clinical diagnosis,which can improve the diagnostic accuracy of MM.

Objective The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between DKK1 protein expression and lymph node invasion,and prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Methods From January 2005 to December 2012,78 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were treated with endoscopic resection.Tissue microarray of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and adjacent tissues were done and biochemical indexes were measured before operation.The patients were recruited every 3 months after operation.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the recurrence-free survival curve and the overall survival curve.The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the multivariate analysis and to determine the factors that affect the disease-free survival(RFS)and overall survival(OS).Results There were significant differences in the expression of GGT,hepatic portal lymph node invasion,Child-Pugh grade,MMP9 and DKK1 protein in the negative and positive expression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(P＜0.05).The positive expression rate of DKK1 protein in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was 35.90%(28/78),and the positive expression rate of DKK1 protein in hilar cholangiocarcinoma was 14.10%(11/78).RFS and OS in 78 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were 51.28%(40/78)and 50.00%(38/78),41.03%(32/78)and 38.46%(30/78),25.64%(20/78)and 23.08%(18/78)after surgery for 1,3 and 5 years,respectively.The results from univariate and multivariate analysis showed that GGT,CA19-9,CEA,tumor size,DKK1 and hilar lymph node invasion were the prognostic factors of OS in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.CEA,tumor size,DKK1 and hilar lymph node involvement were prognostic factors for RFS in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.DKK1 protein expression positive and negative OS curve or RFS curve showed that 5 years after intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients DKK1 protein expression positive and negative OS were 28.20% and 20.51%;RFS were 24.36% and 21.79%.Conclusion The expression of DKK1 protein is closely related to lymph node invasion in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.The expression of DKK1 protein is the prognostic factor of OS and RFS in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective The objective of this study was to observe the short-term and long-term curative effects of minimally invasive surgical treatment combined with chemotherapy of localized nasopharyngeal carcinoma in patients,and to clarify the necessity of combination therapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods Sixty-two patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were enrolled in our hospital from March 2011 to September 2011.The patients were divided into the observation and control groups by random number table method.The patients in observation group were given the application of minimally invasive surgery with postoperative combined chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil after nasal endoscopic resection.The patients in the control group were given single application of minimally invasive surgical treatment of nasal endoscopic resection.The patients in two groups were observed the efficiency,survival rate and postoperative quality of life after surgery for 1 year or 5 years.Results The effective rate was 83.87% and 100% for the survival rate in the observation group after surgery for 1 year;the effective rate was 58.06% and 87.10% for the survival rate in the control group.There was significant different between the observation and control groups(P＜0.05).The survival and survival rates were significantly higher than those in the control group after surgery for 5 years(P＜0.05).After surgery 1 year,the scores of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combination of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of minimally invasive endoscopic nasopharyngeal resection combined with postoperative chemotherapy can significantly improve the short-and long-term survival rates,long-term effective rate,and quality of life in tumor patients after surgery.This is suitable for clinical application.

Objective The objective of this study was to observed the effect of target control intravenous(TCI)anesthesia and intravenous inhalational anesthesia in the postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients with intracranial tumor at different time points.Methods Seventy patients were divided into the experimental and control groups according to the different methods of intraoperative anesthesia.The experimental group was selected to treat with propofol combined with remifentanil TCI anesthesia,and the control group was treated with intravenous anesthetics combined with inhalation isoflurance.Recovery time of respiration,time of opening eyes,extuation time,orientation recovery time,OAAS score before and after operation,and cognitive function(MMSE)were observed in two groups.Results They were no differences in the recovery time of respiration,time of opening eyes and extubation time in two groups(P＞0.05).The orientation recovery time in the experimental group was 20.4±5.8 min and 23.2±4.3 min in the control group.They had significantly different between experimental and control groups(P＜0.05).The time of extubation,leaving the operating room and after 1 h of extubation,OAAS point for the experimental group was 3.3±0.5,4.2±0.4,4.6±0.6 min,respectively,and 2.3±0.2,3.3±0.4,3.9±0.3 in the control group,respectively.They were significantly different between the experimental and control groups(P＜0.05).Prior to treatment,there was no significant difference in MMSE score between the two groups(P＞0.05).MMSE score was 25.0±0.4 and 27.9±1.1 in the experimental group after treatment for 24 h and 48 h,respectively.MMSE score in the control group was 23.2±0.9 and 25.8±1.3 after treatment for 24 and 48 h,respectively.There had a significant different from two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion For elderly patients with intracranial tumor surgery,TCI anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil is stable and awake,and the effect on postoperative cognitive function is relatively small.

Objective The objectives of this study were to analyze the results of lung cancer screening from 9265 urban residents in Urumqi from year 2014 to 2016,and to evaluate the significance of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer for the lung cancer prevention.Methods A total of 31,177 people with high risk of lung cancer were assessed by cancer risk questionnaire surveyed from 40 to 69 years old residents in Urumqi.High-risk groups were assigned to low-dose spiral CT scan in Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.Results 9,265 people were scanned with low dose spiral CT and overall completion rate was 29.7%.There had 11.9% detection rate in 1,005 people who were scanned positive pulmonary nodules.The detection rate was 31.9% for 2,955 people who were scanned solid nodules(＜5 mm)and 2.5% for 236 people who had the non-solid nodules(＜8 mm).After screening,14 patients were diagnosed by pathology and the detection rate was 0.2%.The emphysema,pulmonary cysts,pulmonary bullae and other related lung disease were detected in 4,095 people and the detection rate was 44.2%.Conclusion The lung health status of Urumqi residents was found by a wide range of lung cancer screening,and the awareness of lung cancer prevention and control was greatly improved.It provided the basis for the establishment of effective prevention and treatment system,which was helpful to improve the early diagnosis and treatment rate of lung cancer.

Multiple myeloma is a more common malignant disease in blood medicine,which is characterized by hyper-proliferation and accumulation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow,resulting in a large number of monoclonal immunoglobulins and their fragments,leading to damage to the terminal organs.Of which about 80% of patients have multiple myeloma bone diseases(MBD),which seriously affected the quality of life and prognosis of patients.We have found that the main cause of MBD are contributed to inhibition of osteoblasts,activation of osteoclast and affecting the occurrence by a variety of cytokines and pathways.This article will review and introduce the occurrence and development of MBD related to the latest factors and treatment.

Esophageal cancer morbidity and mortality are high,but it is also the most difficult to treat and cure one of the malignant tumors.At present,immunoinhibitors have made breakthroughs in the treatment of cancer,and related research,Which have become a hot field for the clinical study of immunological checkpoint “procedural death molecule 1”(PD-1)and its ligand PD-L1 antibody.In this paper,we reviewed the progress of PD-1/PD-L1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Grainhead-like 2(GRHL2)is one of the homologous genes of Drosophila granule head-like gene in mammals,which is a kind of Drosophila granule head transcription factor.In normal organisms,GRHL2 is involved in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation and development.In tumors,GRHL2 is complex.GRHL2 not only inhibits tumorigenesis,but it also promotes tumor formation,especially epithelial origin of malignant tumors mostly involving epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)process.Further study of the relationship between GRHL2 and tumor will provide a new idea for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients.The relationship between GRHL2 and tumor is reviewed in this paper.

The tumor microenvironment plays a vital role in the process of tumorigenesis and development.Studies have been confirmed that the tumor microenvironment heterogeneity has a huge impact on the tumor efficacy and drug resistance.This review summarizes the relationship between immune cells and related immune factors in tumor microenvironment as well as vascular endothelial cell heterogeneity and tumor progression and prognosis.So it is better help us understand the tumor microenvironment heterogeneity for the impact of the tumor.This will conduce to us through a variety of methods to enhance the body′s anti-tumor ability by inhibiting and killing tumor cells.

Chronic inflammation of intestine mucosal has been considered as a critical component of colorectal cancer development.Recently,the studies based on high throughput sequencing of colorectal cancer patients released a potential molecular subtype of colorectal cancer,characterized by wound healing and innate immune genes.It suggests that a probably mechanism described by a subset of cells that may be dependent on inflammatory cells and cytokines of tumor development,extremely expanding our insight of cell malignant transformation,and highlight the anti-inflammation treatment.This article will review the normal mechanism of intestine mucosal renewal,wound healing and malignant transformation.

Microwave ablation(MWA)is a significant progress in tumor non-surgical treatment in the 1990s.It is characterized by high thermal efficiency,fast heating rate,high uniform temperature field,complete necrosis of coagulation area and small influencing factors.The local treatment of the tumor shows a great advantage.In recent years,with the maturity of MWA technology,it has been widely used in the treatment of liver tumors(hapatic tumor,HT),has achieved good clinical efficacy.The aim of this study is to review the progress of treatment of HT in MWA to improve its therapeutic efficiency.

Breast cancer is a major disease which threatens the health of women around the world.Breast cancer patients have acquired resistance to existing treatment methods become the current clinical problems.MicroRNA(miRNA)is an endogenous non-coding RNA that participates in the regulation of a variety of biological processes,including cell proliferation,invasion,metastasis,epithelial interstitial transformation and drug resistance.Acquired resistance includes a variety of complex mechanisms that can affect the expression of cell-associated proteins through the abnormal expression of specific microRNAs,the binding of antineoplastic agents to the corresponding target,and the pathways associated with apoptosis.This article will focus on the expression of abnormal microRNA in acquired drug resistance which was caused by endocrine therapy,chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy of breast cancer.miRNAs are considered as promising biomarkers and targets for diagnosis,treatments for acquired drug resistance of breast cancer.

Esophageal cancer is a common malignancy with a high incidence and a poor prognosis.MiR-21 is up-regulated in cancer tissues,blood and saliva of esophageal cancer patients.Its abnormal expression is closely related to the development of esophageal cancer.MiR-21 plays an important role in the regulation of tumor-related target genes,especially in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of esophageal cancer.

AXL is a member of the TAM receptor tyrosine kinase family,and AXL has been shown to be associated with a variety of cancers such as lung cancer,breast cancer,thyroid cancer,prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer.The latest evidence suggests that AXL can promote the growth,invasion and metastasis of various tumors,and its inhibitors can also inhibit tumor formation,suggesting that AXL may be a potential target for anti-tumor therapy,and the use of AXL kinase inhibitors may become the new strategy of anti-tumor therapy.This article reviews the progress of AXL and tumor.

The incidence of bone metastases in malignant tumors is high,and seriously affected the life quality of patients.It is clear that the mechanism of the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors are of great significance.It has been confirmed that tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the migration of primary tumors,and the matrix protein is an important component of bone marrow microenvironment.In recent years,the latest study has been found that matrix proteins can be involved in the process of bone metastasis by promoting tumor cell proliferation,invasion and metastasis.In this paper,the role of matrix proteins in the process of bone metastasis of malignant tumors was reviewed.