Abstract: Objective To evaluate the curative effect of thermotherapy plus intracavitary chemotherapy treating MPE in different lung cancer patients,as well as the toxic and adverse reaction and the influence on Karnofsky performance status.Methods Totally 53 advanced lung cancer patients with MPE were divided into two groups according to pathology,namely adenocarcinoma group and SQCA group.After puncture and drainage of thoracic cavity,intracavitary chemotherapy was subsequently performed by intracavitary administration of Bleomycin and Mannatide once a week.At the same time,thermotherapy was followed twice or thrice a week.After a two-week treatment all patients were given best supporting therapy,and then hydrothorax,Karnofsky performance status and toxic and adverse reactions were monitored.Results There was no significant difference in the recent response rates(64.0% of SQCA group vs.82.1% of adenocarcinoma group,P=0.212),Karnofsky grade improvements and side-effects occurrences between two groups.However,adenocarcinoma group had a longer effective control time than SQCA group with 58.1±11.9d vs 45.8±11.5d,respectively(P=0.003).Conclusion Thermotherapy plus intracavitary chemotherapy can effectively control MPE in advanced lung cancer patients.Among the cases,adenocarcinoma patients may get a longer valid-control-time than SQCA patients.Furthermore,it showed that this group may achieve a better improvement in the Karnofsky performance status.So,pathology is still guidance in the treatment options in the individual-therapy era.